EDEC 3610-Midterm Review (Ch 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)

Some important things you can teach through modeling include all except: A. Kindness and caring B. Respect for others C. Productive ways of expressing feelings D. Academic success

D. Academic Success

Ability to regulate emotions is affected by all but which one of the following? A. Brain development B. Genetic makeup C. Temperament D. Academic success

D. Academic success

Examples of temperament include all but which of the following? A. Kylie jumps right in to new activities without hesitation. B. Emerson hangs back and watches the other children playing. C. Sadie gets mad very easily. D. Carter needs to eat more often than other children.

D. Carter needs to eat more often than other children.

Finish this sentence, "Conflict in the class or on the playground A. should cause children to be suspended." B. are inevitable. Kids will be kids." C. are an opportunity for learning life skills." D. upsets everyone and should be avoided whenever possible."

C. are an opportunity for learning life skills."

Learning to enter play is a critical social skill. Which of these approaches would not help a child learn to enter play? A. Helping an excluded child watch to see how he or she could contribute to ongoing play. B. Having an excluded child join a group and start playing what they are playing, without asking to join C. Watching and coaching an excluded child as he or she tries to enter play. D. Having a classroom rule against excluding anyone from playing with you.

D. Having a classroom rule against excluding anyone from playing with you.

Which of the following is not true about competition? A. Cultures that emphasize individualism such as European Americans tend to be more competitive than cultures that emphasize collectivism, such as Native Americans and African Americans. B. When a child competes with a past personal record instead of with classmates, each child can feels a sense of accomplishment and be motivated to keep trying. C. If you pit children against one another, you undermine the development of kindness and cooperation, so competition is incompatible with the goal of building a caring community. D. In the years from ages 3 to 18 boys and girls are equally competitive but it is demonstrated in different ways; boys are more physically competitive and girls are more socially and artistically competitive

D. In the years from ages 3 to 18 boys and girls are equally competitive but it is demonstrated in different ways; boys are more physically competitive and girls are more socially and artistically competitive

Modeling is a powerful teaching tool for all these reasons except: A. Information gathered from observation is stored for later use. B. Observations can be adapted to meet individual goals. C. Imitating others is a natural way of learning. D. Mindless imitation is a typical process.

D. Mindless imitation is a typical process.

Which of the following statements regarding supporting children's emotional development is false? A. A positive emotional environment supports children's self-esteem in both identity ("I can") and mastery ("I am"). B. Deceit damages relationships, but adults are often guilty of not being truthful with children; usually this is an effort to protect children by making light of their fears and concerns. C. Relationships provide the foundation for building community and for effective teaching in general and classrooms include multiple types of relationships: between teachers and children, among children and peers, and between the teacher and the child's family. D. With young children, get down to their physical level and follow their lead in play, listen to children talk about their interests and experiences, give hugs and high-fives, hold a child's hand, have a meaningful conversation over snack or lunch, and greet them individually.

A. A positive emotional environment supports children's self-esteem in both identity ("I can") and mastery ("I am").

Discovering the causes of behavior problems is a complex process. Which of the following would be the least helpful part of the process? A. Assessing the child's academic skills. B. Asking yourself if your behavioral expectations are appropriate for this child. C. Determining whether the child has unmet needs. D. Observing the child's behavior and noting the circumstances surrounding inappropriate behavior

A. Assessing the child's academic skills.

Select the best definition for integrated curriculum. A. It deepens understanding and includes interesting activities in many subjects. B. Curriculum that is unbiased; it is for all children, regardless of race. C. It is predetermined in a subject like math, with scope and sequence for each grade. D. Curriculum that is correlated to a topic with many fun things to do, like make pet rocks

A. It deepens understanding and includes interesting activities in many subjects.

Appropriate behavior expectations vary from one child to another, due to cultural values. Which of the following statements is not true? A. It is necessary that children learn to be independent. B. Competition, so common in school, is against the values of some cultures. C. Holding all children to the same standard is unfair to some. D. It may be considered rude to look at the person speaking to you.

A. It is necessary that children learn to be independent.

Why do children who find the curriculum interesting and relevant have fewer behavior problems? A. It keeps them motivated and on-task. B. Since they get to do whatever they want, there are no behavior problems. C. The curriculum offers them a chance to compete and win. D. Because of the novelty involved with cutting out snowflakes in Miami in January.

A. It keeps them motivated and on-task.

Which of the following is not a true statement? A. Movement as an emotional stress reliever is more important for girls than boys. B. Junk food can play a role in behavior problems. C. Movement and physical play stimulates brain development. D. Play helps children develop skills that can prevent and solve discipline problems.

A. Movement as an emotional stress reliever is more important for girls than boys.

Which of the following is not a feature of Constructivist guidance? A. Respect is an important part of Constructivist guidance; you must demand that children show you respect. B. Encouraging children to make their own choices so they can learn from them. C. Your respect for children is an essential part of Constructivist guidance. D. Helping children understand why their behavior is desirable or undesirable.

A. Respect is an important part of Constructivist guidance; you must demand that children show you respect.

Which of the following are not considered indicators of positive relationships in this chapter? A. Secrets with the teacher B. Warm, responsive physical contact C. Calm voices, simple language D. One-on-one, face-to-face, friendly conversations

A. Secrets with the teacher

Thomas Gordon identified three parts to a complete "I message." The authors include an important fourth point. What is it? A. Stop talking. B. Ask the child if they understand. C. Observe what the child does next. D. Watch the child's body language to see if they understand

A. Stop talking

Which of these strategies is not likely to promote a positive social climate in the class? A. The classroom is quiet so children can concentrate on their individual work. B. Early in the year, teachers and volunteer parents take their students on a 1- or 2-day overnight outing, possibly to a nearby camp with cottages for sleeping and a lodge for group gatherings. C. Disagreements are viewed as teaching opportunities instead of reasons to keep kids apart. D. Leadership and cooperation are life skills and considered equally as important as reading and mathematics.

A. The classroom is quiet so children can concentrate on their individual work.

Teachers can best determine a young child's intellectual abilities in which of the following ways? A. Through careful observation and attention to children's questions. B. Ask the parents. C. Give the child a standardized test. D. Ask them to answer questions as a group and see who knows the most.

A. Through careful observation and attention to children's questions.

The best way to help children understand about desirable behavior versus undesirable behavior involves: A. giving children experiences that help them understand the significance of their behavior. B. removing a toy that children are fighting over. C. raising or rewarding children's desirable behavior. D. explaining why a rule or request is important to desirable behavior

A. giving children experiences that help them understand the significance of their behavior.

Which of these behaviors indicates adults are listening to children? A. "You're okay. Stop crying now. That didn't hurt so much." B. "So she said she won't invite you to her party?" C. "That was mean of the other kids. Would you like a popsicle?" D. "That was mean of the other kids. Would you like a popsicle?"

B. "So she said she won't invite you to her party?"

Which of the following is an example of social knowledge? A. Children learning to play well together B. Children learning the names of the birds outside C. Children telling lies to get out of trouble D. Children making friends and sharing toys

B. Children learning the names of the birds outside

Which of the following statements about young children's social skills is not true? A. Physical, emotional, and intellectual development combine to influence a child's level of social skills B. Children usually outgrow problems related to social skills. C. Children who don't learn to make friends when young usually continue to have social problems. D. Lack of social skills is the most common cause of discipline problems

B. Children usually outgrow problems related to social skills.

Being able to relate to someone, feelings of having something in common, is described in this chapter as one aspect of an effective role model. Which of the following is not related to the principle of similarity in effective role models? A. Effective role models spend time getting to know children in order to point out similarities in experiences. B. Effective role models are people who children like. C. Effective role models speak a common language with children. D. Effective role models share ethnicity or culture with children.

B. Effective role models are people who children like

Children who do not develop a loving relationship with a primary caregiver would be expected to demonstrate all but which one of the following behaviors? A. Difficulty expressing feelings B. Excessive friendliness C. Aggression toward others D. Impulsive, unpredictable behaviors

B. Excessive friendliness

Which of the following is a common pitfall with reflective listening? A. Not giving enough detailed and thoughtful advice. B. Guiding them to a solution by asking probing questions. C. Asking if you have correctly understood what the person was saying. D. Letting the child solve the problem.

B. Guiding them to a solution by asking probing questions.

Joanne is taking her preschool class on a walking field trip to a nearby park. She is concerned about their safety, so she insists that each child hold on to a rope and walk single file. To save having everyone walk out of the way to a cross-walk, she makes sure there are no cars coming and takes the group across the street at midblock. She lets only one child at a time to across on the playground bars and insists on no climbing back up the slide. Which of Joanne's practices is modeling undesirable behavior and is likely to be imitated? A. Only letting one child at a time use the playground bars B. Not using the cross-walk C. Making kids hold on to a rope for a walk D. Not letting kids climb up the slide

B. Not using the cross-walk

How you talk to kids makes a big difference in whether they listen to you. Which of the following is most likely to result in children listening? A. Keep repeating what they did wrong until they understand B. Speak like you are talking to an adult acquaintance. C. Tell it like it is, even if it hurts feelings. D. Offer up an excuse for the behavior.

B. Speak like you are talking to an adult acquaintance.

Effective role models are those whom children perceive to be all except: A. Fun B. Strict C. Friendly D. Important

B. Strict

Which of the following statements is not true about why an intellectual learning environment is important to promote positive guidance strategies? A. A rich learning environment offers many opportunities for children to explore and investigate at leading edge of their development, through adequate time with concrete materials, so they have need to explore areas that might be dangerous or troublesome. B. Teachers make time for planned activities such as worksheets, where all children practice the same letter at the required time, so the teacher knows every child has equal opportunity to learn and access the materials C. When children can access materials themselves, there is less waiting and more learning. Children who are bored and things to entertain themselves; rolling around on the floor while the teacher talks playfully kicking the next child can be an interesting diversion. D. Blocks or dramatic play props are open-ended activities that can help children feel challenged an experience success so they have less need to bully others in order to feel victorious

B. Teachers make time for planned activities such as worksheets, where all children practice the same letter at the required time, so the teacher knows every child has equal opportunity to learn and access the materials

When a family believes in punishment to control their child, which response by the teacher is the least helpful? A. Share research about results of punishment. B. Tell the parents they are wrong to punish their child. C. Explain about long-term versus short-term goals. D. Discuss the value of self-discipline and moral autonomy.

B. Tell the parents they are wrong to punish their child.

Adults are constantly reminding children to "share" and young children are generally reluctant. Why is sharing a problem? There are several reasons children don't want to share. Which of the following is not one of them? A. They don't yet fully understand that others have feelings. B. They have not been taught that sharing is right C. They can't think about another child's wishes, only their own. D. They don't understand that sharing is temporary and not permanent.

B. They have not been taught that sharing is right

It is easy to mistakenly send a "you message" even if you begin with the word "I." Which of the following is a disguised "you message"? A. "I see you carrying the guinea pig. It worries me that she could be injured if you dropped her." B. "I hear arguing over the rules of the game. It is sad to me that Sara had to move to a different table because it was so loud over here and she could not concentrate." C. "I see the blocks have been left out again. Please pick them up now." D. "Ouch, it hurts when you pinch me like that."

C. "I see the blocks have been left out again. Please pick them up now."

Which of these strategies is likely to be most help children settle down to a peaceful rest time? A. Rotate the location of each child's cot, but be sure to let friends sleep next to each other sometimes B. Read exciting adventure stories to keep their interest until they fall asleep. C. Allow kids to take off restrictive clothing such as shoes and loosen clothes that are too tight. D. Put them down right after lunch, so they will have plenty of play time in the afternoon

C. Allow kids to take off restrictive clothing such as shoes and loosen clothes that are too tight.

Nolan is screaming at Joe for knocking down his block structure. The kindergarten teacher comes to see what is happening. Which of the following teacher responses does not work toward long-term guidance goals? A. Enlarging the block area to make room for more children. B. Helping the boys to talk to each other about what happened. C. Asking Joe to apologize to Nolan. D. Encouraging Joe to help Nolan repair the block structure

C. Asking Joe to apologize to Nolan

Which of these strategies are most likely to help school-age children make friends? A. Teachers respect children even if they have not yet learned to give the teacher respect; they will in time. B. Children who are chatting too much with each other should be separated so they can get their work completed independently and on time. C. Each child, even those with special needs, is celebrated for their own contributions and talents. D. Shy children should be made to stand up and share their ideas with the whole class frequently because we all get better at what we practice.

C. Each child, even those with special needs, is celebrated for their own contributions and talents.

Things the teacher can do to effectively teach students to be good classroom citizens include all except: A. Letting kids know in advance about any change in schedule or plans B. Keeping the teacher's desk and materials orderly C. Enforcing school rules about citizenship D. Helping kids pick up their blocks, papers, or other materials

C. Enforcing school rules about citizenship

A child's gender also must play a big role when setting behavioral expectations. Which of the following statements about differences between boys and girls is not true? A. Boys generally require more movement than girls. B. Boys generally are more aggressive than girls. C. Girls tend to develop spatial skills earlier than boys D. Girls tend to develop verbal skills earlier than boys

C. Girls tend to develop spatial skills earlier than boys

Which of the following is not a true statement about emotion development stages? A. Young children who refuse to cooperate may need more personal power or their behavior will become worse. B. Babies who are left to "cry it out" may not develop healthy relationships in life. C. Giving children a lot of choices and other personal power can create discipline problems. D. Meaningful work is important to children's healthy emotional development and positive behavior

C. Giving children a lot of choices and other personal power can create discipline problems.

Which of the following are not one of the domains used to organize environments in this chapter? A. Social B. Physical C. Language and literacy D. Emotional

C. Language and literacy

Which of the following statements is false? A. Social knowledge cannot be learned by messing around in the world. B. Social knowledge is directly taught by someone from the culture. C. Physical knowledge is gained through big-body, large-muscle movements. D. Logico-mathematical knowledge is the result of conclusions kids make.

C. Physical knowledge is gained through big-body, large-muscle movements.

There are many things you as a teacher can do to help a child with attachment problems. Which of the following is not one of them? A. Give the child extra loving attention B. Accept the child as a hurting child rather than an unpleasant child C. Refuse to allow the child to express anger toward you D. Provide the child with a predictable and safe environment

C. Refuse to allow the child to express anger toward you

Having friends is the basis for learning social skills and the motivation for using them. Which of these approaches is not recommended? A. Using arguments between friends to teach conflict resolution skills. B. Using arguments between friends to teach about the needs and feelings of others. C. Separating best friends so they interact more with other children. D. Encouraging friends to play together.

C. Separating best friends so they interact more with other children.

Which of the following examples provides children with a positive role model for communicating? A. Show children your positive emotions through laughter and joy so they will be joyful. B. If you cannot say something nice, do not say anything at all. C. Tell children when you have difficulties and are hurt, fearful, or sad. D. Let your anger show through words and actions so they can see they have displeased you

C. Tell children when you have difficulties and are hurt, fearful, or sad.

Helping children develop emotional competence (emotion coaching) involves all but which one of the following? A. Modeling appropriate expressions of your own feelings B. Acknowledging and accepting children's feelings C. Telling children not to cry at minor disappointments D. Helping children put their feelings into words

C. Telling children not to cry at minor disappointments

Which of the following is true about conflict-resolution programs? A. The Process Curriculum approach teaches conflict resolution by integrating it across all subjects the curriculum. B. When parents are brought into the conflict-resolution process, children become confused between the differences in discipline at home and school, so families should not be included. C. The 4 Rs Program: Reading, Writing, Respect, and Resolution is an example of a schoolwide program that has been found to be quite successful. D. The Peaceable School approach can be adopted by a single classroom teacher.

C. The 4 Rs Program: Reading, Writing, Respect, and Resolution is an example of a schoolwide program that has been found to be quite successful.

Can you pick out the error from among these descriptions of young children's thinking? A. Young children's thinking about rules is different from that of older children and adults. B. Lying and stealing may result from lack of understanding for young children. C. Young children enjoy competitive games with winners and losers. D. Young children have trouble understanding the needs and views of others

C. Young children enjoy competitive games with winners and losers.

Which of the following statements about guidance models is false? A. Maturationist approaches expect children to learn on their own as they mature. B. Punishment and reward are the main features of Behaviorist guidance. C. Obedience is a lower-level goal than helping children behave due to understanding. D. Constructivist guidance is a blend of strict Behaviorism and lenient Maturation approaches

D. Constructivist guidance is a blend of strict Behaviorism and lenient Maturation approaches

First-grader Emily is supposed to be doing a workbook page about telling time, but instead she is playing with a small toy she brought from home. There are many possible causes for this behavior. Which of these is probably not one of them? A. Telling time involves symbolic representation and is not meaningful to most first graders. B. Emily may need the comfort of a toy from home. C. Workbooks are generally not interesting or meaningful to young children. D. Emily needs a pretend clock to help her learn to tell time.

D. Emily needs a pretend clock to help her learn to tell time.

Which of the following statements is false about working with families? A. When families are involved in school, there are fewer behavior problems B. When families are involved in children's learning, children gain security and confidence C. Family participation can enrich a class by sharing their culture and heritage D. Family volunteers should only have direct contact with their own child

D. Family volunteers should only have direct contact with their own child

Which of the following is not a long-term guidance goal? A. Positive Self-Esteem B. Self-Discipline C. Moral Autonomy D. Freedom of Choice

D. Freedom of Choice

Read the following behavior problem, which might have several possible causes. Which is the least likely cause? It is reading time in first grade. The children are supposed to rotate through reading-related activities at this time. Instead of getting a book to read from his personal box of "good fit" books, Jonah is wandering around the room and bothering others who are trying to read. A. Jonah is embarrassed that his books are the very easy ones. B. Jonah is tired of sitting still and needs movement. C. Jonah forgot where to find his box of books. D. Jonah likes to cause trouble in the classroom.

D. Jonah likes to cause trouble in the classroom.

Group times should be used for which of the following purposes? A. Show & Tell B. Learning facts with flash cards C. Teachers sharing detailed information about a subject D. Music and movement

D. Music and movement

Which of the following statements is false about creating an environment to prevent behavior problems? A. Many constructivist teachers in the primary grades are now following the principles of leaders such as Montessori, Piaget, and Vygotsky and choosing to eliminate individual desks from the classroom completely, in favor of tables or floor space for work areas. B. Exploring the environment comprises a great deal of the curriculum for infants and toddlers. C. Environments should include dimensions of hard and soft, open and closed, simple and complex, interactive and reflective, and high and low mobility. D. Opportunities for developing large muscles through play by throwing, climbing, running, jumping, and swinging should take place outdoors every day.

D. Opportunities for developing large muscles through play by throwing, climbing, running, jumping, and swinging should take place outdoors every day.

Which of the following is not a reason young children may have behavior problems due to unmet physical needs. A. They don't get enough nutritious food. B. They don't get enough rest time. C. They don't get enough recess time. D. They don't get enough fine muscle activity.

D. They don't get enough fine muscle activity.