EDP 201 final exam
According to the information presented in the Language Development Video, what is an explanation for why an individual will have a more difficult time learning a second language during adulthood as opposed to during childhood?
A person will have a more difficult time learning a language in adulthood than childhood because, your brain is already mostly developed so it is hard to retain a new structure of a language when your brain is already hardwired to another language.
Alejandro's parents believe that he is gifted, as do some of the teachers. According to the text, what might be one of the qualities he would display?
A. Lack of motivation on a task, especially ones that prove to be difficult B. Alejandro might display a well-developed vocabulary C. The ability to work more independently than his peers D. B & C
Miami University has one of the best football teams in NCAA history, and for the third year in a row, they are playing for the national championship. Also, this year's game is in Oxford and everyone is excited about this stroke of good fortune. The players are very confident that they can win their third national championship. Give three reasons, based on Bandura's work, why the players have a high sense of self-efficacy. Please use the actual terms and defintions.
According to Bandura's work the players have high self-efficacy due to the crowd hyping each other up, having mastery experiences of winning before, and logical thinking based on their performance now.
In one sentence, state which theorist and theory from the Learning Module you most identify with and why?
I most identify with Bandura's learning theory because, I believe if you believe in yourself (have a high self-efficacy)you can accomplish much more than a person who doubts their abilities.
List two of the four key features (not the stages, but the features of all of the stages) from Piaget's theory.
One feature is organization which is how we organize our thoughts. Another feature is adaptation which is how we change a schema either through assimilation or accommodation.
Each of the famous studies that were presented in the research unit violated some ethical standard. Choose one study and, in one sentence, state what was unethical about that study.
The Miligram study was unethical because there was no debriefing after the experiment ended.
In the literature we read for class about technology, there were many problems or concerns listed about technology. In one or two sentences, state the problem that you think is the most significant and explain the rationale behind your opinion.
The most significant problem with technology in classroom in unequal access. I think this due to the fact of 3 computers to 28 students being more fought over than used for educational purposes.
A new teacher sends out a form to parents and students to figure out the different intelligences within her classroom according to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences. According to the text and class discussion, name one way the teacher could use this information in her classroom?
The teacher can use Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences to vary in teaching methods so students that are more visual, auditory, or hands on can learn in their particular method. For example, the teacher can provide graphs and videos for both the visual and auditory students.
Which one of the following illustrates an appropriate behavioral example (indicator) of the cognitive objective, "Students will be able to understand the concept of correlation"?
a. "Achieve mastery on a quiz dealing with two-tailed t-tests." b. "Appreciate how and when correlation is used." c. "Comprehend the meaning of the concept of correlation." d. "Identify instances of positive and negative correlation."
In Kohlberg's Morality of Justice, the final stage of moral development is characterized by what?
a. Action that abides by the law b. Action that gains approval from peers c. Action that is rewarded and not punished d. Action that is consistent with self-chosen, general principles
What are teachers likely to experience as a result of IDEA 2004?
a. A classroom with a variety of children of different ethnic backgrounds b. A work environment with little to no accommodations for students c. A classroom with a few students who have special educational needs d. A school with funding dependent on the amount of students in attendance
Shiana displays several characteristics throughout the school day. Shiana ask questions that are of relevant, uses evidence to back up her ideas, and is able to apply her method of thinking across many subjects. According to the text, Shiana is showing characteristics of what kind of thinker?
a. A critical thinker b. A creative thinker c. A cognitive thinker d. A constructivist thinker
What did some of the children experience after their participation in the "Monster Study?"
a. A decrease in the amount of stuttering. b. Long-lasting psychological effects. c. An increase in the amount stuttering. d. None of the above.
Which of the following is the best example of a formative assessment?
a. A final exam given at the end of the semester b. A standardized test to determine student abilities c. A feedback card that conveys students' perception about their understanding d. A survey of students' perception about their understanding that is scored and sent to parents only
Nimuel moved to the United States two years ago. He finds that he is very different from his peers within his 5th grade classroom. When asked to talk about himself, he defines himself by how he is different from his peers instead of stating who he is. According to the text, what has Nimuel developed?
a. A minority identity b. A mainstream cultural identity c. An oppositional cultural identity d. A controversial identity
Which of the following is the best example of a lack of equity in access to technology for schools?
a. A teacher who now has several computers and tablets must modify her curriculum to incorporate these devices. b. A teacher in an urban district is frustrated because her district began utilizing Google Apps for Education instead of Edmodo. c. A teacher finds that he is not sufficiently trained to troubleshoot problems with his software. d. A teacher in a small, rural district with limited resources has only 3 computers for her class of 28.
Ingrid is a student who has been identified as gifted in mathematics. As such, her teacher provides her with additional instruction to the standard curriculum which includes more advanced goals and works on problems that are not assigned to the rest of the class. Ingrid is receiving curriculum that is
a. Accelerated b. Enriched c. Advanced d. Exceptional
Select all the scenarios that illustrate a bias in assessment
a. An assessment in a health education class in which all the doctors were males and all the nurses were females. b. Questions in a social studies class that portray asians only as immigrants. c. A latino student, enrolled in a course on US Sports, tries to answer a test item that requires knowledge of American Football.
Which of the following is recommended for school districts in regards to technology?
a. Ask teachers in the district to read more about technology and explore on their own. b. Provide more technology professional development for teachers. c. Provide teachers with unlimited access to school funds to increase use of technology. d. None of the above.
Bandura had a party and invited several well known theorists. He sees Skinner and Piaget talking at the other end of the room. Piaget says something to Skinner and Skinner replies. Bandura cannot hear the conversation, but he senses something is wrong. He rushes over, but before he could get there, Piaget angrily storms off and goes to talk with Vygotsky. Select ALL the answers that would be true in this scenario.
a. Bandura felt he could invite Skinner and Piaget because his (Bandura) theory has elements of both his guests. b. Skinner and Vygotsky would not agree on how learning occurs. c. Skinner and Piaget would not agree on how learning occurs. d. Vygotsky theory and Piaget theory have some common elements.
Match each scenario with the stage of Piaget's Cognitive Development that best fits that scenario. 1. sensorimotor 2. preoperational 3. concrete operational 4. formal operational
a. Billy sees a new toy ball and he immediately picks it up and puts it in his mouth. b. Heidi likes to pretend that a broom is a horse that she can ride while shouting "Neigh." c. Tariq realizes that if his bike tire loses air and goes flat, pumping air into the tire will return it to normal. d. Jacqueline and her friends are able to talk about things like the existence of global warming.
There are several points to keep in mind with regards to "average" height and weight. Which of the following is one of those points?
a. Boys and girls differ on height and weight in the early teenage years b. Individual differences in weight diverge more radically than differences in height c. Average height and weight is related somewhat to racial and cultural background d. All of the above
Service-Learning is major component of EDP 201. The text discussed many points of how Service-Learning is an effective instructional strategy. Which of the following were among these points?
a. Community partners will never be resistant to Service-Learning b. Service-Learning can be an effective punishment for poor class participation c. Service-Learning allows students to place social and community issues in a more vivid and lived context d. Service-Learning is effective in all curriculum and can easily be integrated into any course or program
The text discussed many reasons and purposes for using standardized tests. Among the following, which was not a reason or purpose discussed in the text?
a. Comparing students in a wider context, usually to national norms b. Evaluating both teacher and school performance c. Determining a student's grade d. Determining eligibility for a program
According to the book, what do teachers tend to overlook in girls?
a. Correct responses to questions asked in class. b. Their participation within the classroom. c. Their behavior within the classroom. d. How they interact with their peers in group work.
A school administrator wants to identify the top 10 percent of the senior students in order to recommend them for scholarship competition at the highest rated university in the state. What testing purpose would serve the administrator's purpose?
a. Criterion-referenced b. Diagnostic c. Norm-referenced d. Standardized
A student whose family is facing economic hardship and may not be receiving adequate food to eat is lacking what type of need, according to Maslow?
a. Deficit need b. Being need c. Survival need d. Nutritional need
Which of the following is a strategy that teachers can take to aid adolescents in resolving Erikson's crisis of identity versus role confusion?
a. Discourage experimentation with diverse roles b. Expose students to diverse role models c. Avoid referring students to counselors d. Do not tolerate sudden changes in students' life plans
You are a new teacher at RedHawk's Intermediate school, and you want to see the differences in creativity within your classroom. You ask your students to think of as many uses for a paperclip as they can. This type of thinking is called?
a. Divergent Thinking b. Convergent Thinking c. Creative Thinking d. Problem-Solving Thinking
Dustin is a second year teacher and he has just found out he is going to have a student with an intellectual disability in his classroom. Dustin has never worked with a student with this kind of disability and rather nervous. What are some teaching strategies that Dustin can look into for this student?
a. Dustin can allow the student to be secluded from group activities so the student can work alone b. Dustin can give the student extra time and more practice on certain activities and lessons c. Dustin can make sure to focus solely on academic skills for the child versus adaptive skill. d. A & C
A teacher is trying to figure out a way to encourage Erin to talk more during class discussion. She decides to try to compliment or praise Erin when she participates in group discussion. If the teacher only compliments Erin every so often that Erin participates in class, what is likely to happen?
a. Erin will learn to participate at a low rate and this behavior will be difficult to extinguish. b. Erin will learn to participate at a low rate and this behavior will be easy to extinguish. c. Erin will learn to participate at a high rate and this behavior will be difficult to extinguish. d. Erin will learn to participate at a high rate and this behavior will be easy to extinguish.
Maddie and Haley are both in preschool and dislike the sandwiches that were prepared for them at lunch. Maddie asks Haley if she would like to trade her sandwich for Maddie's sandwich. Haley agrees that she would like to do so. In Maddie's mind this is considered a morally good action. Which stage would Kohlberg consider Maddie to be in?
a. Ethics of Market Exchange b. Ethics of Obedience and Punishment c. Ethics of Law and Order d. Ethics of Peer Opinion
In Mr. Bombadil's English class, the students just finished reading Fahrenheit 451. He asks the class to consider the events in the story and write an essay about whether or not they believe Guy Montag's (the main character) actions were morally appropriate. Mr. Bombadil is engaging his class on what level of Bloom's Taxonomy?
a. Evaluation b. Knowledge c. Synthesis d. Comprehension
An educational researcher would like to examine the relationship between students' mathematical ability and their reading ability as he believes that reading is important in solving math problems. He measures their math abilities using a standard math test and check their reading ability using a commonly used reading test. What type of study would this best be called?
a. Experimental b. Ethnographic c. Correlational d. Quasi-Experimental
Kailin is two years old and is still in the process of language development. She is able to understand what is asked of her and to follow directions. However, Kailin has a hard time talking about what she wants or her needs. Given this information, in which area of vocabulary is Kailin strongest?
a. Expressive Vocabulary b. Demonstrative Vocabulary c. Receptive Vocabulary d. Reflexive Vocabulary
In the research unit, we discussed the famous experiment involving Little Albert. In that experiment, Albert was conditioned to fear a white rabbit. However, Albert also began to fear any other white or furry things. This idea that conditioned reactions spread to similar stimuli is known as what concept?
a. Extinction b. Discrimination c. Reinforcement d. Generalization
According to the text, which of the following students is an English Language Learner?
a. Ezekiel who is fluent in both English and Hebrew. b. Nadia who moved from Saudi Arabia speaks little English and is losing some of her heritage language. c. David who has a hard time understanding English literature in the classroom. d. None of the above.
Jasmine is a 17 year old girl who has a learning disability in reading and currently has an IEP. Jasmine currently reads at a 7th grade level, but excels in her math classes. Jasmine has a lot of friends and is a delight to her teachers. What are some of the possible goals that could be included on her IEP?
a. Finding employment once school has ended b. Understanding algebraic concepts c. Jasmine's parents need to do a social skills intervention with her at home. d. None of the above.
Teachers make use of both formal and informal assessments. Formal assessments, such as standardized tests, generally differ from informal assessment in what way?
a. Formal assessments are generally more valid b. Formal assessments are generally more reliable c. Formal assessments are generally more valid and reliable d. Formal assessments are generally less valid and reliable
When parents and teachers disagree with regards to the disability of a student, there must be a procedure involved to resolve the disagreement that is both fair and accessible to all parties involved. What is the title of the following right in IDEA?
a. Free, appropriate public education b. Least restrictive environment c. Due Process d. Individual educational program/ Individual education plan
Juan is a young student who is bilingual in English and Spanish. He is fluent in both languages and has no difficulty understanding directions in either English or Spanish. Juan's type of bilingualism is best described as what?
a. Functional b. Balanced c. Unbalanced d. Adaptive
Gerald loves basketball. He plays on his school's team and works hard during both practice and the games, even though he sometimes does not receive an external reward. In contrast, Gerald has very little interest in reading and his teacher has set up a system for him to be rewarded when he completes his reading. Which of these best describes Gerald's motivation for basketball and reading?
a. Gerald is intrinsically motivated to engage in basketball and extrinsically motivated to engage in reading. b. Gerald is extrinsically motivated to engage in basketball and intrinsically motivated to engage in reading. c. Gerald's love for basketball has generalized to reading d. Gerald is extrinsically motivated to engage in both basketball and reading.
Which one of the following ways of learning an applied skill is most consistent with a constructivist approach?
a. Have the teacher "walk" the students step-by-step through the process. b. Provide well-constructed worksheets with which students can practice individually. c. Use simplified, artificial materials in order to make the task easier for students. d. Use realistic materials and a group format to provide support for individuals.
Dante is fluent in both English and Italian. According to the text, what will Dante have a better grasp on than the other students?
a. He will have a better grasp on expressing concepts in more than one way. b. He will have a better grasp on understanding poetry and literature. c. He will have a better grasp on demonstrating comprehension of text. d. None of the above.
Haley overall feels that she is a good person and tries really hard in all aspects of her life. However, she struggles with math concept. When she is given a math problem she often has trouble understanding it. This scenario happened frequently during her first couple years of school, and now she thinks that she is bad at math, will never get better, and often gives up quickly when given a math problem. Which of the following is Haley's experience in regards to math?
a. High self-efficacy b. Low self-efficacy c. High self-esteem d. Low self-esteem
At the end of the year, you are required to proctor a test for students in your school. The results of this test will influence not only whether or not a student may be promoted to the next grade, but it will also will weigh heavily on your evaluation as a teacher. This type of test has become commonly known as a(n)
a. High-stakes test b. Evaluation test c. Summative test d. Standardized test
Based on the "new trends" in education mentioned in the text, which of these were seen as a having far-reaching effects on education? (check all that apply)
a. Increased emphasis on technology to support learning b. Increased accountability for students and teachers c. Increased interference in school issues by the federal government d. Increased diversity of the student population
Timothy and Jacob both love doing math problems, but for different reasons. Timothy thinks that doing math problems are fun, while Jacob gets rewards with a piece of candy for every 10 problems he completes correctly. What type of motivation does Timothy have? What type of motivation does Jacob have?
a. Intrinsic Motivation; Extrinsic Motivation b. Extrinsic Motivation; Intrinsic Motivation c. Both are Intrinsic forms of Motivation d. Both are Extrinsic forms of Motivation
Based on the readings and the video "The Danger of a Single Story," which statement is most true?
a. It is difficult to eliminate the characterizations of groups of people because unfortunately these groups reinforce the characterizations by their actions. b. It is difficult to eliminate the characterizations of groups of people because the characterizations are based on general truths that are evident. c. It is difficult to eliminate the characterizations of groups of people because most people are not aware that they make characterizations. d. The dangers of single stories are overstated because although the stories are present, most people do not pay attention to them.
Jimmy is in high school and he wants to be an artist. Unfortunately, he attends a school that does not have the resources to support his interests in sculpting or painting. Jimmy's brother plays football for the same school. The football team recently received new uniforms and the locker room was remodeled. Jimmy's parents are happy that the football team has support, but they do not understand why support for the arts is low. They are concerned that the country as a whole seems to be less interested in funding art and music programs, but there always seems to be enough funds for sports. Match the elements in Jimmy's life with their correct contexts according to Bronfenbrenner's model. 1. mesosystem 2. microsystem 3. macrosystem 4. chronosystem 5. expsystem
a. Jimmy's Parents b. The country's decline value of Arts programs. c. Jimmy's brother d. Parent Teachers association for Jimmy's school
Which one of the following students BEST illustrates the state of functional fixedness?
a. Kathy, a student who is trying to solve a math problem, explores many different strategies until she finds a reasonable answer. b. Rebecca, a third-grade teacher, sees the second-grade achievement scores for her new class and begins to form expectancies about individuals' abilities. c. Nathaniel, a student who is using a ruler for drawing lines, fails to realize that he can use its metal edge as a scraper to remove paint from his desk. d. Wendell, who is used to making "d" look like "b," continues to make the same error.
Anthony excels at completing puzzles and geography, especially map reading. According to Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences, what type of learning is Anthony most likely to be characterized as?
a. Kinesthetic/Bodily b. Mathematical/Logical c. Spatial d. Naturalist
For your history class you are trying to remember important background information about World War II. You already know a lot of the background information of World War I, so to help you study, you compare the similarities and differences between the two wars. Which strategy are you using to retain the information
a. Mnemonics b. Maintenance Rehearsal c. Chunking d. Elaborative Rehearsal
Mr. Michael is a fifth grade teacher at a local middle school. He wants to incorporate into his teaching lessons about morality and lessons of ethical understanding. He wants his students to consider and keep in mind questions like "What kind of person should I be?", and "How should I live my life?" According to the text, what is the name of the practical program Michael is considering using in his class?
a. Morality of Care b. Character Education c. Morality of Justice d. Metacognition Lesson
Mrs. Pumpernickel administers a standardized assessment to a group of students to determine how much they know about mathematics. However, the students are all ELL students who have limited English proficiency. The test itself is primarily in English. The students do poorly on the test and Mrs. Pumpernickel concludes that the students need to be remediated in math. Which of the following is true of this scenario?
a. Mrs. Pumpernickel's assessment lacks reliability because different raters may score the test differently b. Mrs. Pumpernickel's assessment lacks validity because it was not appropriate for the students selected c. Mrs. Pumpernickel's assessment lacks both validity and reliability d. Mrs. Pumpernickel's assessment was valid and reliable
Select all the statements that are True.
a. National standards are sometimes broad and abstract. b. State standards provide direct guidance to teachers c. Teacher should base their lesson objectives on state and national standards. d. Teacher have some autonomy in how they interpret and enact standards.
You present a child with the following glasses and pour an equal amount of water into each glass. You then ask the child, "Does the glass on the right have more or does the glass on the left have more, or are they the same?" The child responds that the glass on the left has more because it is "higher." This child has not developed what concept?
a. Object Permanence b. Reversibility c. Decentration d. Conservation
Mohammed is a young infant who is playing with a ball with his mother. His mother then covers the ball with a cup. She is surprised when Mohammed does not move the cup to get the ball. Rather, he moves on to another toy. In this scenario, Mohammed most likely has not developed what concept?
a. Object Permanence b. Theory of Mind c. Egocentrism d. Conservation
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following would need to be satisfied before a student could truly be focused on learning?
a. Physiological needs b. Safety and security needs c. Love and belonging needs d. All of the above
Jamal is very considerate of the needs of his peers and family. He does not take into much consideration of his own needs. According to Gilligan, which moral position is Jamal in?
a. Position 1:Survival orientation b. Position 2: Conventional Care c. Position 3: Integrated Care d. Position 4: Assimilated Care
Which is the most important feature of a fully multicultural educational program?
a. Prejudice reduction. b. Awareness of cultural diversity. c. Integrating cultural content. d. Malleable teaching strategies.
As a teacher in a very diverse school population you notice that the school has a tendency to force bilingual children to learn English and not to bother with their heritage language. According to the text, what are some of the things you could say to your coworkers to convince them that the students will benefit from preserving the heritage language?
a. Remind your colleagues that it is required by state law to preserve the heritage language. b. Inform your co-workers that any student who has a large vocabulary in their first language will save teachers some time teaching vocabulary in English. c. Talk to your colleagues about incorporating more lesson plans in regards to the English language. d. You should tell your coworkers nothing, because they are doing the right thing.
Keisha, a 3 year old, engages in "make-believe" play where she uses her imagination to act out various scenes and speaks with imaginary persons. Keisha is most likely in which one of Piaget's stages of development?
a. Sensorimotor b. Pre-Operational c. Concrete Operational d. Formal Operational
When observing your students at recess, you notice that most of the boys are playing kickball while most of the girls are talking in groups of two or three. This behavior is best explained by what the text termed
a. Sex Differences b. Gender Differences c. Parental Attitudes d. Cultural Differences
What is the title of a program that gradually teaches English over a period of several years for students who are English Language Learners?
a. Sink or Swim Approach b. Additive Approach c. Preserve Approach d. Immersive Approach
A math teacher wants to find out why her students are having trouble understanding fractions. She reviews their homework, analyzes their quiz scores, and even speaks to some students about the topic. She decides to try a new strategy for teaching fractions that she learned at a conference for math teachers. She will try the new strategy then examine the students' homework and quiz scores. What type of research is the teacher employing?
a. Student-Based Research b. Observational Research c. Experimental Research d. Action Research
As a new middle Social Studies school teacher you want to be sure that your students are thinking critically about World War I. Which is the best example of something that you could observe in a student to know that they are thinking critically?
a. Students are able to ask questions about the dates of important battles in the war b. Students are able to identify the countries involved in the war. c. Students are able to evaluate evidence for ideas about how the war started d. Students are able to use the internet to look up information about the war
Which one of the following is likely to be an objective written by a teacher from the cognitive viewpoint?
a. Students will list four characteristics of classic drama. b. Students will define and conjugate ten French verbs. c. Students will calculate the answers to distance problems. d. Students will understand "aesthetic distance" in drama.
Match the following learning objective to the correct level of Bloom's Taxonomy. The levels from the old and new Taxonomies are included: 1. knowledge/ remembering 2. synthesis/ creating 3. comprehension/ understanding 4. evaluating/ evaluation
a. Students will list the main characters in The Great Gatsby b. Students will develop a constructivist lesson plan on New York City life during the 1920's c. Students will summarize Chapter 4 of The Great Gatsby and identify main ideas d. Students will reflect on the theme of social class in The Great Gatsby and conclude on whether social classes exist in America today
In high school and college, students are more frequently required to think critically about a subject. This may involve posing "What if" questions that require students to manipulate several ideas entirely in their minds. What is this ability known as?
a. Superior Intelligence b. Hypothetical Reasoning c. Deductive Reasoning d. Higher-Order Thinking
How does technology in the classroom change a teacher's role?
a. Teachers can now stay current on many subjects. b. Teachers are no longer limited to assigning work requiring pen and paper. c. Teachers can focus more on helping students develop. d. Teachers no longer need to "teach," instead they ensure the technology works so that students are unimpeded in their learning.
Alvaro is new to the school and has a hard time understanding the rules. Alvaro, at the beginning of the year, frequently left the classroom whenever he wanted to use the restroom. Today, Alvaro decides that he is going to raise his hand so that he may ask to go to the restroom. His teacher is so excited and compliments him on being patient and raising his hand. In this scenario, what is the operant? What is the reinforcement?
a. The Operant is Alvaro raising his hand; The Reinforcement is Teacher giving Alvaro compliment b. The Operant is Alvaro leaving the classroom; The Reinforcement is Being confused about the rules c. The Operant is Alvaro leaving the classroom; The Reinforcement is Teacher praising Alvaro d. The Operant is Teacher giving Alvaro compliment; The Reinforcement is Alvaro raising his hand
What may high-stakes testing influence?
a. The evaluation of teachers. b. Whether a student is to continue in the next level of schooling. c. What content is taught within the classroom. d. All of the above.
A new third grade teacher is having a rather hard time with most of the students in her class. One of her students though is often eager to please the teacher by doing what she asks without question. To encourage this behavior for this student and the rest of the class she rewards her. What could be one of the problems with rewarding the student according to Gilligan's Morality of conventional caring?
a. The other students in the class will call her a suck up and will result in bullying. b. The student may believe she is better than all of the other students. c. By rewarding her for only pleasing the teacher's needs the student's development is neglected d. Nothing is wrong with this and the teacher should continue to reward this behavior.
Students are asked to come up with potential quiz questions for their math test. A few students come up with ill-structured problems, while some come up with well-structured problems. What is a characteristic of a problem that is well-structured?
a. The problem can have multiple correct paths to a solution b. The problem can have multiple correct solutions c. The problem can have missing information that are key for the solution d. The problem can be solved using relatively few and clear rules
Two of your fellow colleagues following different theorists for their teaching practices. One follows strictly Piaget, while the other believes in Vygotsky's methods. Each colleague believes that their method is the most effective teaching method. According to the text, which of the following is the best example of an idea on which the colleagues could theoretically differ?
a. The relationship between internal and external events b. The relationship between learning and development c. The role of general education and achievement during development d. The role of testing and its influence on learning and development
A new teacher is having a hard time with a particular student who displays behavior in the classroom that are inappropriate such as, speaking out of turn, telling jokes, and making funny faces during the lesson. The other students typically laugh at the behaviors when they occur. The teacher has tried ignoring these behaviors and punishing them, but these strategies only seem to work some of the time. The teacher is having a hard time understanding why her ideas are not working. According to the unit on behavioral views of learning, which of the following is the best explanation for why the behavior has been hard to extinguish?
a. The student is in the Pre-Conventional stage of moral development and cannot make better choices at this time. b. The teacher is using the wrong strategies because she is new to the professior c. The laughter of the class acts as a reinforcer for the inappropriate behaviors. d. The strategies that the teacher uses act as punishers for the inappropriate behaviors.
A teacher is having a hard time with one of her students, Cory, who has a behavioral disorder. He often disrupts class by yelling out, throwing things around the room and generally not doing what he is told. What is one thing that might be recommended that this teacher does with regards Cory?
a. The teacher should always punish Cory when he performs these behaviors. b. The teacher should talk to Cory's parents every time these behaviors happen. c. Cory should be allowed to display these behaviors because he is just a child. d. The teacher should talk to Cory about his behaviors and set up a contingency contract.
According to the text, teachers find two problems or limitations to Maslow, Kohlberg, Gilligan, and other theories of moral development. Which of the following are those limitations? Please check all that apply.
a. The theories of morality focus primarily on how the child thinks about morality. b. The theories of morality does not mention how to handle parents with moral problems. c. The theories of morality does not mention how to encourage ethical development. d. The theories of morality focuses too much on how children will display morality.
Which of the following is the interpretation given by Milgram for why participants continued with the study?
a. Theory of Conformism b. Theory of Learned Helplessness c. Agentic State Theory d. A and C
Which is the best characterization of Piaget's and Vygotsky's views on learning and development?
a. They both believed that learning precedes development b. They both believed that development precedes learning c. Piaget believed that learning precedes development while Vygotsky believed that development precedes learning d. Vygotsky believed that learning precedes development while Piaget believed that development precedes learning
Based on the readings and the video "The Danger of a Single Story," what can you do practically to counter the single stories that you may possess?
a. Think more about the issue and how you would counter it in your everyday life. b. Try to meet new people as often as possible. c. Take courses that focus on multicultural and diversity issues. d. Talk to your friends.
Setting realistic academic goals is a way for teachers to encourage healthy resolution of which crisis?
a. Trust vs. Mistrust b. Initiative vs. Guilt c. Industry vs. Inferiority d. Generativity vs. Stagnation
Vygotsky's Sociocultural theory differs from Piaget's theory in what way?
a. Vygotsky's Sociocultural theory is more discontinuous, whereas Piaget's theory is more continuous. b. Vygotsky's Sociocultural theory states that development occurs in the context of culture while Piaget's theory states that development is universal across cultures. c. Piaget's theory states that development occurs in the context of culture while Vygotsky's Sociocultural theory states that development is universal across cultures. d. Vygotsky's Sociocultural theory favors nature whereas Piaget's theory favors nurture.
According to the video, how did the researcher know when a participant would be compliant and continue the "shocking?"
a. When the participant did not look back at the researcher for reassurance. b. When the participant asked if he or she was doing the right thing. c. When the participant continued with the experiment even after hearing the man say he was in pain. d. The researcher was unable to tell who would be compliant.
Matthew is given a word problem to work on during his math class. He is having a hard time figuring out the answer. To help him figure out the answer, Matthew takes apart the problem and works on each part separately. What is this problem solving strategy called?
a. Working Backwards b. Analogical Thinking c. Problem Analysis d. Problem Representation
At the beginning of the semester, each student came into EDP 201 with prior knowledge and their own understanding of learning, development, and even education. Hopefully at some point during this course, these ideas will be revised to incorporate the new information gained. This process of revising pre-existing concepts is called
a. assimilation b. equilibrium c. accommodation d. schema
One of the educational implications of sensory memory is that
a. attention is necessary if children are to remember information. b. children can take in and comprehend almost a limitless amount of information. c. information seen is brought into consciousness almost immediately. d. reinforcement is a requirement if children are to retain information.
Julie is from a small family and has a very structured day. Julie's parents have many rules for Julie that she must follow with no questions asked. Julie's parents also rarely show any affections and rarely praise her for doing well in school. According to the video, what type of parents are Julie's parents?
a. authoritarian b. authoritative c. permissive d. neglecting
Raven has just moved from New York to Nebraska. Prior to moving to Nebraska, Raven had only seen picture and videos of farmland. When looking at a field of squash across the street, Raven assumes that all of the squash is actually pumpkins. This process of interpreting new information into her pre-existing concepts is called
a. organization b. equilibration c. assimilation d. accommodation
You are teaching a high school English class. You want your students to be able to write a coherent thesis paper by the end of the quarter. According to the text, which type of approach is this to formulating a learning objective? Why?
a. cognitive approach, because it is from specific to general b. cognitive approach, because it is from general to specific c. behavioral approach, because it is from specific to general d. behavioral approach, because it is from general to specific
According to the text, use of technology in the classroom may allow students to
a. complete their assignments with greater ease. b. become directors of their own learning. c. become more knowledgeable about computers. d. reduce their number of incomplete assignm
While beneficial, using technology in the classroom also presents challenges such as
a. cost b. lack of staff training c. unreliability of internet sources d. all of the above
A major difference between formative and summative tests is the
a. format of the test items. b. use and interpretation of the test data. c. preparation of the test directions. d. the validity and reliability of the tests.
In recent years, the Common Core State Standards have received much attention. In essence, the CCSS are a set of standards that are intended to apply to all states throughout the country. These standards were not developed by state governments, but they may be adopted by each state. The CCSS would best be described as
a. national standards b. state standards c. curriculum framework d. scope and sequence
The essential difference between negative reinforcement and punishment is that
a. negative reinforcement decreases misbehavior rather quickly. b. punishment decreases the behavior while negative reinforcement increases it. c. punishment is more effective in bringing about a positive change in behavior. d. punishment is presented after, and reinforcement before, the behavior has occurred.
Kathy took the "Stanford Achievement Test" on Monday and again on Friday. Her two scores differed by only one point, which is not much at all. These results may indicate that the test is
a. reliable b. valid c. objective d. standards-based
When asked to think about school, Raymond thinks about several different things. He thinks about what his particular school looks like, what he experiences within his particular school, and what types of things he hears about his school from his parents. This mental representation is called
a. schema b. metacognition c. assimilation d. accommodation
The text discussed Robert Mager's characteristics of a quality behavioral objective which included
a. the behavior is observable b. the objective describes conditions of performance c. the objective describes a minimal level of acceptable performance d. all of the above
Match each scenario with the schedule of reinforcement that best fits that scenario. 1. fixed-interval schedule 2. variable- interval schedule 3. fixed- ratio schedule 4. variable- ratio schedule
a. weekly quizzes in EDP 201 b. Pop quizzes in that other class you hate c. Module tests during the summative sessions in EDP 201 d. Chapter test after the teacher feels that you have covered enough content in that other class you hate
Jimmy and Susie both demonstrate misbehavior in class. In one sentence, explain which student is most likely to be criticized for this behavior and why?
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You have a few students who seem to be struggling in math. No matter what you try, they seem to not "get it." You consult with some of the more experienced teachers on what to do. They provide several ideas, all of which seem valid. In one sentence, state how you would proceed in this situation, and state the actual name of the procedure you would use.
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