earth science unit 6 test
Which of the following locations will most likely have the highest rate of evaporation?
Atlantic Ocean
Precipitation _____.
exceeds evaporation over land
When water freezes, it _____.
expands and becomes less dense
About 70% of Earth's freshwater is _____.
frozen in glaciers and ice caps
Most saltwater-use is to _____.
generate electricity
Water _____.
is neither an acid nor a base
What does a wavelength measure?
the horizontal distance between two crests
Select all of the answers that apply. Water _____.
- can dissolve most substances - contains dissolved minerals - expands when it freezes
Select all of the answers that apply. Thermohaline circulation is driven by _____.
- density - salinity - temperature
Select all of the answers that apply. Warm water _____.
- is less dense than cold water - has lower salinity than cold water
About 90% of Earth's ice is found in _____.
Antarctica
Which of the following statements is true?
Saltwater can be treated and used for drinking water.
Neap tides happen when _____.
The Sun and moon are at right angles to the earth.
Melinda lives in a larger, U-shaped valley. It was most likely formed by _____.
a glacier
Juliet is using a paper towel to clean up a juice spill. The liquid sticks to the paper towel because of _____.
adhesion
permeable
allowing a fluid to pass through
A watershed is _____.
an area where all draining water goes into the same river system
Tides _____.
are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and Sun
Recent warming trends _____.
are causing polar ice to retreat
Most lakes _____.
are in high latitudes and mountain regions
Lakes _____.
are recharged by precipitation
fetch
distance over which wind blows without interruption or change of direction
Total global precipitation is _________ total global evaporation.
equal to
Glaciers _____.
form when snow compresses into ice
Which of the following is the largest source of available freshwater?
groundwater
The water in the Dead Sea has a salinity of 300 ppt. The water _____.
has 300 grams of salt per 1000 grams of sea water
Where is 70% of Earth's fresh water stored?
in glaciers
During a rainstorm, water seeps into the ground. This process is called _____.
infiltration
The Kuroshio Current _____.
is the largest current in the Pacific Ocean
ice cap
large, dome-shaped mass of ice
gyre
large, rotating current loops caused by the Coriolis effect
Which of the following materials is most porous?
loosely packed gravel
Most lakes were formed from _____.
melting glaciers
Alberta dives deep into the ocean on a scuba trip. As she descends into the ocean, the water becomes _____.
more dense
Water in the deep ocean is _________ water in the surface layer.
more dense than
impermeable
not allowing a fluid to pass through
How freely water moves into and through soil or rock is called _____.
permeability
evaporation
process by which liquid water changes into a gas
infiltration
process by which precipitation soaks into the ground
The water table _____.
rises and falls with precipitation and use
Winds blow in curved loops because of Earth's _____.
rotation
About 97% of Earth's water is _____.
saltwater
The hydrogen side of a water molecule is _____.
slightly positive
In the Northern Hemisphere, gyres _____.
spin clockwise
Most of Earth's freshwater is _____.
stored as ice
The water table is _____.
the top layer of the saturated zone
The moon's gravitational pull causes _____.
tides
In the water cycle, _____.
total evaporation equals total precipitation
Plants add water to the atmosphere through _____.
transpiration
Tiny creeks or streams which merge to form a river are called:
tributaries
Earth's water is _____.
unequally distributed
Surface currents are driven by _____.
wind
Surface currents are generated by _____.
wind
Select all of the answers that apply. The strength of a wind-generated wave depends on _____.
- length of fetch area - wind speed
Select all of the answers that apply. George goes on a deep ocean dive. As he dives deeper into the ocean, _____.
- temperature decreases - pressure increases - salinity increases
Julio blows air across his hot bowl of soup. The tiny ripples he creates are similar to _____.
wind-generated waves
Water changing from a liquid to a gas is _____.
evaporation
In landlocked lakes, water is discharged primarily through _____.
evaporation
How much of Earth's freshwater is found underground?
30%
Which of the following statements is true?
Groundwater is the largest available source of freshwater.
Which of the following statements is true?
The Arctic ice cap floats on top of the Arctic Ocean.
Rip currents are caused by _____.
breaks or changes in longshore currents
Rivers _____.
change the landscape through erosion