Disorders and diseases of the skin
Malignant Melanoma
100% fatal if left untreated
What term refers to a Nevus
A birthmark
Tubercule
Abnormal rounded, solid lump; larger than a papule.
A rare genetic condition characterized by the lack of melanin pigment in the body is called ___.
Albinism
Harriet begins by asking Keshia for two remedies, one for blackheads and one for her whiteheads. Keshia explains that blackheads and whiteheads are quite similar, except that blackheads ____, while whiteheads ____.
Are open comedones, open at the surface and exposed to air; are closed comedones blocked with debris and white cells.
Sebaceous hyperplasia
Benign lesions frequently seen in oilier areas of the face. An overgrowth of the sebaceous gland, they appear similar to open comedones; often doughnut-shaped, with sebaceous material in the center.
Gigi is a runner who has just completed a five mile run. She has just crossed the finish line and is sweating and breathing heavily. This was difficult race for Gigi because it was a very hot day. As a result of running through a wooded area, she also has several mosquito bites on her arms and legs which she has already been scratching. Under her arms, Gigi notices a mass of small red bumps that burn when she moves her arms back and forth. After a few moments Gigi takes off her running shoes and notices a foul smell. The foul odor Gigi notices after removing her running shoes is called. ______.
Bromhidrosis
Malignant
Cancerous
Carcinoma
Cancerous tissue
Skin cancer
Caused by damage to DNA
Recently, Alana noticed some patches of red itchy skin on her face. She made an appointment with her dermatologist and confirmed she could continue to go for facials and skin treatments. She makes an appointment with her esthetician, Isaiah, a few weeks later and since has forgotten what the condition was called. Isaiah takes this opportunity to counsel Alana that tans, which result from increased melanin production as a defense against UV rays, actually represent ____.
Cellular damage
ABCDE
Chances checklist used to evaluate skin cancer lesions
Harriett is an 18 year old high school senior. A few weeks before her senior prom, she experiences an acne flare up. She tries many over the counter remedies to reduce the blemishes without success. Desperate , she makes an appointment to see Keshia, an esthetician, in hopes of finding an acne solution before the big day. Keshia continues to describe the common causes to acne including ____, which in Harriett's case, could be caused by excessive sebum production.
Clogged follicles
Cyst
Closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, or other matter above or below the skin.
Harriett is an 18 year old high school senior. A few weeks before her senior prom, she experiences an acne flare up. She tries many over the counter remedies to reduce the blemishes without success. Desperate , she makes an appointment to see Keshia, an esthetician, in hopes of finding an acne solution before the big day. Because and treatment will take time to show results, Harriet plans to cover her blemishes using makeup in the meantime. Keshia advises her that foundations in particular contain ____ ingredients that can block follicles , leading to the formation of comedones.
Comedogenic
Fissure
Crack in the skin that penetrate the dermis
Dana is an esthetician at a spa. Her client Judith arrives for her facial treatment. However she is concerned about blemishes and lesions she has noticed on her face and arms. She asks dabs for advice on what treatments to use for these blemishes. As Dana examines Judith's face, Judith admits that she tends to pick at her acne blemishes. Dana counsels her that this could lead to the formation of ____.
Crust
Recently, Alana noticed some patches of red itchy skin on her face. She made an appointment with her dermatologist and confirmed she could continue to go for facials and skin treatments. She makes an appointment with her esthetician, Isaiah, a few weeks later and since has forgotten what the condition was called. Alana asks Isaiah about a patch of discolored skin on her arm. Isaiah explains that in general, abnormal pigmentation, known as ____, can be caused by internal and external factors, such as genetics and sun exposure.
Dyschromia
What is another name for a freckle.
Ephelid
Gigi is a runner who has just completed a five mile run. She has just crossed the finish line and is sweating and breathing heavily. This was difficult race for Gigi because it was a very hot day. As a result of running through a wooded area, she also has several mosquito bites on her arms and legs which she has already been scratching. Under her arms, Gigi notices a mass of small red bumps that burn when she moves her arms back and forth. After a few moments Gigi takes off her running shoes and notices a foul smell. As a result of scratching the modo with bites on her legs, Gigi has developed a(n) _____.
Excoriation
A closed comedo is a blackhead open at the surface and exposed to air.
False
A potential side effect of using Tretinoin (Retin-A) is increased oiliness.
False
Grade II acne is minor breakouts, mostly open comedones, some closed comedones and a few papules.
False
Retention hyperkeratosis is caused by stress.
False
Sebaceous hyperplasia is a malignant lesion frequently seen in oilier areas of the chest
False
Dana is an esthetician at a spa. Her client Judith arrives for her facial treatment. However she is concerned about blemishes and lesions she has noticed on her face and arms. She asks dabs for advice on what treatments to use for these blemishes. Judith also tells Dana that she typically has severely chapped skin, also known as ____, and asks her to be recommended to a moisturizer.
Fissures
Cystic acne is what grade is acne
Grade 4
Harriett is an 18 year old high school senior. A few weeks before her senior prom, she experiences an acne flare up. She tries many over the counter remedies to reduce the blemishes without success. Desperate , she makes an appointment to see Keshia, an esthetician, in hopes of finding an acne solution before the big day. Specifically, Keshia determines that Harriet's blemishes are characteristic of grade ____ acne, due to the presence of many closed comedones, but more open comedones, with some papules and pustules.
Grade II acne
retention hyperkeratosis
Hereditary factor in which dead skin cells build up and do not shed from the follicles as they do on normal skin.
What is the term for over production of pigment
Hyperpigmentation
Harriett is an 18 year old high school senior. A few weeks before her senior prom, she experiences an acne flare up. She tries many over the counter remedies to reduce the blemishes without success. Desperate , she makes an appointment to see Keshia, an esthetician, in hopes of finding an acne solution before the big day. Harriet mentions that since her flare up, she has been avoiding chocolate. Keshia explains that foods probably do not trigger acne directly. However, ____ in foods may irritate acne.
Iodides
Wheal
Itchy, swollen lesion that lasts only a few hours; caused by a blow, the bite of an insect, urticaria, or the sting of a nettle.
Thick scars resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue are ____.
Keloids
Bulla
Large blister containing a watery fluid; similar to a vesicle but larger.
What term refers to structural changes in the tissues caused by damage or injury?
Lesions
Lesions
Mark, wound, or abnormality; structural changes in tissues caused by damage or injury.
Dermatology
Medical branch of science that deals with the study of skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment.
Gigi is a runner who has just completed a five mile run. She has just crossed the finish line and is sweating and breathing heavily. This was difficult race for Gigi because it was a very hot day. As a result of running through a wooded area, she also has several mosquito bites on her arms and legs which she has already been scratching. Under her arms, Gigi notices a mass of small red bumps that burn when she moves her arms back and forth. After a few moments Gigi takes off her running shoes and notices a foul smell. The small red bumps that burn when Gigi moves her arms back and forth are called ____.
Miliaria rubra
Basal cell carcinoma
Most common and least severe type of skin cancer
basal cell carcinoma
Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules.
malignant melanoma
Most serious form of skin cancer; often characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised.
Benign
Not harmful
Harriett is an 18 year old high school senior. A few weeks before her senior prom, she experiences an acne flare up. She tries many over the counter remedies to reduce the blemishes without success. Desperate , she makes an appointment to see Keshia, an esthetician, in hopes of finding an acne solution before the big day. As an alternative, Keshia recommends lighter makeup formulas, such as ____, for Harriet's oily, acne prone skin.
Oil-in-water
Sebaceous filaments are often found where
On the nose
Harriett is an 18 year old high school senior. A few weeks before her senior prom, she experiences an acne flare up. She tries many over the counter remedies to reduce the blemishes without success. Desperate , she makes an appointment to see Keshia, an esthetician, in hopes of finding an acne solution before the big day. Another factor contributing to clogged follicles is the size of the opening, or ____. Upon closer examination, Keshia determines that Harriet's may be too small for debris to escape.
Ostium
Harriett is an 18 year old high school senior. A few weeks before her senior prom, she experiences an acne flare up. She tries many over the counter remedies to reduce the blemishes without success. Desperate , she makes an appointment to see Keshia, an esthetician, in hopes of finding an acne solution before the big day. Keshia informs Harriet that excess sebum production could also be irritating the follicles, causing inflammation and the formation of red inflamed lesions known as ____.
Papules
Papule
Pimple; small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus.
actinic keratosis
Pink or flesh-colored precancerous lesions that feel sharp or rough; resulting from sun damage.
Actinic keratosis
Precancerous lesion that feels sharp or rough
Primary lesions
Primary lesions are characterized by flat, nonpalpable changes in skin color such as macules or patches, or an elevation formed by fluid in a cavity, such as vesicles, bullae, or pustules.
What accompanies an ulcer, in addition to loss of skin depth?
Pus
Squamous cell carcinoma
Red or pink scaly papeles or nodules
Keratosis Pilaris
Redness and bumpiness in the cheeks or upper arms; caused by blocked follicles
What is the term for flaky skin cells, or any tiny thin plate of epidermal flakes, dry or oily?
Scale
Harriett is an 18 year old high school senior. A few weeks before her senior prom, she experiences an acne flare up. She tries many over the counter remedies to reduce the blemishes without success. Desperate , she makes an appointment to see Keshia, an esthetician, in hopes of finding an acne solution before the big day. Harriet is an athlete and asks Keshia is excess perspiration clogs sweat glands, leading to acne breakouts. Keshia explains that acne is a disorder of the ____, not the sweat or sudoriferous, glands.
Sebaceous glands
Harriett is an 18 year old high school senior. A few weeks before her senior prom, she experiences an acne flare up. She tries many over the counter remedies to reduce the blemishes without success. Desperate , she makes an appointment to see Keshia, an esthetician, in hopes of finding an acne solution before the big day. Keshia observes that Harriet's skin is excessively oily, a condition known as ____, which is due to abnormal secretion from the sebaceous glands.
Seborrhea
What is crust an accumulation of?
Sebum and pus
Secondary lesions
Skin damage, developed in the later stages of disease, that changes the structure of tissues or organs.
leukoderma
Skin disorder characterized by light abnormal patches
Excoriation
Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping
Vesicle
Small blister or sac containing clear fluid, lying within or just beneath the epidermis.
Skin tag
Small, benign outgrowths or extensions of the skin that look like flaps; common under the arms or on the neck.
The pilosebaceous unit is the term for what
The ENTIRE follicle
Harriett is an 18 year old high school senior. A few weeks before her senior prom, she experiences an acne flare up. She tries many over the counter remedies to reduce the blemishes without success. Desperate , she makes an appointment to see Keshia, an esthetician, in hopes of finding an acne solution before the big day. Harriet is relieved that Keshia is able to trace the cause of her acne to excess sebum production. Next, she focuses on a treatment, asking Keshia whether antibiotics can treat her acne flare up. While Keshia is not authorized to dispense medications, she explains that some bacteria can exacerbate acne; for example propionibacterium can proliferate blocked follicles because ____.
These bacteria are anaerobic and oxygen is absent in blocked follicles. Bacteria in the follicles are aerobic. When follicles are blocked with sebum and dead skin buildup, oxygen cannot reach the bottom of the follicle. This results in excessive propionibacterium proliferation.
Keloid
Thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue
Hyperkeratosis
Thickening of the skin caused by a mass of keratinocytes
Harriett is an 18 year old high school senior. A few weeks before her senior prom, she experiences an acne flare up. She tries many over the counter remedies to reduce the blemishes without success. Desperate , she makes an appointment to see Keshia, an esthetician, in hopes of finding an acne solution before the big day. Additionally, Keshia advises Harriet to avoid ____ to help prevent acne breakouts.
Touching her face
Comedogenic ingredients in cosmetics can block follicles and lead to comedones.
True
Millia are whiteish, pearl-like masses of sebum and dead cells under the skin with no visible opening,and are often mistakenly called whiteheads.
True
Severe oiliness of the skin is called sebborrhea
True
squamous cell carcinoma
Type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell carcinoma; often characterized by scaly red papules or nodules.
Dana is an esthetician at a spa. Her client Judith arrives for her facial treatment. However she is concerned about blemishes and lesions she has noticed on her face and arms. She asks dabs for advice on what treatments to use for these blemishes. An open lesion with pus on Judith's arm catches Dana's attention. Dana recognizes the deep erosion as a(n) ____, and advises Judith to seek medical attention.
Ulcer
Vasodilation
Vascular dilation of the blood vessels
Dana is an esthetician at a spa. Her client Judith arrives for her facial treatment. However she is concerned about blemishes and lesions she has noticed on her face and arms. She asks dabs for advice on what treatments to use for these blemishes. Dana next turns to the lesions on Judith's arms. Dana learns that Judith is an avid gardener and was recently clearing an over grown area in her yard. Dana suspects that the small blisters on Judith's arms are ____, or fluid containing sacs that form on the skin after contact with poison ivy sap.
Vesicles
Recently, Alana noticed some patches of red itchy skin on her face. She made an appointment with her dermatologist and confirmed she could continue to go for facials and skin treatments. She makes an appointment with her esthetician, Isaiah, a few weeks later and since has forgotten what the condition was called. Isaiah continues, underscoring the importance of melanin to skin health. As an example, ____, a condition characterized by patchy areas of non pigmented skin due to a loss of melanocytes can worsen with sun exposure.
Vitiligo
Gigi is a runner who has just completed a five mile run. She has just crossed the finish line and is sweating and breathing heavily. This was difficult race for Gigi because it was a very hot day. As a result of running through a wooded area, she also has several mosquito bites on her arms and legs which she has already been scratching. Under her arms, Gigi notices a mass of small red bumps that burn when she moves her arms back and forth. After a few moments Gigi takes off her running shoes and notices a foul smell. The itchy, swollen lesions caused by Gigi's mosquito bites are called _____.
Wheals
Hives and mosquito bites are examples of ____.
Wheals
What causes tinea versicolor?
Yeast
Mole
a pigmented nevus
Harriett is an 18 year old high school senior. A few weeks before her senior prom, she experiences an acne flare up. She tries many over the counter remedies to reduce the blemishes without success. Desperate , she makes an appointment to see Keshia, an esthetician, in hopes of finding an acne solution before the big day. Keshia notes that as a high school senior preparing for her prom, Harriet's may be experiencing some stress, which might explain her acne flare-up. Keshia explains that stress can stimulate the ____ to produce more hormones, which leads to more oil production.
adrenal glands; oil production
Keratosis
any skin growth, such as a wart or a callus, in which there is overgrowth and thickening of the skin
Psoriasis
chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales
Macular
flat, red spots on the skin
What is hypopigmentation
lack of pigment
Pustules
raised lesions with pus
What kind of disorder is rosacea
vascular disorder