Drugs

Heroin use has increased significantly over the past years

True

Ingesting opium gives a rapid, more intense and more addictive high than smoking opium. T/F

false

Pick the odd one... Methamphetamine Fentanyl Amphetamine Khat Cocaine

fentanyl

Instead of being stored in vesicles, endocannabinoids are rapidly synthesized when needed. T/F

true

True or False, Most marijuana laws only mention Cannabis sativa? (pg. 206, Text)

True

True or False, Spice, also called K2, is commercially available, but is labeled as "not for human consumption?" (pg 209, text)

True

True or False, THC levels in sold marijuana products have increased almost yearly from 2001 to 2013? (pg 208, Text)

True

True or false, CBD stands for cannabidiol?

True

Withdrawal from sedative/hypnotics can cause insomnia.

True

Recreational use of which of the following is not a schedule I drug?

Valium

Which is true about vaporizing marijuana?

Vaping marijuana does not get hot enough to burn the plant material

Which is true about the mechanism of action of sedative/hypnotics?

When benzodiazepines bind to the GABA receptor, they allow more chloride to enter the cell

Which of the following is not seen with opioid withdrawal?

Respiratory depression

True or false, numerous studies of MDMA (ecstasy) in animal studies show that large doses of MDMA are neurotoxic to serotonin neurons?

true

Marijuana decreases heart rate

False

Sedative/hypnotic drugs increase the amount of time spent in REM sleep.

False

T/F Cannabis sativa has a higher cannabidiol to THC ratio

False

True or false, despite extensive research , no one has isolated an endogenous opioid agonist?

False

True or false, doses of opioid antagonists are used as therapeutic doses for treating diarrhea and suppression of cough.

False

True/False, Typically, we only use 50% of our brains?

False

Which of the following is the current knowledge on whether MDMA is neurotoxic in human users? (p 139, text)

The effects of using MDMA as a recreational drug are highly controversial.

Injecting opioids is more addictive than ingesting them.

True

Many benzodiazepines end with the suce "-epam" or "-olam."

True

Marijuana is an effective treatment for chronic pain in adults. T/F

True

Once heroin reaches the brain, it is converted back into morphine. T/F

True

Opioid pain relievers are responsible for more deaths than from heroin and cocaine combined. T/F

True

T/F Opium was a common ingredient in many patent medicines in the 19 th century.

True

T/F THC and its metabolites have long half-lives and may remain in the body for many days or even weeks after use

True

The synthetic cannabinoid Spice binds more fully to brain cannabinoid receptors than does THC and may produce more intense effects. T/F

True

True or false, OxyContin is an opioid analgesic?

True

True or false, amphetamine doses are a common medicine for the treatment attention deficit-hyperactive syndrome among children? (p 109, text)

True

True or false, do opioid agonists when used as painkillers induce constipation?

True

True or false, the human body makes an endogenous form of THC?

True

True or false, the poppy plant has been cultivated for thousands of years?

True

Some countries for example, Switzerland, allow doctors to prescribe Heroin have ______ .

lower mortality rates, less illicit drug use, and higher rates of retention in addiction treatment programs

We have data on drug-related deaths in the USA (drug overdoses). Those data are different now than a decade ago. Currently, the kind of drug causing the most death is ____.

opioids

pick the odd one.

heroin

THC is a phytocannabinoid and anandamide is an endocannabinoid. T/F

True

The Opium Wars were when England went to war against China to try to make China stop smuggling their opium into England. T/F

False

Tolerance develops to benzodiazepines but not to barbiturates.

False

True or False, Cannabis leaves and flowers of tiny, sticky, hairs contain about 40 chemicals, which about 30 are unique to the Canabis plant. (pg. 207, Text)

False

Cannabis use is associated with a higher risk of schizophrenia. T/F

True

Which of the following is false about opioids such as morphine or heroin?

Local anesthetic

The term "endorphin " refers to ___.

a peptide manufactured in the brain that has opioid-like effects

Using high doses of amphetamines for multiple days ___. (p 109, text)

can induce a depletion of neuronal stores of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin, hence leaving the drug-user with neural circuits involving these neurotransmitters less functional

Compared to morphine, methadone...

is longer lasting

Naltrexone ______ addictive.

is not

Drugs that reduce anxiety are called anxiolytics.

true

Females use prescription sedative/hypnotics more than males.

true

Which of the following is a type of opioid receptor?

Mu

Dextromethorphan is a drug designed for _________ .

cough

Pick the odd one. naltrexone morphine methadone heroin

naltrexone

Which of the following is associated with long-term use of opioids?

A and C: Constipation and Increased sensitivity to pain

Which of the following is true about REM sleep?

Associated with a loss of skeletal muscle tone

Name the short acting opioid agonist that is a major component in the current opioid crises

Fentanyl

Which one of the following neurotransmitters do benzodiazepines affect?

GABA

Which is true about Cannabis sativa compared to Cannabis indica?

It is a taller, lighter colored plant

Chronic users of marijuana develop tolerance to all of the below except

Memory Effects

Which of the following is the drug of choice to treat opioid-induced respiratory depression?

Naloxone

Morphine is to Methadone as Naloxone is to _____.

Naltrexone

Morphine is to Methadone as Naloxone is to...

Naltrexone

Which opioid is a long-lasting opioid antagonist?

Naltrexone

Which is the most common route of administration for sedative/hypnotics?

Oral

Which of the following is not an example of a Z drug?

Rozerem

Opiod Receptors are to Heroin as Cannabinoid receptors are to _________.

THC

Which of the following might best explain the surge in heroin use over the past decade?

The increased use of prescription pain medications

Which is false about opioid receptors

The two main classes of opioids receptors are endorphins and enkephalins

5% of American adults, and 10% of Americans between the ages of 12 and 17, report using opioid drugs for non-medical purposes.

True

Barbiturates are addictive but benzodiazepines are not

false

True or false, does chronic use of opioid antagonists produce itch? T/F

false

A man arrives at the emergency room with needle tracts on his arm and respiratory depression that is dangerous. He is given a large dose of naloxone, but that seems to do little to lift the respiratory depression. Such actions __.

rule out overdoses of opioids as a reason for the respiratory depression

Fentanyl is highly lipid-soluble, and so it has a rapid onset and short duration of action. T/F

true

Generally, the more cannabidiol a strain of cannabis has, the less THC. T/F

true

Marijuana today generally has a significantly higher THC content than the marijuana that was available in the 1960s and 1970s. T/F

true

Opioids cause constipation. T/F

true

True or False, Asian and Black groups are groups that use the least amount of illegal stimulants.

true

True or False, The Dept. of Agriculture has research to indicate that fiber hemp grown during 4-6 months, has the same amount of paper as 4-5 acres as 20 y/o trees?

true

True or false, are there as many as three endogenous opioids?

true

True or false, there are data to support that CBD is antioxidant, anti-convulsant, anti-anxiety, antipsychotic and neuroprotective? (p 223, text)

true

With chronic use, the liver becomes able to metabolize opioids faster. t/f

true