Earth Science Chapter 2
Rocks that contain crystals that are roughly equal in size and can be identified with the unaided eye are said to exhibit a ________ texture.
"coarse-grained" texture.
If a rock is formed below the surface, it should have what kind of texture?
A grain-like texture.
What is a metamorphic rock?
An original rock is subjected to heat and pressure, causing profound physical or chemical change. This process is known as metamorphism.
What is Andesite?
Andesite is an extrusive igneous, volcanic rock, of intermediate composition, with aphanitic to porphyritic texture. AKA- An igneous rock solidified above land and therefor has a mixed composition. Creating a rock with pores of different rocks.
Magma that might have cooled slowly to produce a diorite is instead erupted at Earth's surface. It would chill rapidly and produce a(n) ________.
Andesite!
How is a Sedimentary rock formed?
Are formed by the deposition and subsequent cementation of mineral or organic particles on the floor of oceans or other bodies of water at the Earth's surface.
In order to metamorphose, metamorphic rocks must melt.
FALSE! Metamorphic rocks do not need to melt in order to metamorphose.
The parent rock of marble is sandstone. -True -False
False The parent rock of marble is limestone or dolostone rocks.
Rusting is an example of mechanical weathering. -True -False
False! Rust is iron-oxide. Mechanical weathering is the process of breaking big rocks into little ones.
Mud cracks and ripple marks are common features of igneous rocks. -True -False
False! No way! In an igneous rock? No way! LOOK AT THAT ROCK!
Which of the following rock types represents the highest grade of metamorphism? -gneiss -slate -schist -phyllite
GNEISS!
What can be said of the temperature at which a granite crystallizes?
Granite crystallizes at temperatures of about 750° C.
How is an Igneous rock formed?
Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Which one of the following is an igneous rock? -limestone -rhyolite -quartz -slate
Rhyolite!
An igneous rock that shows a vesicular texture ________. -must be extrusive. -contains many small holes, like Swiss cheese -must be fine grained
Trick Question ALL THE ABOVE! An igneous rock that shows a vesicular texture must be fine grained, extrusive, and contains many small holes, like Swiss cheese.
Given the right conditions any kind of rock can be transformed into any other kind of rock. -True -False
True! A rock can be changed into any other kind of rock!
All varieties of limestone are dominated by the mineral calcite. -True -False
True! ALL TYPES of limestone are dominated by the mineral calcite.
A large proportion of feldspar sets arkose apart from regular sandstone. -True -False
True! Feldspar sets arkose apart from regular sandstone!
All metamorphic rocks began as other rocks ("parent rocks") that were then subjected to elevated temperatures or pressures. -True -False
True. That one was easy. ;)
Granite is ________.
coarse-grained and dominated by QUARTS and FELDSPAR crystals.
Which rock type is most likely to have been deposited in a high- energy environment (such as a very turbulent stream)? -chert -conglomerate -shale -microcrystalline limestone
conglomerate
Regional metamorphism occurs during...
mountain building
