DNA Questions AP Bio Review

Three nucleotides code for:

1 amino acid

In RNA, _____ codon(s) translate to ______ amino acid(s).

1 codon, 1 amino acid

If a DNA molecule is found to be composed of 40% thymine, what percentage of guanine would be expected.

10%

DNA replication results in:

2 DNA molecules that each contain a strand of the original

How many different amino acids are there?

20

Proteins contain ____ different amino acids, whereas DNA and RNA are composed of ___ different nucleotides.

20, 4

The diploid cells of an animal have 44 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would you expect to find in the animal's sperm cells?

22

After examining a karyotype of an animal, a researcher counts 50 individual chromosomes of varying sizes. How many homologs are in the karyotype?

25

How many different codons are possible?

64

The base pair rules states that:

A pairs with T, G pairs with C

Once transcription has been completed, which of the following is NOT necessary for protein synthesis to occur? tRNA ribosomes mRNA DNA

DNA

The element that transformed the bacteria in Griffith's experiments was:

DNA

Which of the following must happen first in order for DNA replication to occur? DNA polymerase binds to the leading strand DNA is unwound Hydrogen bonds form between bases chromosomes condense

DNA is unwound

What was the overall conclusion of the Hershey-Chase experiment?

DNA was responsible for heredity

The Hershey-Chase research showed that:

DNA was the molecule of heredity

A DNA strand has the following bases: A A G C C A. What are the bases on its complimentary strand?

TTCGGT

The two men who established the structure of DNA were:

Watson & Crick

A nucleotide consists of:

a nitrogen base, sugar, and phosphate

Chromosomes are paired together based on their: size banding pattern centromere location all of these

all of these

Which of the following is required for DNA replication to occur? DNA helicase DNA ligase DNA polymerase all of these

all of these

Down's Syndome occurs when an invidual has:

an extra chromosome 21

Which site of the tRNA molecule binds to the mRNA molecule?

anti codon

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of the sides of the DNA molecule?

antiparallel

Translation begins:

at the start codon

What did Frederick Griffith's discover?

bacteria could transform

The "rungs" of the DNA ladder are made of:

bases

In order to transform to a virulent form of bacteria, non encapsulated bacteria must:

be exposed to killed capsulated bacteria

The 5' and 3' numbers are related to the:

carbon rings in sugar

The three nucleotide sequence on RNA is called a:

codon

The purpose of mitosis is to:

create new cells

A stretch of chromosome that codes for a trait can be called a(n):

gene

The enzymes that break hydrogen bonds and unwind DNA are:

helicase

The DNA molecule is held together by:

hydrogen bonds

Okazaki fragments form on the:

lagging strand

Which of the following is NOT a necessary component of translation? anticodon mRNA ligase amino acid

ligase

Which of the following takes the genetic code from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

mRNA

Which of the following takes the genetic code to the cytoplasm: DNA deoxyribose tRNA mRNA

mRNA

Transcription results in:

messenger RNA

Chromosomes line up on the equator during:

metaphase

During replication, what enzyme adds complimentary bases?

polymerase

Before the Hershey-Chase experiment, many scientists believed that ____ carried the hereditary information.

proteins

In the Hershey Chase Experiment, DNA was labeled with ____, and bacteriophage protein was labeled with _____.

radioactive phosphorous, radioactive sulfer

Okazaki fragments occur during:

replication

The sugar in RNA is _____, the sugar in DNA is _______

ribose, deoxyribose

A gene is:

segment of DNA that codes for a protein

The outside of the DNA ladder (the legs) is composed of alternating ___ and phosphates.

sugars

The process by which RNA is made from DNA:

transcription

RNA is synthesized on a DNA template in a process called ______, which utilizes the enzyme _______

transcription, RNA polymerase

Amino acids are joined together into a protein chain by which of the following? transfer RNA DNA polymerase hydrogen bonds messenger RNA

transfer RNA

Which of the following is found on RNA but not DNA? uracil deoxyribose phosphate adenine

uracil