earth science- the sun
What is the hottest and coolest type of star? What are their surface temperatures?
blue stars are hottest and dwarfs (red) are coolest
what are the surface temps for blue, white, yellow, and red stars?
blue=30000 white= 11000 yellow=6000 red=3000
What are severe storms on the surface of the sun called?
granuals
what things on earth are affected by sunspot activity?
gravity
What greek word does helium come from and what does it literally mean?
helios - sun
what is the size of the sun compared to other stars?
it is much larger
who invented the spectroscope?
joseph fraunhaufer
what things happen in the atmosphere?
looks like grass growing on the sun. you might see a prominence - which is material that goes up and then returns to the surface
what group of stars is the sun part of?
milky way galaxy
what are the advantages of solar energy?
no waste products, and high quality energy weaker in morning and evening than midday and only availible during daytime and sunny days
When was the sun created?
on day 4
What is the state of matter that the surface of the sun is in?
plasma
what is sunlight made up of?
plasma
what type of solar radiation causes sunburns?
uv
What information does it give us when we break down the light of a star?
we use a diffraction grating
List the radiation the sun is giving off, in order,from shortest to longest
Radio, Intra red, color spectrum, roy gibiv, ultraviolent, xrays, gamarays
how often does the sun reach a maximum number of sunspots?
every 11 years
What is the distance from the earth to the sun (kilometers)
150 million km
What percentage of the matter in our solar system is in our sun?
99%
What is the diameter of the sun (kilometers)
1.4 million km
how many elements are in the sun?
103-60
What is the suns period of rotation at the equator? 40 degrees north or south latitude? at the pole?
25 days, north, 35 days
what is the surface temperature of the sun (in Celsius)? type of star?
6,000 c - yellow dwarf
what are the two most abundant elements?
Hydrogen and hellium
What color does the sun look? What are three reasons it looks this color?
Yellow, 1. yellow is strongly emitted 2.human eye is more sensitive to yellow 3. yellow passes more easily through the earths atmosphere
how is the sun moving through space?
collumba, hercules
What are the three interior layers of the sun (from innermost to outermost)
core radioactive zone, convective zone
What is the visible surface of the sun called?
corona
what are the two layers of the suns atmosphere? which is closest to surface? which is thicker?
corona (thickest) and chromosphere (closest)
what device is used to study the suns atmosphere? what does it do to allow us to see the atmosphere?
coronugraph - produces an artificial solar eclipse
which direction is the sun rotating?
counter-clockwise
What are severe storms on the surface of the sun called?
solar flares
What device is used to break down light? what does it use to actually break it down?
spectroscope, eletricity
What is the boundary between the two layers of the sun's atmosphere called?
spicules
What are dark spots on the surface of the sun called? What are the two parts and how are they different?
sunspots -- unbra (darker) -- penumbra (lighter)