Driver's Education-Chapter 9 Natural Laws

momentum

Tendency of an object to stay in motion, or the inertia of an object in motion

Friction

The force between the tires and the road

Too much air

The tire is called Overinflation, which causes only the center of the tire to grip the ground, therefore the footprint is SMALLER and the tire will wear out more QuickLY

Grip

The traction of the tires enable your car, in order to slow your vehicle or move it forward

True or False, A SUV, pickups and vans have a higher center of gravity so they are less stable

True

Speed affects the force of impact

Try to reduce speed in an emergency

Roll

Vehicle that tip to the side, can cause the vehicle to __________The greater your speed, and the harder you steer

More stable center of gravity

Vehicles that are close to the ground are more stable and less likely to roll over

Headrests are designed to prevent

WHIPLASH injuries

Speed

Momentum increases with speed, thus more traction is needed

energy of motion

a moving object is called this or kinetic eergy

How to wear a safety belt

1. Adjust seat to upright position and make sure belt is not TWISTED 2. CLICK the safety belt latch into the buckle 3.Snug around hips, and touches the thighs 4.Adjust the shoulder belt snugly across your CHEST and COLLARBONE

Most efficient way to stop

A straight line which allows the braking fore to be distributed to all four tires

Blowout

A worn, bald tire is dangerous and will not grip a wet or icy road. Because it has no tread, the tire can be easily be punctured, when all the air escapes at once.

perception distance

About 3/4s of a second, is the distance your vehicle travels during your perception time

The time between impact and stopping affects the force of impact

Because a a vehicle suddenly hits a brick wall, major damage But if a vehicle is hits a barrels of sand or bushes before impact its a gradually process that can reduce injury

Other Protective Devices

Crush Zones Energy Absorbing Bumpers Side Impact Panels Penetration-resistant windshields Head Restraints

total stopping distance

Distance the car travels from the time you PERCEIVE the hazard to the full stop See figure 8, page 173

Doubling the weight

Doubles the energy of motion and stopping distance

Factors that affect braking

Driver ability Speed Vehicle Conditions Roadway surface Hills Weight of the vehicle's load

Proper Traction

Gives the maximum traction and maximizes the life of the tire.

Downhill

Gravity will make vehicle go FASTER

Tread

Grooved surface of a tire

Side Air BAGs

Protect the head and chest in a collision, especially to help ejection or a rollover

More traction

Is needed around sharp curves

BEFORE

It is best to check the tire pressure, always________start driving.

Doubling speed

Makes four times the energy of motion and the distance to STOP

Yaw

Occurs when a vehicle rotates clockwise or counterclockwise or does a complete spin.

Active Restraint Device

Safety belt, which distributes forces of rapid deceleration over larger and stronger parts of the body, usually is flexible and has a lap and should er strap

Faster

These cars have more momentum

Proper inflated tires

This is important for maintaining traction and control

Not enough air

This is under inflation, which causes the outside edge to provide traction

Pitch

Tilting motion from front to back, such as when you apply the brakes the motion shifts more weight onto the the front tires and less on the rear tires. But when you accelerate, more weight is out on the rear tires and less weight on the front. Changing wieght can increase or reduce traction

When air is COLDER

Tire pressure will drop

Passive Restraint Device

Works automatically is an airbag ( a balloon-type device that automatically inflates to protect you in a collision) also called FRONTAL AIR BAGS

Banked curve

a curve that is tilted on the outside (this type of curve allows the force of gravity to pull the vehicle downward and into the curve.

load

heavy load change the center of gravity and alters the weight distribution of the wheel. You should reduce speed when you are heavily loaded

Heavier weight creates

more damage in a collision

inertia

objects that are rest tend to stay at rest and objects that are moving tend to keep moving

gravity

the FORCE that pulls all things to EARTH

Braking distance

the distance your vehicle travels from the time you apply the brake until you stop. In order to stop your brakes MUST OVERCOME YOUR ENERgy OF MOTION. Braking distance is proportional to the square of your speed. Example 40MPH would be 4 times longer than traveling 20 miles per hour

Reaction Distance

the distance your vehicle travels while you react

Vehicle Balance

the distribution of a vehicle's weight on its tires as they contact the ground

Force of impact

the force with which a moving object hits another object Determined the force of IMPACT-SPEED Weight and Time between initial impact and stopping

Traction

the friction that results from the tire meeting the road surface

perception time

the length of time it take you to identify a Hazard, Predict a Conflict and Decide to brake

Reaction time

the length of time you take to APPLY the BRAKE

Weight and speed

the momentum of a vehicle depends on these two factors

Natural laws

the motion of your vehicle is subject to this scientific law

Center of gravity

the point around which an objects weight is evenly distributed

Inertia and Traction

the two forces that are applicable when you drive through a curve

The vehicle balance is affected

whenever a vehicle accelerates, brakes, or turns, the changing weight on each tires affects the balance

Hot temperatures

will INCREASE pressure and causes overinflation