Medical Terminology Chapter 7 Muscular System
What is the abbreviation used for the procedure of amputating the arm between the shoulder and the elbow?
AE
__________ is a wasting of muscular tissue that may be caused by lack of use.
Atrophy
The muscle that bends (flexes) the elbow
Biceps brachii
Large shoulder muscle
Deltoid
________ is faulty muscular development caused by defective nourishment.
Dystrophy
The sartorius muscle is found in the buttocks.
False
A CK test only tests for muscular dystrophy.
False,
A muscle biopsy is always done with a needle.
False. The tissue may be removed with a needle or through an incision.
Connective tissue that wraps around muscle groups
Fascia
________ is a thin layer of connective tissue covering, supporting, or connecting the bones or inner organs of the body.
Fascia
Lying on back with head and knees of bed elevated
Fowler
_________ means muscle weakness.
Myasthenia
________ means surgical suture of a muscle wound.
Myorrhaphy
Large fan-shaped chest muscle
Pectoralis major
What is a non-drug treatment for sore or strained muscles?
RICE
Strong vertical abdominal muscle
Rectus abdominis
The heart muscle (myocardium) is controlled by the autonomic nervous system and has specialized neuromuscular tissue located within the __________.
Right atrium
Lying on left side, right knee well flexed
Sims
Which muscle rotates and laterally flexes the neck?
Sternocleidomastoid
Strong band of connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
Tendon
________ is a stiff neck caused by spasmodic contraction of the muscles of the neck.
Torticollis
Muscle of upper back and neck
Trapezius
Patient supine, and the bed is tilted to lower the head
Trendelenburg
Muscle that straightens (extends) the arm at the elbow
Triceps
An electromyography test determines whether muscles can respond.
True
The ALT test blood levels increase with muscle damage.
True
The abbreviation for an amputation that is done between the hip and knee is AK.
True
The ALD blood test is done specifically for muscle disorders.
True, ALD blood test is done specifically for muscle disorders.
The word root lemma means __________.
a rind
The removal of a limb, part, or other appendage is called a(n) __________.
amputation
A muscle that counteracts the action of another muscle is known as an ________.
antagonist
In the term contracture, the prefix __________ means with, or together.
con-
When a muscle shortens but cannot relax for normal function, the condition is known as:
contracture
raises and rotates the arm
deltoid
The connective tissue disease characterized by edema, dermatitis, and inflammation of the muscles is __________.
dermatomyositis
The _________ is a partition of muscles and membranes that separates the chest cavity and the abdominal cavity.
diaphragm
What muscle separates the chest and abdominal cavities?
diaphragm
What is the term for any condition of abnormal development, often with muscle degeneration?
dystrophy
The EMG test is used to measure:
electrical activity across a muscle.
The combining form is/o means __________.
equal
The rectus femoris muscle is used for plantar flexion (pointing the toes).
false
The soleus muscle is located on the back of the thigh.
false
The hamstrings are a group of muscles on the anterior portion of the thigh.
false, not a muscle
The condition with widespread musculoskeletal pain and fatigue is called __________.
fibromyalgia
Muscular dystrophy causes progressive weakness and muscle degeneration. It is:
genetic
What is the Fowler position?
head of bed raised about 18 inches; patient sitting up with knees elevated
Smooth muscles are also called __________.
involuntary, visceral, unstriated
On knees, with head & upper chest on bed
knee-chest
Major muscle of the back, which also connects to the arms
latissimus dorsi
If a person is lying on her back with knees flexed and feet in stirrups, what position is she in?
lithotomy
Lying on back with knees flexed, feet elevated in stirrups
lithotomy
What is the term for softening of the muscles?
myomalacia
A position in which the patient sits upright or erect is called __________.
orthopneic
Sitting upright for patient who cannot breathe
orthopneic
The suffix -algia means __________.
pain
What is the definition of polyplegia?
paralysis of a number of muscles
flexes, adducts, and rotates the arm.
pectoralis major
The suffix -ary means __________.
pertaining to
Lying on stomach, face downward
prone
An adductor muscle is one which:
pulls a part of the body toward the midline.
What type of drug is used for painful muscle spasms?
relaxant
The process in which a muscle loosens and returns to a resting stage is called ________.
relaxation
The primary functions of muscles include each of the following EXCEPT ___________.
responsible for lowering blood pressure
What is the term used for a skeletal muscle tumor?
rhabdomyoma
Which is not a valid type of muscle in the body?
ridged
A term used to describe the muscles immediately surrounding the shoulder joint is __________.
rotator cuff
flexes and rotates the thigh and leg.
sartorius
Muscle that splits to the sternum and clavicle
sternocleidomastoid
What muscle originates from the sternum and clavicle and inserts into the mastoid process?
sternocleidomastoid
Lying flat on the back
supine
The suffix -rrhaphy means _________.
suture
Skeletal muscles attach to bones via __________.
tendons
The prefix dia- means __________.
through
What is the medical name for wryneck?
torticollis
An intramuscular injection allows medication to be injected within a muscle.
true
Calcium is a chemical important for many body functions, including helping muscles to contract.
true
The Achilles tendon attaches the calf muscle to the heel of the foot.
true
The deltoid muscle is used to raise the arm.
true
The gastrocnemius muscle makes up the calf of the leg.
true
Skeletal muscles are also known as __________.
voluntary or striated
Signs and symptoms of Duchenne muscular dystrophy include __________.
walking on toes; frequent falling a waddling gait being very slow in running and climbing, being clumsy
In the term myoparesis, the suffix -paresis means __________.
weakness
Myasthenia gravis is a chronic disease characterized by:
weakness of skeletal muscles.