DNA and Replication Quiz [(Bio) P.8 - P.9]

A particular DNA molecule contains 10,000 base pairs . How many base pairs will be in each of the two new strands formed during DNA replication?

20,000 base pairs (total), 10,000 in each.

The type of bonds between the bases and between the backbone and the base

Hydrogen bonds (base to base), and Covalent (phosphate and sugar)

Function of DNA

Stores genetic information

What type of biological molecule is DNA helicase?

An enzyme/protein

What bases pair together (base-pairing rule)?

Base Adenine pairs with Base Thymine (sometimes Uracil) | Base Guanine pairs with Base Cytosine (During RNA, Adenine pairs with uracil)

How to replicate DNA...

DNA helicase separate the two complementary strands strands of DNA, forming replication forks. At the replication fork, DNA polymerases add nitrogenous bases to each strand, forming two new DNA molecules. Nitrogenous bases continue to be added until the entire DNA strand has been copied. Two new DNA molecules form. Each is identical to the other and to the original DNA molecule.

Parts of DNA and a nucleotide

Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base

Semi-conservative replication

Each half of an original DNA molecule serves as a template for a new strand, and the two new DNA molecules each have one old and one new strand.

Who found that the bases paired together?

Erwin Chargaff

How does the shape of a prokaryotic chromosome compare to the shape of a eukaryotic chromosome?

Prokaryotic chromosomes are round compared to eukaryotic chromosomes, which are straight

How do you calculate the number of each base?

The correct complementary pair has the same percentages

The function of DNA helicase

To "unzip"/ unwind the strand of DNA, preparing it to be copied

The function of DNA polymerase

To make DNA from nucleotides

The purpose of replicating DNA

To produce two identical copies of a DNA molecule and cell division to ensure that each new cell receives its own copy of the DNA