E2

What is the average annual precipitation for the north coast of California? A. Approximately 25 inches B. Approximately 80 inches C. More than 100 inches D. Less than 20 inches E. Approximately 50 inches

B. Approximately 80 inches

California gained statehood in: A. 1850 B. 1880 C. 1680 D. 1785 E. 1890

A. 1850

Less than _____ percent of the American population lives in the Pacific Northwest: A. 3 B. 7 C. 10 D. 15 E. 18

A. 3

The greatest demand for water in California is from: A. Agriculture B. Urbanization C. Industrialization D. Home use E. Military bases

A. Agriculture

Which of the following is NOT true regarding Honolulu: A. Because of its size, living costs are about 20 percent below the national average B. Only about 40 percent of Honolulu residents own their own home C. Over 70 percent of Hawaii's residents live in the Honolulu area D. Hilo, Hawaii's next largest city, has only about one-twentieth of Honolulu's population E. About 80 percent of the state's economy is concentrated in the Honolulu area

A. Because of its size, living costs are about 20 percent below the national average

All of the following are economic drivers in the Empty Interior EXCEPT: A. Biomedical research B. Tourism C. Mining D. Ranching E. Lumbering

A. Biomedical research

The coniferous forest unique to the northlands region is called a: A. Boreal forest B. Redwood forest C. Spruce forest D. Savannah forest E. Tundra forest

A. Boreal forest

By the 1830s the settlers in the agricultural core had switched crops and started planting a variety of: A. Corn B. Beans C. Cattle D. Sunflowers E. Timber

A. Corn

The Southern Coastlands are the region where: A. Hurricanes concentrate B. Hurricanes are absent C. Flooding is limited to the eastern seaboard D. Flooding occurs only in the fall E. Storms are frequent but mild

A. Hurricanes concentrate

All of the following are advantages to growing corn EXCEPT: A. It can be grown year after year on the same land B. Stalks and leaves are chopped and stored to provide feed for the animals C. Plants can be grown close together D. Each plant produces two or more ears of grain E. It is suited to the environmental conditions in the region

A. It can be grown year after year on the same land

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding tourism in Hawaii: A. Most visitors to Hawaii now come from Asia B. Trans-Pacific flights to Hawaii began in 1936 C. There are now more 50,000 hotel rooms in Hawaii D. The tourism industry accounts for about 22 percent of Hawaii's economy E. The summer months are the peak tourism period

A. Most visitors to Hawaii now come from Asia

After the end of the Mexican-American War in 1848, most Mexicans settled in: A. New Mexico B. Texas C. California D. Arizona E. Colorado

A. New Mexico

Which of the following is TRUE about the Canadian electrical power? A. Northland hydroelectric facilities provide nearly 70% of Canada's electricity B. Mining activity in the Lake Superior District provides for nearly 70% of Canada's electricity C. Nuclear power generation in Nunavut provides for the majority of Canadian power needs D. Taconite production provides for the majority of Canadian power needs E. Northland hydroelectric and mining operations provide for the regions power needs

A. Northland hydroelectric facilities provide nearly 70% of Canada's electricity

Mauna Loa pours out lava on the average of: A. Once every four years B. Twice a year C. Three times a century D. Once a year E. Never - it is an inactive volcano

A. Once every four years

What quality of the vegetation on the Great Plains did NOT lend it to plowing? A. Prairie grass root systems are deep and well developed B. The grasses tend to be tough and woody C. The grasses are easily combustible and damage equipment D. They are all hydrophytes E. Prairie grasses tend to bunch and damage equipment

A. Prairie grass root systems are deep and well developed

The development in the western half of the Southern Coastlands region is heavily dependent on: A. Resource extraction B. Tourism C. Site reorientation D. Retirement E. Uninhabited areas

A. Resource extraction

Which city benefited MOST from the Gold Rush? A. San Francisco B. San Diego C. Los Angeles D. Bakersfield E. Sacramento

A. San Francisco

All of the following statements are TRUE regarding the Central Valley EXCEPT: A. The Central Valley receives more precipitation than the California coast B. The Central Valley lies east of the Coast Ranges C. The Central Valley is an ancient extension of the Pacific Ocean D. The Central Valley is low-relief with very fertile soils E. The Central Valley is about 400 miles long

A. The Central Valley receives more precipitation than the California coast

When the United States had a warfare-generated labor shortage, Mexican laborers could enter the United States and work in A. The agricultural sector B. The auto industry C. Textile mills D. Tourism industries E. Public transportation

A. The agricultural sector

Most the precipitation in the Agricultural Core falls between: A. The end of April and the beginning of November B. The beginning of March and the end of August C. The end of June and the beginning of September D. The beginning of November and the end of April E. December-January

A. The end of April and the beginning of November

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Northlands region climate: A. The region's climate is mostly a maritime climate B. The January temperatures range from 20*F to -76*F C. Most of the region has a frost-free period of less than 90 days D. Crops can only be grown along the region's southern margins E. Precipitation amounts vary widely across the region

A. The region's climate is mostly a maritime climate

As a direct consequence of high farm productivity on high-quality agricultural land and the natural accessibility provided by the region's waterways: A. There were industrial growth opportunities in Kansas City, Chicago and Cincinnati B. Rural areas were invaded by manufacturing complexes forcing out farmers C. Residents were able to relocate to rural areas for extended periods of time D. There were areas where fresh produce became difficult to find E. Cattle replaced corn on nearly all of the farms in Iowa

A. There were industrial growth opportunities in Kansas City, Chicago and Cincinnati

All of the following are TRUE regarding the grape crop of the San Joaquin Valley EXCEPT: A. These grapes produce the state's finest wines B. The grapes are also used for raisins C. They are used as table grapes D. They grow well in the Valley's higher summer temperatures E. Both A and D

A. These grapes produce the state's finest wines

The frost-free period is roughly__________ days at the southern margins of the area but little more than ________ days near the Arctic Ocean. A. 100; 10 B. 135; 14 C. 175; 30 D. 200; 50 E. 250; 60

B. 135; 14

California's Gold Rush began in: A. 1802 B. 1848 C. 1856 D. 1875 E. 1899

B. 1848

Historically, there are how many years between drought occurrences on the Great Plains? A. 10 B. 20 C. 40 D. 60 E. 100

B. 20

The growing season in the Agricultural Core regularly extends across: A. All year B. 4 to 5 months C. Around 9 months D. 6 to 8 months E. 1 to 2 months

B. 4 to 5 months

The term 'fallow' refers to: A. Providing irrigation through a series of channels B. Allowing the land to rest for a year under a recuperative grass C. Planting an alternative crop to help replenish the soil D. A vacation period for farmers to recuperate E. Moving from field to field to increase the number of crops planted

B. Allowing the land to rest for a year under a recuperative grass

As the state's economy changed and the Panhandle languished which city became Alaska's population leader? A. Fairbanks B. Anchorage C. Bethel D. Nome E. Juneau

B. Anchorage

The lowlands of Oregon are part of a structural trough that was created at the same time the ______________ were elevated. A. Sierras B. Cascades C. Klamaths D. Chugachs E. Rockies

B. Cascades

The region's MOST important specialty crops are: A. Cotton, tobacco, and sugarcane B. Citrus fruits, rice, and sugarcane C. Lemons, oranges, and bananas D. Rice, pineapple, and oranges E. Sugarcane, cotton, and okra

B. Citrus fruits, rice, and sugarcane

The major lumber tree of the Pacific Northwest is: A. Ponderosa Pine B. Douglas Fir C. Spruce D. Redwood E. Mahogany

B. Douglas Fir

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. In Los Angeles, automobiles are the primary source of smog B. In Los Angeles, mountain breezes push pollutants out towards the Pacific C. Temperature inversions occur when a body of warm air lies above cooler air D. In reality, Los Angeles produces only moderate amounts of pollution E. In the Los Angeles basin, overall smog levels are lower than they were 25 years ago

B. In Los Angeles, mountain breezes push pollutants out towards the Pacific

All of the following are TRUE about the California Aqueduct EXCEPT: A. It is the result of the California Water Project of 1957 B. It originates at the Delta-Mendota canal C. It will run short of California's water needs as early as 2020 D. Users in the Metropolitan Water District cover most of the costs E. It serves the western San Joaquin Valley

B. It originates at the Delta-Mendota canal

Which best describes the Big Thompson River project? A. It created a series of rice paddy farms along the western edge of the Great Plains B. It supplied water down the western slope of the Rockies Front Range C. It aided downtown Denver in the protecting wetlands in the city D. It is the largest strip mine reclamation project in the Great Plains E. It provides hydroelectric power for the city of Las Vegas

B. It supplied water down the western slope of the Rockies Front Range

The largest lake in the Empty Interior during the Pleistocene was: A. Little Salt Lake B. Lake Bonneville C. Lake Mead D. Grand Canyon Lake E. Cadillac Lake

B. Lake Bonneville

Mixed farming refers to farmers who raise: A. Fruit and vegetables B. Livestock and feed grain C. Wheat and rice D. Corn and cattle E. Chickens and sheep

B. Livestock and feed grain

The MOST fertile major soil group in the agricultural core is the: A. Aridisols B. Mollisols C. Alfisols D. Alluvisols E. Ultisols

B. Mollisols

The highest mountain in North America is: A. Mt. Whitney B. Mt. McKinley C. Mt. Rainier D. Mt. Hood E. Mt. Logan

B. Mt. McKinley

Precipitation above 190 centimeters is common, and averages are double that amount on the western slopes of the Olympic Mountains in ___________Washington. A. Northeastern B. Northwestern C. Southeastern D. Southwestern E. Central

B. Northwestern

As the settlers moved from east to west they were able to gauge the annual precipitation in an area by: A. Observing and measuring the water levels in streams and lakes B. Noting the gradual transition from forested land to grasslands C. Setting up weather stations throughout the area D. Referring to the Farmers Almanac E. Asking the Native Americans that they encountered along the way

B. Noting the gradual transition from forested land to grasslands

This city has doubled in size several times since 1950 and it is now a major urban area: A. Tucson B. Phoenix C. San Antonio D. El Paso E. Albuquerque

B. Phoenix

Which industry was key to the settlement of a large portion of the small towns in the Empty Interior? A. Agriculture B. Railroads C. Construction D. Organized crime E. Forestry

B. Railroads

A devastating earthquake struck what city in 1906? A. San Diego B. San Francisco C. Bakersfield D. Los Angeles E. San Jose

B. San Francisco

Which statement is FALSE about air quality in Southern California? A. Excessive particulate matter is responsible for poor air quality in rural areas B. Smog levels have increased over the last 25 years due to more automobiles C. Temperature inversions trap pollution in the Los Angeles Basin D. Ozone is the primary contributor to the poor air quality in urban areas E. Onshore winds push pollutants inland

B. Smog levels have increased over the last 25 years due to more automobiles

Ninety percent of British Columbia's forests are owned by: A. Small landowners B. The Canadian government C. Large paper companies D. Chinese multinational corporations E. The United States

B. The Canadian government

The settlers who arrived in Hawaii about 1500 years ago came from: A. Tahiti B. The Marquesas C. New Zealand D. The Caribbean E. South America

B. The Marquesas

Which of following has allowed for the irrigation of at least a quarter of the Great Plains? A. The Red River B. The Ogallala Aquifer C. The Lubbock Aquifer D. The Black Hills E. Hudson Bay

B. The Ogallala Aquifer

The dramatic seasonal variation in temperature results from shifts in: A. Ocean currents B. The angle of incidence of the sun's rays C. The angle of Earth's axis D. The Canadian Shield E. The sun and moon's positions

B. The angle of incidence of the sun's rays

Which group was severely impacted by the Los Angeles Aqueduct? A. The farmers of San Joaquin Valley B. The farmers of Owens Valley C. The farmers of Imperial Valley D. The farmers of Salinas Valley E. The farmers of Napa Valley

B. The farmers of Owens Valley

MOST precipitation in the Great Plains is caused by: A. Moist air masses coming from the west B. The mixture of northern and southern air masses C. Orographic uplift D. Tornados E. Cloud seeding

B. The mixture of northern and southern air masses

The Southern Coastlands region extends from: A. Houston to the Florida Keys B. The mouth of the Rio Grande, through Florida and up to North Carolina C. The mouth of the Mississippi to the mouth of the Rio Grande D. Mexican border to Florida E. The Tropic of Cancer to North Carolina

B. The mouth of the Rio Grande, through Florida and up to North Carolina

Easy and inexpensive shipment of farm goods in Agriculture Core region is a result of: A. An extensive network of trucking companies B. The natural networks of waterways C. Railroad systems D. The vast open grasslands E. Proximity to major cities

B. The natural networks of waterways

The region's climate is influenced by: A. The cold Atlantic Ocean currents B. The warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico C. The cold water emptying into the Gulf of Mexico from the Mississippi River D. The warm waters of the Rio Grande E. The absence of a winter season

B. The warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico

Initially European settlers in agriculture core region grew: A. Corn B. Wheat C. Alfalfa D. Soybeans E. Rice

B. Wheat

The ocean floor in this area is about how many meters BELOW sea level? A. 1,000 B. 2,500 C. 4,500 D. 6,000 E. More than 7,500

C. 4,500

How many states use water from the Colorado River Basin? A. 2 B. 4 C. 7 D. 15 E. 23

C. 7

In geographical terminology, the Agricultural Core has: A. A maritime climate B. An arid climate C. A continental climate D. A Mediterranean climate E. A savanna climate

C. A continental climate

The Southern Coastlands' climate is best described as: A. A cool and dry place B. A coastal region with warm dry air C. A humid, subtropical place D. A very wet and cold place E. A dry region with areas of heavy rain

C. A humid, subtropical place

How many people does the Metropolitan Water District serve? A. About 5 million B. About 9 million C. About 18 million D. About 20 million E. The entire population of the state

C. About 18 million

Which of the following is NOT true: A. Today about one Hawaiian worker in 30 is employed in agriculture B. The allegiance of Hawaii's Asian population was a major obstacle to statehood C. Acreage for pineapple production has dramatically increased since 1950 D. More than 80 percent of Hawaii's economy is concentrated on the island of Oahu E. Today about one Hawaiian worker in 4 is employed by the military

C. Acreage for pineapple production has dramatically increased since 1950

This state has attracted the aircraft industry and the corporate offices of a number of other major corporations: A. Texas B. Colorado C. Arizona D. New Mexico E. Nevada

C. Arizona

About 40 percent of Florida's citrus groves are found: A. In Key West B. Between Miami and Key West C. Between Tampa and Orlando D. South of Tampa E. West of Jacksonville

C. Between Tampa and Orlando

This government agency controls the MOST land in the Empty Interior: A. Bureau of Indian Affairs B. U.S. Forest Service C. Bureau of Land Management D. Fish and Wildlife Service E. National Wetlands Inventory

C. Bureau of Land Management

All of the following are TRUE regarding the automobile landscape in California EXCEPT: A. Land-use patterns are directly related to the spatial flexibility of the automobile B. Los Angeles has more cars per capita than any region in the United States C. California spends more per capita on highway construction than any other state D. Los Angeles County has four of North America's busiest freeways E. Automotive smog levels are lower than they were 25 years ago

C. California spends more per capita on highway construction than any other state

To the east of the lowland in the north pacific region is a second north-south trending range of mountains called the: A. The Rocky Mountains B. Sierra Nevadas C. Cascades D. San Gabriels E. Klamaths

C. Cascades

Largely ignored by 19th century Anglo settlers, the Navajo reservation lands are now highly valued because of their A. Water reserves B. Gold and silver mines C. Coal deposits D. Vast grazing lands E. Potential as nuclear waste disposal sites

C. Coal deposits

In the 1980s U.S. farmers cut back on soybean production because: A. People were no longer interested in the health benefits of soy B. Cattle refused to eat it C. Competition from foreign countries increased D. There was not enough rainfall to support an adequate harvest E. Government subsidies were cut

C. Competition from foreign countries increased

The cattle-grazing industry that the Spanish introduced into Texas was ill-suited to the moist, forested lands of the ___________portion of the state. A. Northern B. Southern C. Eastern D. Western E. The Spanish introduced sheep, not cattle, into Texas

C. Eastern

With a few exceptions, the entire region receives precipitation: A. Under 10 inches per year B. Exceeding 20 inches per year C. Exceeding 30 inches per year D. Exceeding 50 inches per year E. More than 100 inches per year

C. Exceeding 30 inches per year

The LARGEST and SMALLEST of the main eight islands are: A. Oahu and Molokai B. Maui and Niihau C. Hawaii and Kahoolawe D. Molokai and Lanai E. Oahu and Kahoolawe

C. Hawaii and Kahoolawe

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Northlands region? A. Cold temperatures B. Long winters C. High amounts of precipitation D. Poor drainage E. Thin soils

C. High amounts of precipitation

The Great Salt Lake: A. Is highly potable B. Covers an area of nearly 25,000 kilometers C. Is saltier than the oceans D. Is the only remaining salt lake in the Empty Interior E. Resulted from a prehistoric meteor impact

C. Is saltier than the oceans

Which of the following is NOT true about the great Arctic ice pack? A. It covers 4.8 million square kilometers B. It is a thin, usually 3 to 6 feet thick, sheet of ice C. It holds less fresh water then all the world lakes. D. It has lost 1% of its bulk in the last 100 years. E. In winter it extends southward to enshroud northern Alaska.

C. It holds less fresh water then all the world lakes.

What is the general climate of the Great Plains? A. Warm, wet and mild throughout the year B. Mild summers and cool winters C. Large temperature extremes resulting from very cold winters and very hot summers D. Decreasing temperature moving southward E. Increasing temperature moving westward

C. Large temperature extremes resulting from very cold winters and very hot summers

The development in the eastern half of the Southern Coastlands region is: A. Closest to trade centers in the West B. Receives the largest number of Mexican immigrants C. Largely recreational and includes abundant retirement communities D. Known for the large number of refugees from Europe E. None of the above

C. Largely recreational and includes abundant retirement communities

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the Mormon legacy in the Empty Interior? A. Joseph Smith was founded a nation called Deseret, which became Utah B. Mormons invented the process of desalinization for Great Salt Lake C. Mormons initiated large-scale irrigation projects that are now the norm for the region D. Mormons are the majority population in the region E. Low birth rates have caused a dramatic dip in the Mormon population

C. Mormons initiated large-scale irrigation projects that are now the norm for the region

Maritime moderation in northlands region is significant only along the: A. Mountain ranges B. Around Hudson Bay C. Peripheries of the region D. Near the Great Lakes E. All of the above

C. Peripheries of the region

The capital of California is: A. Los Angeles B. San Diego C. Sacramento D. Stockton E. San Francisco

C. Sacramento

What city is considered the Mexican-American Cultural Capital? A. El Paso B. Albuquerque C. San Antonio D. Los Angeles E. Santa Fe

C. San Antonio

The MOST widely used and understood name for the U.S. portion of the agricultural core region is: A. The Heartland B. The Interior Core C. The Midwest D. The Farmlands E. The Lower Great Lakes

C. The Midwest

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding Hawaii and migration? A. Sugar plantations first appeared in Hawaii around 1837 B. The first contract workers to come to Hawaii were from China C. The United States became the main source of Hawaii's new residents immediately after World War II D. Hawaii's population growth exceeds the national average E. Whites are the largest ethnic group in the islands

C. The United States became the main source of Hawaii's new residents immediately after World War II

All of the following are TRUE regarding California's future EXCEPT: A. The two greatest problems are urban expansion and water supplies B. The greatest loss of land is centered around Los Angeles and San Francisco C. The state has nearly 30 percent of the electoral votes needed to elect the President D. Land expansion is taking place primarily in the San Joaquin Valley E. Water demand will pass water availability in two decades

C. The state has nearly 30 percent of the electoral votes needed to elect the President

Which of the following is NOT true about the Canadian lumbering, pulp, and paper industries? A. They produce forty percent of the world's newsprint B. They are the second largest Canadian export in value C. They are owned by the Canadian government D. They have drops in demands over the last twenty years E. All of the above

C. They are owned by the Canadian government

Large, nearly flat fields in the Agricultural Core can be managed by small numbers of farmers as long as: A. They are able to plant enough corn B. They have very large families C. They have enough equipment D. They use government contract workers E. They utilize improved fertilizers and nutrients

C. They have enough equipment

The southern section of the Cascade Mountains appear as a high, eroded plateau topped by a line of: A. Waterfalls B. Lakes C. Volcanic peaks D. Glacial valleys E. High altitude deserts

C. Volcanic peaks

Which state is the LARGEST coal producer in the United States today? A. West Virginia B. Kentucky C. Wyoming D. Montana E. Missouri

C. Wyoming

Which of the following was the world's first national park? A. Bryce B. Yosemite C. Yellowstone D. Grand Canyon E. Bryce Canyon

C. Yellowstone

What percentage of precipitation in California is consumed by farms and cities in southern California? A. 25% B. 40% C. 64% D. 80% E. More than 90%

D. 80%

A narrow, jagged ridge line with small peaks created when two glaciers form in parallel valleys is called: A. Horns B. A moraine C. A glaciette D. An arête E. A tarn

D. An arête

The largest human-made excavation is in: A. Moab B. Bisbee C. Lake Bonneville D. Bingham Canyon E. Virginia City

D. Bingham Canyon

In terms of economic benefit, what is the most important mining resource in the Empty Interior? A. Iron ore B. Uranium C. Molybdenum D. Copper E. Silver

D. Copper

Volcanic mountains in this region are: A. Cone-shaped B. Jagged and quite rugged C. Very flat due to erosion over time D. Dome-like E. All of the above are correct

D. Dome-like

What has long been a major economic mainstay of the north pacific region? A. Oil B. Agriculture C. Whale blubber D. Forest products E. All of the above have always been economic mainstays of the region

D. Forest products

All of the following are TRUE about ethnic diversity in Los Angeles EXCEPT: A. Anglos are now a minority in Los Angeles B. Greater Los Angeles has the largest Mexican population outside Mexico C. Greater Los Angeles has the largest Korean population outside Korea D. Greater Los Angeles has the largest Chinese population outside China E. English is a second language for nearly 25% of school children in Los Angeles

D. Greater Los Angeles has the largest Chinese population outside China

Extreme variations in precipitation from one Hawaiian location to another are caused by: A. Hawaii's wildly variable climate B. Hawaii's subtropical location C. Trade winds blowing in from the southwest D. Hawaii's unique topography E. The ocean currents

D. Hawaii's unique topography

The Winter Garden area of the lower Rio Grande Valley is a major area of: A. Cultural heritage B. Civil War history C. Tourism services D. Irrigated agriculture E. High-tech business

D. Irrigated agriculture

Which is NOT true regarding Major Stephen Long's beliefs about the Great Plains? A. It was poor land for farming B. It was uninhabitable C. It was a barren desert D. It contained vast deposits of silver E. Both A and B

D. It contained vast deposits of silver

What is TRUE about the 'Extraterrestrial Highway' in the Empty Interior? A. It is dotted with some of the largest mines in the area B. It is the site of Area 51 C. It has a surface identical to the Moon D. It is known for its sparse human impact E. It is the local name for the Las Vegas strip

D. It is known for its sparse human impact

The growing season in the Southern Coastlands region: A. Is less than anywhere else in the United States B. Is greater than anywhere else in the United States C. Lasts at least 3 months D. Lasts at least 9 months E. Lasts at least 12 months

D. Lasts at least 9 months

The Hawaiian archipelago is a string of islands and reefs, 3,300 kilometers long, that forms a broad arc in the: A. Indian Ocean B. South Atlantic Ocean C. Gulf of Mexico D. Mid-Pacific Ocean E. Caribbean

D. Mid-Pacific Ocean

High precipitation and the vegetation associated with this heavy moisture are the result of the influence of __________ on the region's climate. A. Clear skies due to high pressure B. Pollution from the many dense urban centers C. Hurricanes D. Mountains E. All of the above are influences

D. Mountains

New Orleans became both a control point and a shipping focus for the entire Mississippi River system because: A. It has a large Cajun population B. It lies below sea level C. Tourists visit for Mardi Gras D. Of its site E. Its proximity to Mexico

D. Of its site

Which of the following has become a high-status community free from the typical Los Angeles smog? A. Ojai B. Pasadena C. Hacienda Heights D. Palm Springs E. Malibu

D. Palm Springs

The cultural characteristics found in the agricultural core include: A. Unfriendly residents B. People who are often considered to be 'loners' C. Rural areas that are disconnected from major cities D. People who are politically and socially conservative E. Highly dependent populations

D. People who are politically and socially conservative

The North Pacific Coast is primarily defined on the basis of its: A. Cultural diversity B. Climate C. History D. Physical environment E. Population

D. Physical environment

It is variations in ____________ that mark seasonal changes on the islands: A. Temperature B. Winds C. Ocean currents D. Precipitation E. All of the above indicate seasonal change

D. Precipitation

In 1883 the Northern Pacific Railroad was completed to: A. Portland B. Fairbanks C. San Francisco D. Seattle E. Vancouver

D. Seattle

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding the topography of the North Pacific Coast? A. Mount McKinley is the highest peak in North America B. Coast Range elevations are seldom above 1000 feet C. There have been at least three attempts to relocate Alaska's capital due to its current relative inaccessibility D. The Coast Mountains decline in elevation from west to east E. The Chugach and Kenai Mountains are part of the Coast Ranges

D. The Coast Mountains decline in elevation from west to east

Long range economic plans for the Empty Interior are decided by: A. Local mayors and town councils B. State governors C. State senates D. The Federal government E. Oil companies

D. The Federal government

Which of the following is NOT true about water consumption in California? A. Agriculture has the highest demand for water B. California's farmers use more than one-fourth of all irrigation water used in the United States C. Los Angeles gets much of its water via the Los Angeles Aqueduct connected to the Owens Valley D. The Metropolitan Water District serves cities in all of California's counties E. California's water consumption has increased more rapidly than its population

D. The Metropolitan Water District serves cities in all of California's counties

Farm machinery can be used throughout the Agriculture Core region because: A. The farmers earn so much from their crops B. The equipment manufacturers are located nearby C. There is access to an abundance of petroleum for fuel D. The area has low, moderate relief E. Residents have been educated on how to drive the heavy machinery

D. The area has low, moderate relief

All of the following are TRUE regarding California's population EXCEPT: A. Anglos are a minority the Los Angeles area B. The population accounts for 12% of the population of the United States C. California attracts more migrants than any other state D. The majority population are California natives E. It is concentrated in two major urban areas: San Francisco and Los Angeles

D. The majority population are California natives

All of the following are TRUE about California's climate EXCEPT: A. Moisture-laden maritime air moves across the state from the northeast Pacific B. Topography plays an important role in climate C. During the late summer months, dry winds press west to the coast D. There is a definite east-west gradient in average annual precipitation E. In summer, southern California frequently experiences no rain

D. There is a definite east-west gradient in average annual precipitation

Which of the following is TRUE about the trees of the taiga? A. They are abundant, tall, and fast growers. B. They do not extend past the transition zone. C. They are dominated by stands of Maple and Oak. D. They are slow growing and short. E. Their population increases further north and east.

D. They are slow growing and short.

Which of the following is TRUE about the skylines of San Francisco and Los Angeles? A. They mimic those of East Coast cities such as Boston, Philadelphia, and Chicago B. They were transformed into urban landscapes of skyscrapers after the 1906 earthquake C. Earthquakes laws prohibited any buildings taller than the City Hall of Los Angeles D. They both had a practically even and low skyline with very few tall buildings until recently E. They have always boasted some of the most uneven skylines in the country with many variations in height and style to the buildings

D. They both had a practically even and low skyline with very few tall buildings until recently

Which of the following is TRUE about the Hudson's Bay Company expansion into the Canadian Northlands? A. They established a dominant foothold for further French expansion down the Mississippi. B. They prevented British access to the lower Great Lakes. C. They founded the cities of Detroit and Pittsburgh. D. They established on the margins of the Hudson Bay, and then pushed south and west. E. All of the above/

D. They established on the margins of the Hudson Bay, and then pushed south and west.

Which statement is TRUE regarding sections of the terrain in the Empty Interior? A. They are some of the lowest in elevation in the United States B. They do not offer much in terms of economic development C. They have the highest precipitations levels in the country D. They have some of the most rugged terrain in the United States E. Both B and D

D. They have some of the most rugged terrain in the United States

Which of the following Northland ports is the second largest in Canada? A. Hudson Bay B. Churchill C. Moosonee D. Thunder Bay E. Yellowknife

D. Thunder Bay

Hawaii's eight main islands contain almost _________ percent of the state's land area and all but a handful of its people: A. 50 B. 60 C. 70 D. 80 E. 100

E. 100

The original Hispanic population greatly increased by substantial immigration during the: A. 16th century B. 17th century C. 18th century D. 19th century E. 20th century

E. 20th century

Locations in the Southern Coastlands east of Houston generally receive rain each year in the amount of: A. Less then 10 inches B. 10 - 20 inches C. 20 - 30 inches D. 30 - 40 inches E. 50 or more inches

E. 50 or more inches

What percentage of central Los Angeles land-use is either road or parking? A. 10% B. 20% C. 30% D. 40% E. 50%

E. 50%

What percentage of Nevada's land is managed by the U.S. government? A. 10% B. 35% C. 50% D. 75% E. 90%

E. 90%

Northlands soils are: A. Varied B. Generally acidic C. Poorly drained D. Of low agricultural quality E. All of the Above

E. All of the Above

What people dominant the Northlands? A. American Indians B. Métis C. Inuit D. Eskimos E. All of the Above

E. All of the Above

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the physical effects on the landscape due to permafrost? A. Buildings must be placed on piles sunk deeply into the permafrost for stability B. Roads must be repaired extensively each year C. Construction needs much attention in order to maintain any resemblance of an even roadbed D. Most of Alaska is underlain by continuous or discontinuous shifting of surface E. All of the Above

E. All of the Above

The Land Ordinance of 1785 established: A. A series of east-west baselines B. A series of north-south meridians C. Townships that were 6 miles square D. 36 sections in each township E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Most American Indians are found in the major reservation areas, especially those in: A. Colorado B. Utah C. Arizona D. New Mexico E. All of the above are correct

E. All of the above are correct

What minimized Spanish concern for their northern territory? A. The lack of identifiable riches B. The lack of finding easily extractable mineral ores like gold or silver C. The great distances back to the core of Spanish development in Mexico D. A difficult or different environment E. All of the above are correct

E. All of the above are correct

Which of the following is NOT true regarding Northland precipitation? A. The cold air of the region holds little moisture B. The ocean supplies very little moisture through evaporation C. The northern Arctic Islands are the most arid parts of Canada and the U.S. D. The Northland's snowfall range is about 50 inches E. All of the above are correct

E. All of the above are correct

Which of the following is true about precipitation in the Pacific Northwest? A. Considerable portions of the region are semiarid B. Parts of the borderlands of Puget Sound in Washington receive only about 60 centimeters of precipitation annually C. Precipitation seldom falls in the form of heavy thundershowers D. Runoff is minimized resulting in vegetation making maximum use of the moisture E. All of the above are correct

E. All of the above are correct

All of the following are correct regarding permafrost EXCEPT: A. It is a subsurface layer of permanently frozen ground B. It commonly has a depth of 100 meters C. During summer, it usually thaws down to a depth of 1 meter D. It is discontinuous in warmer areas E. All of the above are correct regarding permafrost

E. All of the above are correct regarding permafrost

An important element of its regional character is the North Pacific Coast's relative _____________from the rest of America. A. Distance B. Distinction C. Isolation D. Separation E. All of the above are important elements

E. All of the above are important elements

The region's average growing season is longer than 280 days and supports such crops as: A. Oranges B. Grapefruit C. Winter lettuce D. Tomatoes E. All of the above are supported in this region

E. All of the above are supported in this region

Which is TRUE about San Francisco's metropolitan area? A. It was the northern core of the Spanish interest in California B. It was the supply center for the Gold Rush C. It was the largest city on the West Coast until 1920 D. It was a focal point for Asian immigration to the United States E. All of the above are true

E. All of the above are true

Which is TRUE about the Bay Area Rapid Transit system? A. It serves San Francisco and the East Bay B. It is one of the newer mass transit systems in the country C. It has been unsuccessful in solving the Bay Area's traffic congestion D. It serves three of the area's nine counties E. All of the above are true

E. All of the above are true

Which of the following is NOT true of Portland? A. It is an old city by the standards of the region B. Portland is a major transshipment point for grain from eastern Washington C. Portland's economy is more diversified than Seattle's D. Portland has been deemed America's 'Most Livable City' E. All of the above are true

E. All of the above are true

Which of the following is a type of tundra vegetation? A. Lichens B. Grasses C. Mosses D. Shrubs E. All of the above are types of tundra vegetation

E. All of the above are types of tundra vegetation

The Southwest is made distinctive by the: A. Spanish-American culture B. American Indian culture C. Anglo cultures D. Its physical environment E. All of the above contribute to its distinctiveness

E. All of the above contribute to its distinctiveness

All of the following are TRUE regarding the Border Industrialization Program EXCEPT: A. For Mexico, the program offered the possibility of jobs for its people B. The attraction for U.S. firms was the opportunity to use low-cost labor at locations near the U.S. marketplace and sources of supply where transportation costs could be minimized C. Many firms have been attracted by the cost-saving opportunities D. Currently, an estimated 4,000 maquiladoras employ over one million Mexican laborers E. All of the above statements are correct

E. All of the above statements are correct

Everywhere north of the ____________ is in darkness for at least one day at midwinter and experiences at least a 24-hour period without the sun setting at midsummer. A. Tropic of Cancer B. Tropic of Capricorn C. Equator D. Antarctic Circle E. Arctic Circle

E. Arctic Circle

Wheat was planted by settlers in the early nineteenth century as they moved west because: A. It replenished the soils with nutrients, allowing for multiple crops each year B. It was a familiar crop to both the producers and the consumers C. It was a high-value crop with a reliable market demand D. Both A and B E. Both B and C

E. Both B and C

Between 1900 and 1997, the Midwest census showed: A. That the number of residents per farm has decreased by 18% B. That the number of farms has decreased C. That the number of residents per farm has increased by 18% D. That the average farm size has increased E. Both B and D

E. Both B and D

Which of the following terms best describes places where vessels were unloaded and their goods moved and reloaded onto other boats along the Northland waterway transportation network? A. Break-up points B. Overland portage Points C. Waterfall-bulk junctions D. Rapids trading posts E. Break-in-bulk points

E. Break-in-bulk points

What was the name of the new country early Mormons sought to create? A. Zion B. New Jerusalem C. Utah D. Antioch E. Deseret

E. Deseret

The development of sugar plantations created a need for: A. New and improved farm machinery to harvest the sugar B. Increased trade with Asia C. New and better irrigation systems D. Smaller farms owned by individuals instead of large land-owners E. Imported labor

E. Imported labor

All of the following are TRUE about the California megalopolis EXCEPT: A. It stretches for 185 of coastline B. It is home to 19.2 million Californians C. It contains the second largest city in the country D. It extends from Santa Barbara to San Diego E. It began its urban shift just after World War II

E. It began its urban shift just after World War II

The fastest growing city in the Empty Interior is: A. Denver B. Tucson C. Flagstaff D. Boise E. Las Vegas

E. Las Vegas

Which of the following is NOT a primary industry of the Californian megalopolis? A. Tourism B. Oil extraction C. Defense contracting D. Entertainment E. Mineral extraction

E. Mineral extraction

Arizona and New Mexico together are the home to about how many American Indians? A. Less than 50,000 B. 100,000 C. 200,000 D. 300,000 E. Nearly 400,000

E. Nearly 400,000

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints was founded in: A. Missouri B. California C. Utah D. Nevada E. New York

E. New York

All of the following are states in the Empty Interior EXCEPT: A. Alaska B. Montana C. Utah D. California E. Oklahoma

E. Oklahoma

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding the Great Plains region? A. The region's topography and vegetation show little variation B. The High Plains sub-region is known for its sandy and porous topsoil C. The Black Hills are located in South Dakota and Wyoming D. One can find 100-foot tall sand dunes in Nebraska E. Prairie grasses have shallow, simple root systems in order to take maximum advantage of the region's precipitation

E. Prairie grasses have shallow, simple root systems in order to take maximum advantage of the region's precipitation

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding the Great Plains region? A. The region's topography and vegetation show little variation B. The High Plains subregion is known for its sandy and porous topsoil C. The Black Hills are located in South Dakota and Wyoming D. One can find 100-foot tall sand dunes in Nebraska E. Prairie grasses have shallow, simple root systems in order to take maximum advantage of the region's precipitation

E. Prairie grasses have shallow, simple root systems in order to take maximum advantage of the region's precipitation

All of the following are cities in the California Central Valley EXCEPT: A. Stockton B. Sacramento C. Fresno D. Bakersfield E. Santa Barbara

E. Santa Barbara

Which state has the GREATEST power capacity from wind farming? A. California B. Kansas C. Nebraska D. Missouri E. Texas

E. Texas

Mixed hardwood forests in Ohio, Indiana, and lower Michigan were signs that: A. Settlers before them had planted timber B. Native Americans were present in the area C. The land was useless to them D. That there would be too much work to do before crops could be planted E. The area had sufficient moisture and good soils for crops

E. The area had sufficient moisture and good soils for crops

All of the following are leading California agriculture products EXCEPT: A. Dates B. Figs C. Walnuts D. Almonds E. Wheat

E. Wheat

Mennonite immigrants from the Ukraine are credited with the introduction of what crop to the Great Plains? A. Corn B. Sorghum C. Soybeans D. Sunflowers E. Winter wheat

E. Winter wheat