Diversity in Organizations MGMT-3385
When considering the employment and earnings of native and immigrant Blacks,
African immigrants have higher education than all foreign-born people.
Minority groups are always fewer in number than majority groups.
False
Which of the following is true of religion and work?
Like sexual harassment guidelines, the EEOC has issued religious guidelines to help employers.
Perceptions about affirmative action
NOT---are often a close match to the actual requirements of affirmative action.
Which of the following is true about low status and low skilled workers?
Stated preferences for workers are sometimes preferences for workers who are likely to accept low wages.
Which of the following is true regarding women in religious organizations?
Under certain circumstances, discrimination against women is not illegal.
Which of the following is true of age, accidents, and injuries at work?
Younger employees are more likely to be injured at work.
Disparate impact is intentional discrimination
false
Younger workers are more likely to have a disability than older workers since people with disabilities die before they get old.
false
Former U.S. President Thomas Jefferson
fathered several children with one of the women he enslaved.
It is legal in most states to fire someone because he or she is overweight.
t
In the Walmart case involving immigrant labor,
the U.S. government alleged Walmart knowingly hired illegal immigrants from Mexico and other countries.
All of the following are true about sex discrimination and sexual harassment around the world except :
the men who are most likely to be harassed are older White men.
Some studies find that both men and women who are taller than average are advantaged in employment situations.
true
Underemployment can affect the quality of a person's future employment.
true
Up to 75% of working women have experienced or will experience sexual harassment at some point during their working lives.
true
Of the 96% of Fortune 500 companies, surveyed, what percentage included transgender-inclusive benefits in their policies?
71%
A pproximately what percentage of those who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual are closeted?
83%
Which of the following best describes structured interviews?
A series of job-related questions with pre-determined answers that are consistently used in all interviews for a particular job
Recent estimates suggest that:
About 5.6% of the U.S. population identifies as LGBTQ.
According to the one-drop rule,
Anyone with a known Black ancestor was considered Black, regardless of the number of non-Black ancestors.
Which statement about Asian Americans and education is true?
Asian Americans are represented among people with the highest and lowest education levels.
Which is true of the relationship between Asians and diversity efforts?
Asians participated in the civil rights movement of the 1960s.
Which of the following is true of age and diversity at work?
At times, younger workers are preferred over older workers.
Which of the following are potential outcomes of having an overweight but fit aerobics instructor?
Because the U.S. population is increasing in size, having such an aerobics instructor may be a competitive advantage.
Which of the following is true of the employment of Black women?
Black women who work for non-unionized firms earn more than Black women who work for unionized firms.
In the Bonnie Cook case in which Bonnie was denied employment at a State of Rhode Island agency:
Bonnie's employer engaged in costly discrimination.
Which of the following is true of religion and sexual orientation diversity?
Both the rights of sexual minorities and those who believe non-heterosexuality is immoral should be protected.
Which of the following is true of the Native American/Alaska Native population?
Changes in self-identification have contributed to increases in the population.
What are identity groups?
Collectivities people use to categorize themselves and othe
Which of the following statements about the education and earnings of Blacks/African Americans is true?
Different educational levels between Blacks and Whites do not fully explain the Black/White earnings gap.
Which of the following is true regarding religion and work?
Employees may post reasonably sized religious sayings in their personal workspaces.
At present, the workforce has an increasing proportion of younger workers and a declining ratio of older workers.
False
Because they are often so clearly biased, media portrayals do not contribute to stereotyping.
False
Diversity is beneficial only to women and minorities.
False
Efforts to change attitudes of those who are prejudiced but think they are unbiased are the same as efforts to change attitudes of those who acknowledge and express overt prejudice.
False
Employment discrimination occurs when personal characteristics of applicants and workers that are related to productivity are valued in the labor market.
False
Neosexism occurs when people's reported egalitarian values are in agreement with their negative attitudes toward women.
False
The number of discrimination charges filed with the EEOC averages nearly 500,000 per year.
False
When we first come into contact with others, we intentionally categorize them as belonging to an in-group or an out-group.
False
Which of the following statements is not true about the intergenerational workforce that now exists?
Generation X (born 1965 to 1980) is the largest of the generation groups.
In investigating Hispanic representation in managerial and professional occupations, researchers found that
Hispanics are poorly represented in management and professional occupations relative to their representation in the U.S. population.
In terms of marketing to Latinos, the Hispanic Opinion Tracker study showed that
Hispanics were more likely to report stronger enthusiasm about shopping.
Which of the following is true about demographic changes around the world?
In some countries, the workforce is shrinking.
Diversity-titled jobs are which of the following?
Jobs that have diversity in the job title
Which of the following is true of Latinos in the U.S.?
Latinos of Mexican descent are the largest portion of Hispanic-origin people in the United States.
Which of the following is true regarding Asians' earnings?
Many Asians reside in cities with high costs of living, which reflects Asians' earnings relative to other racial groups.
The population distribution by sex
NOT ---indicates that slightly more of the population is male than female.
Research on American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) women shows that
NOT --AI/AN women have higher participation rates, unemployment levels, and incomes than other women.
Which of the following is not true of women of color?
NOT --They may experience racialized sexual harassment.
Gendered job steering
NOT --occurs when men, but not women, are hired to steer heavy equipment and vehicles.
The Black population is about 17% of the U.S. population has held fairly steady for the past few decades is about 30.5% of the U.S. population is about 25% of the U.S. population
NOT-----is about 17% of the U.S. population****has held fairly steady for the past few decades
Which of the following statements is not true about sexual harassment of Black women? Black (and other minority) women are likely to be subjected to racialized sexual harassment. Companies have tolerated sexual harassment in some of these cases. Racialized harassment of Black women is likely rooted in the sexual abuse Black women endured as slaves. In the past, Black women were likely overrepresented in cases of sexual harassment, but they are now currently underrepresented.
NOT----In the past, Black women were likely overrepresented in cases of sexual harassment, but they are now currently underrepresented.
Research investigating relationships between firm size and employment hiring practices suggests that: small, medium, and large companies employ similar percentages of Black employees. large companies hire considerably smaller percentages of Black employees than small- and medium-sized companies. larger firms are more likely to have formal hiring practices and structured interviews than smaller firms. small companies hire larger percentages of Black employees than medium-and large-sized companies.
NOT----small companies hire larger percentages of Black employees than medium-and large-sized companies. ******larger firms are more likely to have formal hiring practices and structured interviews than smaller firm
Which of the following is true of discrimination claims and the EEOC?
NOT---Each year, claims filed are more likely to be resolved in favor of the charging party than the discriminatory organization.
The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s was less successful than the movement of the 1930s and 1940s. had participation and support from Jewish allies. included lunch counter sit-ins organized by high school students. primarily occurred in the Northern states.
NOT---included lunch counter sit-ins organized by high school students.*****had participation and support from Jewish allies.
Which of the following is true of Asian women at work in the U.S.?
NOT--Asian women are not exposed to the discrimination that results from being a double minority.
Which of the following is true of White and Chinese railroad workers in the 1800s?
NOT--Federal legislation purposefully increased entry of Chinese laborers into the U.S. NOT--Labor market competition fueled lynchings of White workers.
In Ann Hopkins v. Price-Waterhouse,
NOT--the U.S. Supreme Court clarified the legality of using compliance with gender roles in job decisions.
In terms of workforce participation and education, which of the following is true?
NOT=--Asian men are more likely to participate in the workforce than all men of other backgrounds.
Which of the following is true of the media and diversity issues?
Not ---Most crime is interracial, and news reports are more likely to portray Black on White crime.
Which of the following is true of relationships among society, organizations, and families?
Not----Exclusions in the FMLA have almost no effect on relationships and the distribution of caregiving in families.
When assessing appearance requirements, employers should consider which of the following?
Not---Employers should not look at a person until after they are hired regardless of what the person will be doing on the job.
Which of the following has been found of people who take leaves of absence?
People who take leaves are less likely to be promoted and usually receive lower salary increases after taking a leave.
Which of the following is true of the employment of people with and without disabilities?
People with disabilities are more likely to be unemployed, and when employed, they have lower earnings than people without disabilities.
Which of the following is not true of poverty as a diversity concern?
Poverty is usually the result of people's lack of internal motivation and character.
Which of the following is true regarding religious organizations in the U.S.?
Religious organizations are some of the most homogeneous types of organizations.
During a conversation about a promotion, Mary's supervisor, Tom, tells her that because she refused to meet him at a motel nearby for a sexual liaison, she will not get the bonus she has been waiting for. Which of the following best describes this situation?
Sexual harassment and retaliation
Which of the following is true of Native Americans as sports symbols?
Some Native American tribes have supported universities' use of the sports symbols.
Which of the following is correct regarding Whites/Anglo Americans in the U.S.?
Some White ethnic groups faced considerable overt discrimination in the U.S.
Which of the following is consistently related to attitudes toward sexual minorities?
Some elements of religion
Which of the following is true of research on younger workers' employment experiences?
Some younger workers report being paid less than workers in similar jobs because of their age.
Shana wears a hijab (head scarf) in conformance with her Muslim beliefs. Shana has been working in the call center but is moved to the front desk. The manager requests that Shana remove her hijab because it presents the wrong image. What should the human resources manager do?
The human resources manager should tell the manager that is illegal to ask Shana to remove her hijab.
Which of the following is true of religion in the U.S.?
The proportion of the population identifying as Christian is about 65%.
Which of the following is true of the media and diversity issues?
The use of divisive or misleading terminology by the media can negatively affect the acceptance of diversity.
Which of the following is not true of workers under 40 years of age?
They are unlikely to experience age-related discrimination and harassment.
When attempting to reduce benefits costs, which is the best solution for employers?
They should introduce wellness programs, focusing on health.
A new employee with a visible disability applied to work at a restaurant as a hostess. She had experience as a hostess and was hired. She worked as a hostess for a few weeks but was soon assigned to work as a cook. The manager told her she would not be able to work as a hostess because customers had complained about her appearance. Which of the following is true about this situation?
This is a case of appearance discrimination related to a disability and is illegal under the ADA.
A company allowed a worker to work from Sunday through Thursday to accommodate her Sabbath observance on Saturday but then decided it would no longer allow her to work that schedule. The employee asked for an alternate schedule as a religious accommodation. She was then she was fired. Which of the following is true?
This is a case of religious discrimination.
Which of the following is not true of bilingualism?
Training managers to speak Spanish is expensive and counter-productive for employers.
Categorization of younger workers as irresponsible and lazy may result in access discrimination against them.
True
Extensive training in negating stereotypes can reduce spontaneous activation of stereotypes.
True
For subordinating systems to work, distinguishing physical or cultural traits between minority and majority group members must exist.
True
Grandparents caring for their grandchildren experience work and family concerns that may be more difficult than those experienced by parents.
True
Lack of job autonomy and advancement at work have been associated with stress and high blood pressure for Blacks.
True
Social cognitive theory suggests that people use categorization to simplify and cope with the large volumes of information to which they are continually exposed.
True
Stereotyping is often an unconscious process.
True
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act has been construed to include prohibitions against employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation.
True
When out-group members are successful, their success is attributed to external attributes of the out-group members.
True
Which of the following is true regarding Asian Americans in Silicon Valley firms?
While Asian Americans are not underrepresented overall in Silicon Valley firms, they are the least likely group to be promoted into management positions.
Which of the following is true about slavery in the United States?
While Whites could be held in indentured servitude, only Blacks were held in chattel slavery.
As Blacks migrated from the South to the North seeking better jobs and opportunities,
White ethnic groups became "insiders," while Blacks became the "other."
Which of the following is true of White women and diversity concerns?
White men may view White women as good sources of diversity information compared to people of color.
Which of the following is true regarding age and gender?
Women are perceived to become old at younger ages than men.
Which of the following is not true of the Pregnancy Discrimination Act?
Women who are temporarily unable to perform their jobs may be treated differently from other employees with a temporary disability.
Which of the following is true regarding gender and poverty?
Women's greater amount of part-time work negatively affects them during their work lives and during their older years.
The term "ethnicity" refers to
a shared national origin or a shared cultural heritage.
Fortune 500 companies
are increasingly pursuing equity and fairness toward sexual minorities.
Research shows that pregnant women
are more likely to be committed to their organization when their organization has family-supportive policies.
Men working in female-dominated positions
are more likely to be promoted into management than women working in such positions.
Hispanic women
are more likely to experience employment hardship than non-Hispanic White women.
Compared with men, women clergy
are more likely to support political and social issues.
Stereotypes
are overgeneralizations of the characteristics of large human groups.
Glass walls
are similar to the glass ceiling in that they restrict the movement of certain groups.
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act states that discrimination is prohibited against people
at least age 40.
American Jews
at one time were considered a separate race in the U.S.
Glass walls are
barriers that confine minorities and women to certain positions within organizations.
When comparing promotions and earnings for men and women, researchers have found that
both male and female managers perceive women as less promotable than men due to having greater work/family life conflict than men.
In 2010, the Department of Labor changed some aspects of the FMLA (Family and Medical Leave Act) that included
broadening the description of who could be considered a son or daughter to include same-sex families with children.
Sexual harassment of young workers
can affect the young workers in the long term.
Having and using a valid job description,
can reduce biases that might occur during the selection process.
Being "out" at work, defined as disclosing one's gay or lesbian sexual orientation,
comes with both positive and negative consequences.
Flexible scheduling
decreases the stress of dealing with work and family issues.
For people with work-related disabilities
education levels are lower than the education levels of the general population.
Overweight children view social discrimination as a distant consequence of their weight.
experience disparate treatment even when their qualifications are similar to those who are not overweight.
"Passing," or not disclosing one's gay or lesbian sexual orientation at work, comes with few negative consequences .
false
A lower proportion of White men were managers in the private sector in 2000 than in 1966.
false
Affirmative action programs are only for minorities.
false
Affirmative action programs require employers to have hiring quotas if women and minorities are under-utilized.
false
After 12 years of working in a female-dominated position, fewer White men will have been promoted into management than White women.
false
Although White men comprise less than 40% of the U.S. population, about 60% of the highest-level corporate executives are White men .
false
Ambivalent sexism is the simultaneous holding of hostile and considerate sexist beliefs about women.
false
Among heterosexual men, none choose fields of study that are "typically female," but the majority of gay men choose such majors.
false
As Whites are more likely to be managers than Blacks, the similarity effect tends to disadvantage White employees seeking management roles.
false
As a model minority, Asians experience access discrimination but not treatment discrimination.
false
Asian Americans are underrepresented in management and leadership positions because few desire to be in such positions.
false
Asian Americans have long been and continue to be far more negatively viewed than any other ethnic/minority group. That view has been made even stronger because of many U.S. military involvements in Asia.
false
Asian Americans have the lowest educational level of any racial/ethnic group, with only a few who have completed a college degree.
false
Asians with college degrees earn about 50% more per year than Whites with college degrees.
false
Because Whites are the dominant group in the U.S., they are more likely to be viewed as homogenous when compared with other groups .
false
Because no federal laws strictly prohibit appearance discrimination, those who are unattractive or overweight have no recourse.
false
Because of high birth rates, a larger proportion of younger workers are being added to the workforce than in the past.
false
Because of the #MeToo movement, about 50% of sexual harassment charges filed with the EEOC are now resolved in the charging party's favor.
false
Black high school graduates are about less likely to be unemployed as White high school graduates.
false
Bob has strongly held religious beliefs that cause him to disapprove of Jane's behavior, but he has always conformed to his employer's policy that requires him to treat all employees with respect. Nevertheless, his employer must terminate his employment because following a policy is not enough, his beliefs are simply unacceptable.
false
Differences in education, workforce participation, and employment levels vary too much in different locations to be helpful in identifying non-dominant groups in a particular country or location.
false
Dissatisfied stigma refers to being construed as a member of a stigmatized out-group because of association with members of that group.
false
Estimates are that about 35% of the people in the U.S. identify as LGBTQ.
false
For recruitment purposes, organizations resist going to tribal colleges seeking Native American applicants because these colleges are usually not accredited.
false
Gender identity refers to a person's internal sense of gender, but not how a person behaves or appears compared to societal expectations of that person.
false
Having a disability is a small predictor of unemployment.
false
Hispanic men participate in the workforce at lower rates than non-Hispanic White men.
false
Hispanics are overrepresented in managerial and professional occupations relative to their representation in the U.S. population.
false
If someone is perceived as having a disability, but this perception is not accurate, that person is not covered under the ADA.
false
In internalized ableism, people with disabilities reject negative messages about their self-worth.
false
In most U.S. states, employment discrimination based on weight or appearance is illegal.
false
In the past few years, the number of women working as CEOs in Fortune 500 companies has become greater than the number of men in those positions.
false
Legislation is necessary and sufficient to reduce disparities between groups.
false
Less than half of Japanese who were interned during World War II were U.S. citizens.
false
Like people with disabilities, fat people are more likely to be hired because employers know they have fewer employment options and are thus less likely to turn over.
false
Men who become fathers decrease their time at work.
false
Most Hispanics in the United States are immigrants.
false
Multiracial people have higher average ages than single race people.
false
Non-marital partners parenting their partner's children are not currently covered under the FMLA.
false
Older workers have higher turnover rates than younger workers.
false
Older workers have lower performance than younger workers.
false
One aspect of gender role socialization is that the process socializes people to consider jobs outside of the traditional careers for men and for women.
false
People of the same faith will all have the same level of religiosity.
false
People with no religious beliefs are not protected from discrimination at work.
false
Quid pro quo harassment includes such things as jokes and photographs.
false
Race-coded job channeling means that employers steer applicants to certain jobs according to employer preferences for Whites in certain positions and minorities in others based on the applicants' interests, skills, or experience.
false
Researchers estimate that about 40% of business establishments have no minority workers.
false
Researchers have found that multi-racial adults feel that their experiences with discrimination due to being multi-racial makes them less open to other cultures.
false
Rigidity refers to fluctuations in work hours by week, time of day, and length of shift.
false
Since Title VII has been in existence for decades, disparate treatment is now extremely rare in organizations.
false
The ADEA prohibits terminating older workers for declining performance.
false
The Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act of 2008 greatly narrows the definition of a disability.
false
The Hispanic market has become of less interest to firms due to declining buying power.
false
The Pregnancy Discrimination Act requires employers to provide maternity leave and benefits for pregnant women.
false
The United Kingdom has laws that have been very effective in keeping unemployment among people with disabilities at about the same level as it is for people without disabilities.
false
The great majority of men in the U.S. are employed in a small number of occupational groups, referred to as "crowding".
false
The majority of Native Americans live on reservations.
false
The majority of women with small children leave the workforce to stay at home .
false
The role of "choice" in jobs occupied by men and women increases the effectiveness of the Equal Pay Act and other laws against pay discrimination.
false
The term "Native American" is often construed as more appropriate, and the term "American Indian" is not commonly used by members of the group themselves.
false
The unemployment rate for White Americans is double than that for Black Americans.
false
The youngest workers, ages 14 to 17, experience sexual harassment at higher rates than older workers.
false
Thin people are always in better health than fat people.
false
Through affirmative action, employers use quotas and timetables to reduce imbalances in the representation of underrepresented groups.
false
To be covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act, a person must be qualified to perform the essential functions of the job without accommodations.
false
Underemployment refers to when very few minorities are able to find a job.
false
Unlike Black and Hispanic women, Asian women rarely experience racialized sexual harassment.
false
Until 1994, Native Americans born in the U.S. were not U.S. citizens.
false
When Black parents engage in racial socialization, they usually decrease the ability of their Black children to handle discrimination in an effective manner.
false
The "value in diversity" perspective leads to
greater organizational competitiveness.
The Family and Medical Leave Act
has been criticized for multiple reasons including the lack of paid leave.
In the U.S., national origin discrimination
has been on the increase recently.
Frank McCloskey, Vice President of Georgia Power from 2000 to 2010,
has been recognized for his efforts promoting diversity.
The Black population
has held fairly steady for the past few decades
In empirical research on access to employment, researchers found that
having higher quality resumes did not increase the number of callbacks for Black applicants compared to White applicants.
In terms of sexual harassment,
having women managers reduces hostile environment harassment and quid pro quo harassment.
Strategies to reduce the propensity to engage in in-group, out-group categorizations include
helping group members work to achieve common goals.
According to the text, characteristics of minority or non-dominant groups often include
identifiability, differential power, discrimination, and group awareness.
When it comes to attracting and retaining employees from various backgrounds,
if an organization develops a reputation for valuing all types of workers, this will increase the organization's ability to compete for employees.
To obtain information on eligibility to work, it is preferable for employers to ask
if applicants are over 18 or the required age minimum of a particular job (e.g., bartender).
Asian Americans' employment experiences
include being steered to jobs deemed appropriate for them.
Immigration laws that affected Asians
included the Chinese Exclusion Act.
Education and type of employment lead logically to which of the following?
income
Australia's Age Discrimination Act
is designed to reduce, and ultimately eliminate both younger and older age discrimination.
Elder care
is often combined with childcare, creating the "sandwich generation" of care providers.
"New racism"
is the belief that Blacks have attained excessive, unfair gains through programs such as affirmative action.
The White population in the U.S.
is the largest proportion of the population of all racial and ethnic groups.
The fundamental attribution error
is the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when evaluating the behavior of others.
The Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act of 2008
makes it easier for those seeking protection to establish the existence of a disability.
The wages of gay men
may be affected by gay men being channeled into particular positions.
Aversive racism
may be more difficult to identify and change than traditional racism.
Which of the following is true of research about weight?
not----Overweight children view social discrimination as a distant consequence of their weight.
Which of the following is true of overweight and obesity at work?
not----Overweight is correctly associated with negative personal attributes.
Which of the following is true of Asians?
not----The perceptions of language barriers contribute to Asians' progress.
Discrimination against customers can be avoided by profiling those from groups who are likely to be "typical" shoplifters. has no effects on organizations' ability to market to diverse customer groups. is a thing of the past; organizations no longer practice this costly behavior. can result in lost business from customers from diverse backgrounds.
not----has no effects on organizations' ability to market to diverse customer groups.****can result in lost business from customers from diverse backgrounds.
In terms of marketing efforts for customers with disabilities,
not----organizations have long recognized the market potential of customers with disabilities.
Which of the following statements is true about Hispanic women at work?
not---Hispanic women tend to work in male-dominated positions with other women of color.
Which of the following is true of training older workers?
not---Older workers are often believed to be likely to retire soon, and this may affect organizations' willingness to invest training dollars in older workers.
In the research on the effects of diversity on judges and on judicial decisions, researchers found that
not---White judges were more likely than Black judges to rule in favor of the employee in racial harassment cases.
The portrayal of Asians as the "model minority"
not---emphasizes differences among Asians and the barriers they face.
The Equal Pay Act of 1963
not---has been improved by sex segregation and exceptions due to merit and seniority.
Racial and religious discrimination
not---of any type is illegal under all circumstances in all organizations, including religious institutions.
Discrimination
not--at work, in one form or another, occurs in limited places throughout the world.
If overweight employees experience discrimination,
not--they have no legal recourse because laws do not protect overweight employees.
Which of the following is true regarding the treatment of overweight people in organizations?
not-Employers may make virtually any decision they desire since weight is not directly covered under legislation.
Disparate impact
occurs when an apparently neutral policy has the effect of discrimination against certain groups.
Disparate treatment
occurs when an employee or applicant is treated differently because they are part of a protected category.
In implementing non-discriminatory policies toward sexual minorities at work,
organizations should be prepared for resistance from many stakeholders.
Research studies on obesity and healthcare have found that
overweight people are less likely to receive preventive care than others.
Racial profiling and customer abuse and mistreatment
partly result from poor management practices and a lack of supervision.
In the DuPont study of performance ratings of people with disabilities,
people with disabilities had average or above average ratings of performance, attendance, and safety.
Diversity in sexual orientation in the military has been controversial because some believed that it would result in
reduced cohesion.
Undue hardship
refers to insignificant difficulty or expense relative to the resources of the employer.
The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act
restores the pre-Ledbetter position that restarts the clock with each paycheck.
Research on White identity development indicates that
symbolic White identity development is associated with negative outcomes.
Marginal functions are those
that are secondary to the function of the job.
Individual benefits of working and learning in diverse environments that have been documented by researchers include
the ability to take the perspective of others.
White privilege refers to all of the following except:
the benefit of positive stereotypes about non-White workers.
Regarding sexual harassment,
the best prescription for sexual harassment may be one of prevention rather than remediation.
Statistics about disabilities indicate that
the employment rate for people with disabilities is considerably less than the rate for people without disabilities.
In research involving matched pairs of Black and White applicant testers to investigate the effects of having a criminal record on job search outcomes,
the negative effect of having a criminal record on job opportunities was 40% larger for Blacks than for Whites.
In terms of Hispanic immigrants,
the number of immigrants coming to the United States is now less than the number coming from Asia.
Social identity is
the part of a person's self-concept that derives from membership in a particular social group.
About 8% of the foreign-born population in the U.S. is Black.
true
Age discrimination against younger workers is generally legal.
true
Although Whites are members of the dominant racial group, they may also belong to non-dominant groups.
true
Although they experience individual and institutional inequity, Whites from lower SES-backgrounds experience advantages over non-Whites .
true
An example of a discrimination system is how differential treatment in the justice system then affects the ability to obtain employment
true
Anti-Arab and anti-Muslim stereotypes are often based on erroneous assumptions.
true
Asian American consumers sometimes experience racial micro aggressions .
true
Asian Americans are less likely to be promoted to management than Black and Latino Americans in technical fields.
true
Asians who come to the U.S. are more likely to become naturalized citizens than immigrants from any other country.
true
Asking "where are you from" is a common type of micro aggression against Asian Americans.
true
Aversive racism continues to affect Black applicants, employees, and customers.
true
Avoiding lawsuits is an insufficient rationale for pursing diversity.
true
BFOQs that are age-related and legal may result in the loss of individuals who are extremely capable and competent.
true
Because Puerto Rico is a U.S. territory, those born there are U.S. citizens.
true
Because managers at all levels affect diversity issues, top managers, even those who are removed from the day-to-day activities, are integral to the success of diversity measures.
true
Benevolent sexism is detrimental to women, even though it is termed "benevolent."
true
Combating multi-racial discrimination requires individual and organizational commitment and not simply compliance with the laws.
true
Compared to many other nations, the monolingualism of the majority of the U.S. population is uncommon.
true
Compared with women with less education, women with higher education are more likely to be in the workforce even if they have very young children.
true
Cracker Barrel has had problems with discrimination against gay and lesbian employees and Black customers.
true
Despite the amount of media attention focusing on lawsuits and damage settlements, an organization's likelihood of being sued is relatively small.
true
Discrimination and stereotypes on the basis of age affect older and younger workers.
true
Disparate treatment on the basis of sex occurs when an applicant or employee is intentionally treated differently because of their sex.
true
Diversity-related work refers to jobs without diversity in the job title but that have job duties related to the diversity, equity, and inclusion fields.
true
Employers may find unintended positive outcomes result from efforts to remove discriminatory barriers to employment.
true
Employers who express preferences for Hispanic immigrant workers tend to pay less than employers who do not express such preferences.
true
Equity refers to the distribution and provision of resources to achieve a fair or just outcome.
true
Eradicating discrimination would benefit individuals, organizations, the economy, and society.
true
Gay, lesbian, and heterosexual employees are more committed to organizations in which sexual orientation discrimination is not tolerated.
true
Gender is the social construction of how males and females are or should behave.
true
Group awareness for people with disabilities is affected by the variety in types of disabilities.
true
Hispanics are diverse in education, language fluency, background, and experiences.
true
Hispanics can be classified as White, Black, or Asian.
true
Hispanics now comprise about 20% of the U.S. population.
true
Hostile sexism is antipathy toward women based on faulty and inflexible generalizations.
true
Inter-ethnic employment discrimination is defined as discrimination between non-White racial and ethnic groups.
true
It is generally illegal for employers to require employees to speak English at all times while on work premises.
true
Lack of job autonomy and advancement at work have been associated with stress and high blood pressure for Blacks.
true
Like other discrimination, perceived weight discrimination is related to negative health among those who experience it.
true
Many diversity concerns are common to nations around the world.
true
More Asian Americans are immigrants than Hispanic Americans.
true
Most accommodations for workers with disabilities cost little .
true
Multiple audit studies conducted in major U.S. cities confirm that Whites are preferred in the workplace over similarly qualified Blacks and Latinos.
true
Native Americans who have lived primarily on reservation or trust lands will have different experiences than those who have lived elsewhere.
true
On average, gays and lesbians have similar education levels to heterosexuals.
true
One reason why employers might assist Hispanics in learning English is that they often have dangerous jobs.
true
Organizations with inclusive LGBTQ policies financially outperform competitors with less inclusive policies.
true
Part-time work is associated with fewer job rewards and shorter career ladders.
true
People with disabilities have similar performance to people without disabilities
true
Practicing inclusion and fairness toward sexual minorities can be of benefit to individuals and organizations.
true
Racial classifications in the U.S. census for people of Asian descent have changed multiple times.
true
Racial profiling by police occurs against Latinos, Blacks, Asians, and other people of color in the U.S.
true
Removing name and sex-identifying information from resumes may be helpful in reducing discrimination.
true
Research has found that people who perceived sexual orientation discrimination in their workplace had more negative job attitudes and lower satisfaction.
true
Sexual harassment is similar in structure, type, and negative consequences for women regardless of where the harassment occurs.
true
Supposedly positive stereotypes of Asian Americans affect their representation in higher-level organizational positions.
true
The "don't ask, don't tell" policy of the U.S. military was passed as a compromise when resistance mounted to President Clinton's initial plans to repeal the ban on gay and lesbian members of the military.
true
The 2000 Census was the first time that people could report belonging to two or more races, and nearly 7 million people in the U.S. did so .
true
The Chinese Inclusion Act was the first federal legislation to bar immigrants based on national origin.
true
The FMLA has some obvious inadequacies.
true
The average earnings of transgender people who transitioned to male from being female (MTF) decreased.
true
The costs of doing a poor job in integrating workers from different backgrounds can be very high.
true
The earliest known ancestors of Mexican Americans arrived in what is now the U.S. long before European Americans.
true
The glass escalator is the rapid advancement of men working in female-dominated occupations into management, particularly men of color.
true
The retailer Abercrombie and Fitch has experienced problems with racially offensive merchandise.
true
The use of Native Americans as mascots for sports teams contributes to stereotyping and other negative outcomes.
true
There are strict guidelines prohibiting employers from asking about a job applicant's medical condition and disability prior to hiring them.
true
There is high turnover among chief diversity officers in the United States.
true
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act has been interpreted by the courts to cover gender identity .
true
U.S. Supreme Court decisions solidified the idea that the ADEA is designed specifically to protect older workers from discrimination in employment, even to the detriment of younger workers.
true
Weight discrimination can also result in discrimination against racial and ethnic minorities.
true
When bilingual employees are called upon to assist monolingual employees with their work tasks, this may reduce bilingual employees' work effectiveness.
true
When dealing with discrimination cases in organizations, the EEOC often targets multiple acts of discrimination.
true
White immigrants become insiders faster than immigrants of color
true
Women and men can deviate from gender norms but are penalized by society and organizations when they do so.
true
Women with similar or more education than men tend to have lower earnings and status than men, worldwide.
true
Women working full-time earn about 80 cents to the dollar earned by men who working full-time year-round.
true
Work and family issues for sexual minorities include additional, unique factors not experienced by heterosexual employees.
true
Younger workers are more likely to be laid off than older workers.
true
Younger workers have higher rates of injury and accidents at work than older workers.
true
People are most likely to view which of the following as being a condition that could be controlled but is not due to lack of self-discipline?
weight
