Medical Terminology Chapter 7 Muscular System

What is the abbreviation used for the procedure of amputating the arm between the shoulder and the​ elbow?

AE

__________ is a wasting of muscular tissue that may be caused by lack of use.

Atrophy

The muscle that bends (flexes) the elbow

Biceps brachii

Large shoulder muscle

Deltoid

________ is faulty muscular development caused by defective nourishment.

Dystrophy

The sartorius muscle is found in the buttocks.

False

A CK test only tests for muscular dystrophy.

False,

A muscle biopsy is always done with a needle.

False. The tissue may be removed with a needle or through an incision.

Connective tissue that wraps around muscle groups

Fascia

________ is a thin layer of connective tissue covering, supporting, or connecting the bones or inner organs of the body.

Fascia

Lying on back with head and knees of bed elevated

Fowler

_________ means muscle weakness.

Myasthenia

________ means surgical suture of a muscle wound.

Myorrhaphy

Large fan-shaped chest muscle

Pectoralis major

What is a​ non-drug treatment for sore or strained​ muscles?

RICE

Strong vertical abdominal muscle

Rectus abdominis

The heart muscle (myocardium) is controlled by the autonomic nervous system and has specialized neuromuscular tissue located within the __________.

Right atrium

Lying on left side, right knee well flexed

Sims

Which muscle rotates and laterally flexes the neck?

Sternocleidomastoid

Strong band of connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Tendon

________ is a stiff neck caused by spasmodic contraction of the muscles of the neck.

Torticollis

Muscle of upper back and neck

Trapezius

Patient supine, and the bed is tilted to lower the head

Trendelenburg

Muscle that straightens (extends) the arm at the elbow

Triceps

An electromyography test determines whether muscles can respond.

True

The ALT test blood levels increase with muscle damage.

True

The abbreviation for an amputation that is done between the hip and knee is AK.

True

The ALD blood test is done specifically for muscle disorders.

True, ALD blood test is done specifically for muscle disorders.

The word root lemma means __________.

a rind

The removal of a limb, part, or other appendage is called a(n) __________.

amputation

A muscle that counteracts the action of another muscle is known as an ________.

antagonist

In the term contracture, the prefix __________ means with, or together.

con-

When a muscle shortens but cannot relax for normal​ function, the condition is known​ as:

contracture

raises and rotates the arm

deltoid

The connective tissue disease characterized by edema, dermatitis, and inflammation of the muscles is __________.

dermatomyositis

The _________ is a partition of muscles and membranes that separates the chest cavity and the abdominal cavity.

diaphragm

What muscle separates the chest and abdominal​ cavities?

diaphragm

What is the term for any condition of abnormal​ development, often with muscle​ degeneration?

dystrophy

The EMG test is used to​ measure:

electrical activity across a muscle.

The combining form is/o means __________.

equal

The rectus femoris muscle is used for plantar flexion (pointing the toes).

false

The soleus muscle is located on the back of the thigh.

false

The hamstrings are a group of muscles on the anterior portion of the thigh.

false, not a muscle

The condition with widespread musculoskeletal pain and fatigue is called __________.

fibromyalgia

Muscular dystrophy causes progressive weakness and muscle degeneration. It​ is:

genetic

What is the Fowler​ position?

head of bed raised about 18​ inches; patient sitting up with knees elevated

Smooth muscles are also called __________.

involuntary, visceral, unstriated

On knees, with head & upper chest on bed

knee-chest

Major muscle of the back, which also connects to the arms

latissimus dorsi

If a person is lying on her back with knees flexed and feet in​ stirrups, what position is she​ in?

lithotomy

Lying on back with knees flexed, feet elevated in stirrups

lithotomy

What is the term for softening of the​ muscles?

myomalacia

A position in which the patient sits upright or erect is called __________.

orthopneic

Sitting upright for patient who cannot breathe

orthopneic

The suffix -algia means __________.

pain

What is the definition of​ polyplegia?

paralysis of a number of muscles

flexes, adducts, and rotates the arm.

pectoralis major

The suffix -ary means __________.

pertaining to

Lying on stomach, face downward

prone

An adductor muscle is one​ which:

pulls a part of the body toward the midline.

What type of drug is used for painful muscle​ spasms?

relaxant

The process in which a muscle loosens and returns to a resting stage is called ________.

relaxation

The primary functions of muscles include each of the following EXCEPT ___________.

responsible for lowering blood pressure

What is the term used for a skeletal muscle​ tumor?

rhabdomyoma

Which is not a valid type of muscle in the​ body?

ridged

A term used to describe the muscles immediately surrounding the shoulder joint is __________.

rotator cuff

flexes and rotates the thigh and leg.

sartorius

Muscle that splits to the sternum and clavicle

sternocleidomastoid

What muscle originates from the sternum and clavicle and inserts into the mastoid​ process?

sternocleidomastoid

Lying flat on the back

supine

The suffix -rrhaphy means _________.

suture

Skeletal muscles attach to bones via __________.

tendons

The prefix dia- means __________.

through

What is the medical name for​ wryneck?

torticollis

An intramuscular injection allows medication to be injected within a muscle.

true

Calcium is a chemical important for many body functions, including helping muscles to contract.

true

The Achilles tendon attaches the calf muscle to the heel of the foot.

true

The deltoid muscle is used to raise the arm.

true

The gastrocnemius muscle makes up the calf of the leg.

true

Skeletal muscles are also known as __________.

voluntary or striated

Signs and symptoms of Duchenne muscular dystrophy include __________.

walking on toes; frequent falling a waddling gait being very slow in running and climbing, being clumsy

In the term myoparesis, the suffix -paresis means __________.

weakness

Myasthenia gravis is a chronic disease characterized​ by:

weakness of skeletal muscles.