Division 3 Practice Test
A patient should receive a red tag if his or her respiratory rate is greater than _____ breaths/min. 15 30 20 25
30
A premature newborn is one that weighs less than ____ pounds or is delivered before ____ weeks of pregnancy. 6, 38 5, 36 6, 40 5½, 38
5, 36
Croup is an infection of the upper airway that occurs mainly in children between the ages of: -12 months and 8 years -6 months and 6 years -6 months and 10 years -1 month and 16 years
6 months and 6 years
If you are splashed in the face with blood or other fluids during the delivery of an infant, you should: -report the incident to your medical director -ask the mother if she has an infectious disease -get revaccinated against the hepatitis virus -stop what you are doing and contact a physician
Report the incident to your medical director
If, upon reaching a distressed swimmer, you find that he or she is in cardiac arrest, you should FIRST: -perform 2 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) before removing him or her from the water -immobilize the victim's entire spine before removal from the water -stabilize the head and neck and remove the victim from the water -place a long backboard under the victim and begin rescue breathing
Stabilize the head and neck and remove the victim from the water
At the scene of an ice rescue, personnel who are not directly involved in the rescue operation should: -leave the scene to get more help -provide support for the rescuers -leave the scene immediately -stay in a warm place until they are needed
Stay in a warm place until they are needed
Which of the following is NOT a below-ground confined space? -mines or wells -manholes -storage silos -vaults
Storage silos
When responding to a scene where multiple people are suffering from unexplained symptoms, the EMR should: -stay downwind and downhill from the scene when you arrive -wear a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) mask before arriving and treating patients -be most suspicious that the people were exposed to cyanide -suspect a common agent as the cause of the symptoms
Suspect a common agent as the cause of the symptoms
You should be MOST suspicious for child abuse if: -the injured child is very calm and is readily willing to tell you what happened to him or her -any child under 12 years of age experiences more than one injury within an 18-month period -the suspected abuser is younger than 21 years of age and did not graduate from high school -a child's injuries do not match the story you are told about how the injuries occurred
A child's injuries do not match the story you are told about how the injuries occurred
Minimal protective equipment that the emergency medical responder (EMR) should use during extrication includes: -thick glasses, a bunker coat, and gloves -a bunker coat, a helmet with a face shield, and gloves -safety goggles and sterile rubber gloves -a helmet with a face shield and gloves
A helmet with a face shield and gloves
According to the START triage system, assessment of a patient's mental status is conducted after: -he or she has been fully triaged and assigned a priority tag -a more detailed assessment reveals a closed head injury -adequate breathing and circulation have been established -you have restored effective breathing by opening the airway
Adequate breathing and circulation have been established
A 4-year-old girl ingested a bottle of aspirin approximately 30 minutes ago. She is conscious and alert but complains that her stomach hurts. The child's mother tells you that she does not think her daughter ingested anything else. The poison control center will MOST likely request that you: -dilute the poison by giving her milk -induce vomiting with syrup of ipecac -transport the child -administer 12.5 grams of activated charcoal
Administer 12.5 grams of activated charcoal
The MOST common cause of dementia in the elderly is: -Alzheimer disease -progressive senility -Parkinson's disease -a massive stroke
Alzheimer disease
Common hazards found at automobile crash scenes involve all of the following, EXCEPT: -an abundance of rescue personnel -heavy traffic and bystanders -spilled gasoline or hazardous materials -downed electrical power lines
An abundance of rescue personnel
What are the components of the PAT? -pulse rate, blood pressure, and pupil reaction to light -work of breathing, appearance, and skin condition -appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation -skin circulation, respiratory rate, and blood pressure
Appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation
If you must enter the water to rescue a distressed person, it is MOST important that you: -wait until the victim is submerged before entering -get only as close as necessary to throw a flotation device -are a capable swimmer who is properly trained -remove any encumbering clothing first
Are a capable swimmer who is properly trained
If, upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, other emergency vehicles and personnel are already present, you should: -ask them where you should park your vehicle -turn off your emergency lights immediately -park as close to the crashed vehicle as you can -park your vehicle 500′ (152 m) away from the scene
Ask them where you should park your vehicle
You are dispatched to a residence for a possible miscarriage. Your patient, a 19-year-old woman, is lying on the couch. She tells you that she is 24 weeks pregnant, and that when she went to the bathroom, she passed what looked like a fetus. After confirming her finding, you should: -immediately elevate her legs, apply oxygen if it is available, and inspect her vagina for bleeding -tell her that you are sorry for her loss and have a friend or family member transport her to the hospital -assess her for signs of shock, provide emotional support, and arrange for prompt transport -notify law enforcement, retrieve the fetus from the toilet, and turn it over to the police
Assess her for signs of shock, provide emotional support, and arrange for prompt transport
Approximately 20 patients were injured when a building exploded. After assessing a young woman with a respiratory rate of 24 breaths/min and a strong radial pulse, you should: -assess her mental status -administer 100% oxygen -move to the next patient -place a yellow tag on her
Assess her mental status
The FIRST step in the process of extrication involves: -providing initial emergency medical care -assessing the scene and requesting help -stabilizing the scene and removing any hazard -immediately disentangling the patients
Assessing the scene and requesting help
Which of the following statements regarding pediatric asthma is FALSE? -Asthma produces a characteristic wheezing sound -Asthma is rare during the first year of life -Children with asthma often take prescription drugs -Asthma is common in patients younger than 1 year
Asthma is common in patients younger than 1 year
During your assessment of a newborn's pulse, you note that it is 50 beats/min. You should: -provide rescue breathing -begin chest compressions -wrap the infant in a blanket -clamp the umbilical cord
Begin chest compressions
Dizziness, difficulty speaking and seeing, and a decreased level of consciousness are signs that air bubbles have affected the: -lungs and heart -brain or spinal cord -eyes and upper airway -throat and lower airway
Brain or spinal cord
Most fatalities and serious injuries sustained in HazMat incidents result from: -internal bleeding -breathing problems -severe thermal burns -acute cardiac problems
Breathing problems
After ensuring an open airway, your next priority after gaining access to a patient who is entrapped in his or her vehicle is to: -apply a cervical collar -control any severe bleeding -maintain body temperature -provide psychological support
Control any severe bleeding
According to the START triage system, a green tag is used to identify those who: -are dead or have obviously fatal injuries -can have care delayed for up to 6 hours -require immediate care to prevent death -can have care delayed for up to 3 hours
Can have care delayed for up to 3 hours
Which of the following medical conditions cause the MOST number of deaths in the elderly population? -respiratory diseases and diabetes -cancer and cardiovascular diseases -Parkinson's disease and diabetes -cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases
Cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases
Counting a child's respirations for less than 30 seconds can cause inaccurate results because: -children primarily breathe through the nose -crying interferes with a child's breathing -children often breathe irregularly -a child's respiratory rate is usually rapid
Children often breathe irregularly
Which of the following statements regarding shock in children is correct? -Children progress into severe shock over a prolonged period -Children often do not show signs of shock as early as adults do -Children can effectively communicate the symptoms of shock -The symptoms of shock in children are different from the symptoms in adults
Children often do not show signs of shock as early as adults do
Which of the following statements regarding shock in children is correct? -The symptoms of shock in children are different from the symptoms in adults -Children can effectively communicate the symptoms of shock -Children progress into severe shock over a prolonged period -Children often do not show signs of shock as early as adults do
Children often do not show signs of shock as early as adults do
When performing your primary assessment of an elderly patient who fell at home, it is MOST important to: -consider that a medical condition may have caused the fall -locate a member of the patient's family as soon as possible -suspect abuse if the patient has experienced a major fracture -educate the patient about safety precautions in the home
Consider that a medical condition may have caused the fall
Which of the following statements regarding twins is correct? -The mother will always be able to tell you if she is having twins -Contractions usually do not cease between deliveries of the infants -Delivery of the second infant occurs no differently from the first -The majority of twins will deliver within 1 to 2 hours of each other
Delivery of the second infant occurs no differently from the first
If you suspect that an infant has an airway obstruction, you should FIRST: -look for an object in the mouth -activate EMS and begin CPR -deliver five back slaps and reassess -determine if there is any air exchange
Determine if there is any air exchange
Signs of a severe (complete) airway obstruction in a child include all of the following, EXCEPT: -a silent cough -difficulty speaking -little or no air movement -increased breathing difficulty
Difficulty speaking
You arrive at the scene of a 30-year-old woman in active labor. Responding paramedics are approximately 10 minutes away. During your assessment of the patient, you see part of the umbilical cord protruding from the vagina. You should: -place the mother on her left side and give oxygen if it is available -advise the mother to stop pushing and wait for the paramedics to arrive -cover the cord with a dry dressing and update the paramedics -elevate the mother's hips and keep the protruding cord moist
Elevate the mother's hips and keep the protruding cord moist
Specific causes of cardiopulmonary arrest in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: -head injury -poisonings -suffocation -emphysema
Emphysema
You are assisting a woman in labor who is 35 weeks pregnant. After delivering the newborn, you ensure adequate breathing and circulation. You should next: -clamp and cut the umbilical cord -ensure that the newborn is warm -assist with delivery of the placenta -administer oxygen to the mother
Ensure that the newborn is warm
When assessing the pulse rate of a child younger than 1 year, you should: -locate the carotid artery -count for at least 2 minutes -expect it to be irregular -feel for the brachial pulse
Feel for the brachial pulse
Which of the following is NOT a major area addressed within the scope of NIMS? -Command -Financial Aid -Preparedness -Resource Management
Financial Aid
The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to: -definitively rule out any serious illness or injury -perform a quick hands-on physical examination -form a quick impression using sight and hearing -determine if a paramedic ambulance is required
Form a quick impression using sight and hearing
Your main priority when responding to any emergency scene is to: -use a police escort vehicle -get there safely and quickly -request a paramedic ambulance -use your lights and siren
Get there safely and quickly
Effective ways of communicating with a hearing-impaired person include all of the following, EXCEPT: -writing down your questions on paper -identifying yourself and speaking slowly -getting close to the person's ear and shouting -facing the person and maintaining eye contact
Getting close to the person's ear and shouting
The National Incident Management System (NIMS) was designed to: -deal with the long- and short-term effects of a nuclear attack that is launched against the United States by a terrorist organization -handle the immediate response, mitigation, and long-term recovery of small and massive natural and man-made incidents -prepare for fires, flood, hurricanes, and tornadoes by conducting annual practice exercises and identifying deficiencies in advance -notify the general public that a terrorist attack is imminent and to provide the public with clear, concise instructions on what to do
Handle the immediate response, mitigation, and long-term recovery of small and massive natural and man-made incidents
As a child's body temperature rises: -his or her heart rate increases -he or she becomes less restless -he or she usually stops sweating -his or her skin becomes pale
His or her heart rate increases
Ecoterrorists would MOST likely target: -housing developments -underground tunnels -the Washington Monument -a large bridge
Housing developments
Upon entering the residence of an elderly woman who complains of nausea and weakness, you see a pair of eyeglasses on an adjacent end table and a small dog sitting calmly near the patient. As you approach the patient, you should: -place her glasses on her to improve her vision -introduce yourself and ask her if she can see -conclude that she is blind and keep her calm -remove the dog and begin your assessment
Introduce yourself and ask her if she can see
A child with a heart rate less than 60 beats/min should receive chest compressions and rescue breathing if he or she: -has a history of cardiac arrest -has a mild airway obstruction -has a breathing rate of 30 breaths/min -is unresponsive and cyanotic
Is unresponsive and cyanotic
Which of the following statements regarding CPR on an unresponsive infant with a severe airway obstruction is correct? -A single rescuer should perform CPR for 5 minutes before activating EMS -CPR is not as effective as chest thrusts in relieving a severe airway obstruction -It has the same effect as administering chest thrusts on a responsive infant -CPR is performed only on infants who are not breathing and without a pulse
It has the same effect as administering chest thrusts on a responsive infant
Which of the following statements regarding the bag of waters is correct? -It provides nutrients to the fetus during its development -It usually breaks toward the end of the first stage of labor -At the end of pregnancy, it should contain no fluid -In most cases, it breaks during the delivery of the infant
It usually breaks toward the end of the first stage of labor
In addition to the amount of property damage and number of lives lost, the success of terrorist events is measured by the: -nationality of the terrorist group -financial burden placed on the target -type of destructive device utilized -level of intimidation produced
Level of intimidation produced
An elderly person who is hearing-impaired: -usually experiences a loss of hearing of high and low frequencies -usually is able to understand you if you elevate the tone of your voice -may be able to hear a low-pitched voice but not a high-pitched voice -usually can read lips easily and can communicate effectively with you
May be able to hear a low-pitched voice but not a high-pitched voice
CPR for a 6-month-old differs from that for a 20-year-old in that: -you compress the chest with the heel of one of your hands -the chest is compressed to a depth of ¾" (1.9 cm) -you should check for a carotid, radial, or femoral pulse -mouth-to-mouth-and-nose ventilations are performed
Mouth-to-mouth-and-nose ventilations are performed
When treating a child with suspected heatstroke, it is important to: -cool the child until he or she shivers -not allow the child to become chilled -lower the body temperature slowly -obtain his or her body temperature
Not allow the child to become chilled
To determine whether the infant's head is crowning, you must: -observe the vaginal opening during a contraction -look for the head after a contraction -ask the mother to take slow breaths -ask the mother to stop pushing
Observe the vaginal opening during a contraction
Suicide in the elderly population: -occurs most frequently in men and results in more deaths per attempt because they choose more lethal means than do younger patients -is more common in women than in men and usually is the result of intentional overdose of medications used to treat multiple medical conditions -occurs infrequently because most elderly patients are incapacitated and cannot acquire the means with which to end their own lives -is the leading cause of death in patients older than 65 years and occurs with much greater frequency in women with a chronic disease
Occurs most frequently in men and results in more deaths per attempt because they choose more lethal means than do younger patients
During delivery of the infant, the mother is usually MOST comfortable: -on her back with her knees bent and legs up and apart -on her back with her legs straight and spread apart -on her side with her legs straight and slightly spread -on her side with her knees bent and her legs slightly open
On her back with her knees bent and legs up and apart
You are caring for a patient with signs of decompression sickness. Prior to EMS arrival, you should place the patient: -on the left side with the head slightly lowered -in a supine position with the head elevated 90° -in a prone position with the legs elevated 6" to 12" (15.2 to 30.4 cm) -on the right side with the head slightly elevated
On the left side with the head slightly lowered
The egg matures in the: -ovary -vagina -fallopian tube -uterus
Ovary
In addition to the contents of a standard prepackaged OB kit, you should also have: -sanitary pads -a towel for the infant -oxygen if it is available -a sterile scalpel
Oxygen if it is available
Most partial (mild) airway obstructions in children that are not caused by a foreign body can be corrected by: -performing back slaps and chest compressions -delivering a series of 5 to 10 abdominal thrusts -suctioning the mouth for up to 5 seconds -performing the head tilt-chin lift maneuver
Performing the head tilt-chin lift maneuver
Following delivery of the placenta, the mother continues to bleed heavily from the vagina, despite uterine massage. Her skin is cool and moist, and her pulse is weak and rapid. You should: -carefully pack her vagina with sterile gauze pads, elevate her legs, and arrange for transport -continue massaging the uterus, place a blanket over her, and give her sips of water -insert one sterile gauze pad into her vagina, treat her for shock, and administer oxygen -place a sanitary pad over her vagina, elevate her legs, and arrange for immediate transport
Place a sanitary pad over her vagina, elevate her legs, and arrange for immediate transport
Which of the following is generally NOT a factor that is measured when determining a child's work of breathing? -flaring of the nostrils -abnormal positioning -regularity of breathing -retractions of the chest
Regularity of breathing
Because many elderly patients have a weakened immune system, they are especially susceptible to: -pneumonia -heart failure -emphysema -high blood pressure
Pneumonia
An expectant mother is 39 weeks pregnant. She tells you that she is having strong contractions and feels like she needs to move her bowels. You should: -ask a female to escort her to the bathroom -ask her to hold her breath during contractions -suspect that the infant is in a breech position -prepare for imminent delivery of the infant
Prepare for imminent delivery of the infant
The purpose of triage is to: -determine the number of deceased patients -prioritize patients by order of injury severity -rapidly identify all noninjured patients -transport the most critically injured patients
Prioritize patients by order of injury severity
The MOST effective way to minimize the incidence of elder abuse is to: -arrange for the suspected abuser to get psychological assistance -ask the suspected abuser if the injury was intentionally inflicted -physically remove the patient from the abusive environment -promptly report its signs and symptoms to the proper authorities
Promptly report its signs and symptoms to the proper authorities
Hospice programs are designed to: -ensure that terminally ill patients receive adequate pain relief by administering medications through an intravenous (IV) line -provide pain relief and other supportive care to patients experiencing a terminal condition -rehabilitate elderly patients who are temporarily incapacitated by minor illnesses or injuries -provide around-the-clock care to terminally ill patients who remain in the hospital for a long time
Provide pain relief and other supportive care to patients experiencing a terminal condition
Upon entering the residence of a 10-month-old boy, the mother tells you that her son would not wake up from his nap. After determining that the infant is unresponsive, you should: -immediately apply the AED and deliver a shock if indicated -quickly visualize the chest for signs of adequate breathing -begin CPR, starting with chest compressions, and apply the AED -open the airway and look, listen, and feel for breathing
Quickly visualize the chest for signs of adequate breathing
If you are splashed in the face with blood or other fluids during the delivery of an infant, you should: -report the incident to your medical director -get revaccinated against the hepatitis virus -stop what you are doing and contact a physician -ask the mother if she has an infectious disease
Report the incident to your medical director
You arrive at the scene of a commercial bus wreck shortly after it occurred. The scene is safe and there is no gas leakage or odor. Most of the patients are out of the bus, but some are still inside and are apparently entrapped. Based on an estimate of 35 patients, you should: -begin triaging the patients to determine the severity of their injuries and then call for an additional five ambulances -quickly move all of the obviously dead patients to a discreet area, and ask all the walking wounded to move to a specific area -call for law enforcement for traffic control and immediately begin treating the most seriously injured patients first -request the fire department and seven ambulances and then begin triaging the patients to the best of your ability
Request the fire department and seven ambulances and then begin triaging the patients to the best of your ability
A breathing rate of fewer than 20 breaths/min in an infant or fewer than 10 breaths/min in a child indicates: -normal breathing -respiratory failure -severe airway obstruction -respiratory distress
Respiratory failure
Circulatory failure and cardiac arrest in children is MOST often the result of: -airway obstruction -a traumatic injury -respiratory failure -cardiac disease
Respiratory failure
All children involved in a submersion incident should be evaluated by a physician because: -fractures of the cervical spine are especially common in children -submersion in water causes permanent heart problems in children -many cases of submersion injury are associated with child abuse -respiratory problems can develop several hours after submersion
Respiratory problems can develop several hours after submersion
According to the START triage system, which of the following assessment findings would necessitate triaging a patient as a Priority One (red tag) status? -respiratory rate of 14 breaths/min, weak and irregular radial pulse, and not able to answer simple questions -absent respirations, a slow and weak carotid pulse, and unresponsive to all forms of stimuli -respiratory rate of 26 breaths/min, strong but slightly fast radial pulse, and alert to person, place, and event -respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min, strong and regular pulse, and concerned about his injured daughter
Respiratory rate of 14 breaths/min, weak and irregular radial pulse, and not able to answer simple questions
Despite resuctioning the newborn's mouth and nose, it has not taken its first breath. You should: -immediately clamp the umbilical cord -rub its back or flick the soles of its feet -provide three rescue breaths and reassess -wipe the infant's mouth out with gauze
Rub its back or flick the soles of its feet
Vehicles that are positioned upright on all four wheels following a crash: -should be assumed to be unstable -typically are safe for you to enter -are more likely to catch on fire -more than likely did not roll over
Should be assumed to be unstable
Shortly after returning from a call in which a young child was killed in an automobile accident, you begin experiencing significant anxiety and helplessness. You should: -contact the medical director and request a mild sedative drug -go home and get at least 10 to 12 hours of uninterrupted sleep -realize that it is part of your job and try to forget the incident -speak with a coworker or counselor regarding your feelings
Speak with a coworker or counselor regarding your feelings
Which of the following is NOT a key point to communicate to the dispatcher during your initial radio report upon arriving at the scene of a multiple-casualty incident? -approximate number of victims -type of assistance required -type and location of the incident -specific type of injuries involved
Specific type of injuries involved
Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? -The cause of SIDS remains unknown -It is often the result of child abuse -Most SIDS deaths are preceded by an illness -SIDS is the result of a congenital heart defect
The cause of SIDS remains unknown
During a breech birth: -the labor process speeds up significantly -the umbilical cord has a knot tied in it -the infant's head is not the presenting part -a limb is protruding from the vaginal opening
The infant's head is not the presenting part
Which of the following statements regarding pregnancy is correct? -First-time mothers will most likely deliver their infant outside a hospital -The number of previous pregnancies determines the exact length of labor -Women who have delivered several children can usually reach a hospital -The length of labor is often longer in women who are first-time mothers
The length of labor is often longer in women who are first-time mothers
Even with complete dispatch information regarding a motor vehicle crash, you will NOT be able to determine: -the presence of hazardous materials -the number of bystanders present -if any of the patients are entrapped -the types of vehicles involved
The number of bystanders present
Which of the following is an advantage of using a helicopter during an emergency? -They usually carry an emergency physician on board -They can respond quickly above traffic congestion -They save an average of 45 minutes when requested early -They are not limited by bad weather or visibility
They can respond quickly above traffic congestion
Elder abuse is hard to detect because: -the patient's injuries are often attributed to falls and other age-related mechanisms of injury -those at highest risk are also isolated from public view if they are confined to their homes or an assisted care facility -emergency care providers often perform an incomplete physical examination of the patient and tend to overlook the injuries -the abuser usually inflicts injuries to areas of the patient's body where healthcare providers are least likely to look
Those at highest risk are also isolated from public view if they are confined to their homes or an assisted care facility
Seizures caused by high fever in children: -occur in about 30% of all children -usually last about 20 seconds -are often life threatening -do not result in loss of consciousness
Usually last about 20 seconds
After the umbilical cord stops pulsating, you should: -keep the newborn higher than the level of the vagina -accurately document the time the infant was born -tie it with a sterile material and cut it in two places -tie it with gauze between the mother and newborn
Tie it with gauze between the mother and newborn
If the newborn does not begin to breathe on its own following delivery, you should first: -begin mouth-to-mask breathing by providing two gentle puffs -vigorously dry the infant with warm towels for at least 30 seconds -tilt its head down and to the side to facilitate mucus drainage -check the brachial pulse to see if it is greater than 100 beats/minv
Tilt its head down and to the side to facilitate mucus drainage
In relation to the rest of a child's body, the: -head is relatively smaller -upper airway is more rigid -airway is proportional -tongue is relatively larger
Tongue is relatively larger
The best route to take when responding to an emergency call should depend on: -the weather forecast for that day -the severity of the patient's condition -traffic patterns and the time of day -the number of other units responding
Traffic patterns and the time of day
The leading cause of death in children is: -gunshot wounds -submersion incidents -toxic ingestion -trauma
Trauma
Your overview of an accident scene should begin: -once you know how many patients are involved -upon arrival but before exiting your vehicle -after you have donned protective equipment -upon exiting your emergency response vehicle
Upon arrival but before exiting your vehicle
Which of the following factors does NOT affect the injury pattern experienced by a child during an automobile crash? -proper use of seatbelts -airbag deployment -use of alcohol by the driver -use of child safety seats
Use of alcohol by the driver
Metabolic agents affect the body's ability to: -produce effective white blood cells -sustain adequate levels of insulin -effectively utilize glucose -use oxygen at the cellular level
Use oxygen at the cellular level
A 40-year-old man is trapped in a below-grade manure pit. You should attempt to rescue him ONLY if: -fire department personnel are at the scene and are prepared to rescue you -he has been trapped for more than 45 minutes and you have a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) mask -a specialized rescue team will not arrive for at least another 30 minutes -you are properly trained and have a self-contained breathing apparatus
You are properly trained and have a self-contained breathing apparatus