EDUC Final

Andy was teaching a unit on Tennyson in his British Literature class, and he came across an essay about the poet that would really "bring the man to life." He made copies of the essay and distributed them to the students. Based on the information presented here, did Andy violate copyright laws?

No, because he can do so under the fair use policy for up to nine instances per class per semester.

In the context of basic philosophical issues and concepts, _____ deals with the origin and the structure of reality.

metaphysics

In the context of common terms and typical situations related to teacher liability, the term _____ refers to failure to conduct in an appropriate manner an act that might otherwise have been lawfully performed.

"misfeasance"

Imagine a school where teachers do not have daily contact with one another and act independently, the school administration does not give due importance to effective communication with the students' families about the school's goals and expectations. They are vague about the goals of the school and focus on maintaining the status quo. This represents a failure of which element of the "five-factor theory of effective schools"?

A clear school mission

Which of the following is a similarity between perennialism and essentialism?

Both aim to enhance students' moral qualities

_____ asserts that knowledge cannot be handed from one person to another (from a teacher to a learner) but must be constructed by each learner through interpreting and reinterpreting a constant flow of information.

Constructivism

Which of the following is the rarest teacher reaction?

Criticism

Some studies on school size have determined that:

D. students in smaller schools are more likely to pass their courses and attend college.

In the context of common patterns that can derail classroom management during times of transition, which of the following involves a teacher breaking directions into several choppy steps instead of accomplishing the instructions in one fluid unit?

Fragmentation

Which of the following statements is true about ethics?

It is the study of what is "good" or "bad" in human behavior, thoughts, and feelings.

Influential teacher organizations are cautiously supportive of a merit pay plan. Provided that certain conditions are met, they would be more likely to support it. Which of the following is one of those conditions?

Local teachers should be involved in planning.

Which of the following statements is true about charter schools?

Most charter schools are publicly funded and privately run, often by a for-profit corporation.

A teacher's right to freedom of speech as a citizen, regarding matters of public concern, is protected due to the holding in the:

Pickering v. Board of Education case.

Which of the following statements is true about the school boards in the United States?

School boards have become immersed in administrative details, at the expense of more important and appropriate policy issues.

Which of these court cases led to the advent of Robin Hood reformers?

Serrano v Priest

Which of the following is an accurate statement about existentialist classrooms?

They afford students great latitude in their choice of subject matter and activity.

From the following, identify the accurate statement about school superintendents.

They are the most powerful education officers in the school district.

Which of these statements best describes the attitude of Americans toward inequities in school funding?

They believe that an individual's circumstances are merely obstacles to be overcome.

Which of the following statements is true about perennialists?

They believe that the goal of education should be to develop rational thought and to discipline minds to think rigorously.

Which of the following is true of adequate education guarantees, the educational clauses present in the constitution of different states?

They guarantee that every student receives an efficient, sound, or thorough education.

Why did social reconstructionists split from progressivists?

Why did social reconstructionists split from progressivists?

The birthplace of Western philosophy is _____.

ancient Greece

Teachers should ask higher-order questions when students:

are involved in a creative or affective decision.

Lisa, Paul, and Jay were given an assignment at the end of their first unit in Spanish I. They were asked to prepare and act out a skit where they had to assume the roles of students visiting Argentina during Spring Break. They were to enter into a restaurant, order a meal, and pay for the meal, all in Spanish. The students knew they were being evaluated on how they performed these tasks, so they made an effort to do a good job. This sort of task is an example of:

authentic assessment.

A key aspect of teaching in a constructivist classroom is _____.

gauging a student's prior knowledge and understanding

During classroom discussions, Juan never names a student before asking a question. He always asks a question first and then names the student whom he wants to answer the question. According to Kounin, this is an example of:

group alerting.

The _____ is collected through payroll deductions, money deducted even before one receives salary.

personal income tax

The Supreme Court ruled in _____ that student newspapers written as part of a school journalism course should be viewed as part of the official school curriculum.

Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeir

According to the Fourteenth Amendment, which of the following is an accurate statement in case of suspension of a student for indiscipline or misbehavior?

The student is entitled to tell his side of the story in self-defense.

Which of the following statements is true about charter schools?

They receive public funding based on the number of students enrolled.

The Supreme Court ruled in _____ that students can grade their peers' academic work (and even announce the results in class) without violating the privacy act.

Owasso Independent School District v. Falvo

Who is most likely to be considered part of the "hidden school government"?

Parents

Which of the following statements is true about standardized tests?

They require all test takers to answer the same questions, so that student and teacher performance can be compared.

Identify an accurate statement about using a student's test score to assess the teacher.

This a flawed approach because one test score is an inadequate measure of student growth.

Value added refers to:

assessing and rewarding the value a teacher adds to a student's education.

A _____ is a certificate of debt issued by a government guaranteeing payment of the original investment plus interest by a specified future date.

bond

The Abbott cases in New Jersey contributed to a new line of litigation focusing on _____.

educational outcome

According to educator Hilda Taba, learning in school is different from learning in life because the former:

is formally organized.

For-profit schools are a good idea because they will:

offer focused programs and investor oversight will lead to academic success.

Differentiated instruction:

offers multiple options for instruction and assessment.

Why are first classes important for teachers?

The first class creates a first impression.

Which of the following statements is true about standardized tests?

They can be rapidly implemented.

Which statement is true regarding voucher programs?

Voucher programs have been less effective than expected and their impact sounds better in theory than it is in fact.

Lower-order questions:

can be answered through memory and recall.

The federal funds directed at specific categories and targeted educational needs of schools are known as _____.

categorical grants

By making it clear why a specific piece of information is interesting and important, a teacher is trying to _____.

demonstrate enthusiasm

When schools move away from traditional autocratic teaching styles, students embrace "Habits of Goodness." To develop these habits teachers should:

develop the list of rules together with their students and ensure that rules are few and fair.

The influence of the business community in America's schools can best be characterized as _____.

extensive

Learning that is not always intended but emerges as students are shaped by the school culture, including the attitudes and behaviors of teachers, is known as the _____.

hidden curriculum

The student who is typically given the most wait time by a teacher is the:

high achieving white male.

Participation in the extracurricular activities has been connected with:

higher student self-esteem.

After having attended a workshop on problem-based learning, you decide to try it out. You realize that a key teacher role in this approach is to:

identify activities that fuel a student's interest.

The role of state governments in curricular decisions has:

increased through state standards and tests, and frameworks for all schools to follow.

In funding schools, urban areas struggle the most, suffering not only from lower property values but also from the need to use those limited resources to fund more police officers, hospitals, subways, and other services than their suburban counterparts. This phenomenon is known as _____.

municipal overburden

If Barbara, a teacher, follows the principles of behaviorism, she believes that _____.

positive reinforcement can be used to promote desired learning

According to _____, the way to determine if an idea has merit is simple: Test it. If the idea works in the real world, then it has merit.

pragmatism

School teachers who participate in strikes are:

prohibited from doing so in over 30 states, but are rarely prosecuted or penalized.

Title IX of the Education Amendments (1972):

prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex.

To raise money for schools, colonial towns and districts assessed a(n) _____ tax

property

Full-service schools

remain open most of the day and 11 months a year.

When teachers and principals have to remedy antiquated buildings, they give higher priority to _____.

repairing lights and air conditioners

As an economic reconstructionist, Paulo Freire claimed that:

schools often miseducate and oppress the poor.

In response to an informal complaint, a school librarian quietly removes a book from the library shelf and pretends that the book is out of stock. This is an example of:

self-censorship.

Commercialism promotes _____.

self-gratification

On the subject of teaching creationism, evolution, or intelligent design in schools, a large segment of the public feels that:

students should be exposed to competing theories in schools.

According to a survey, by the nonprofit Education Sector, most teachers:

support educational reform and change.

In the context of classroom behavior management, a teacher who is a good behavioral manager should:

teach standards or norms of student behavior actively and directly.

Direct teaching model of effective instruction is:

teacher presentation of new material followed by student practice and feedback.

Helena believes that her main goal as a teacher is to transfer the knowledge and values that her students will need to do well in society. She strives to have her students learn to be academically proficient. She also tries to instill her students with values such as respect, diligence, and practicality. Helena is most likely to rely on

teacher-centered philosophies

The marketing technique in which advertising is done on preexisting social networks is known as _____.

viral marketing

In theory, _____ provide access to a wealth of online learning from pre-school to university, without brick-and-mortar costs like maintenance of buildings, playgrounds, parking lots, and the like.

virtual schools

The phenomenon represented by the test-tampering scandal in Atlanta, Georgia, is most closely associated with:

Campbell's law.

Which of the following is a characteristic of charter schools?

Charter schools can be closed down if they do not meet expectations.

_____ are interested in how people use their minds to distinguish valid from illusory paths to true knowledge.

Epistemologists

_____ asserts that the purpose of education is to help children find the meaning and direction in their lives, and it rejects the notion that adults should or could direct meaningful learning for children.

Existentialism

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the famous Brazilian educationist Paulo Freire who opposed social Darwinism?

He envisioned schools as a place where the poor can acquire the skills to regain control of their lives.

Which of the following statements is true about educational practices in the West?

In Western society, formal schools, formal certification and degrees are valued.

Which of the following statements is true about intelligent design?

It credits an unnamed intelligence for aspects of nature unexplained by science.

What was the significance of the Serrano v. Priest (1971) ruling of the California Supreme Court?

It struck down the state's financial system as unconstitutional.

The state with perhaps the purest example of adequate education approach is _____.

Maryland

According to _____, the human soul has three parts: intellect, spirit, and appetite.

Plato

_____ organizes schools around the concerns, curiosity, and real-world experiences of students.

Progressivism

In the context of the levels of educational power, which of the following is a function of state governments?

Set standards for school attendance and safety

_____ is the idea that society is an ingenious "sorting" system, one in which the more talented rise to the top, while those less deserving find themselves at the bottom of the social and economic pecking order.

Social Darwinism

In the context of the amendments that are of special interest to teachers and students, the _____ to the U.S. Constitution prohibits violation of privacy and security without a court warrant.

Fourth Amendment

In the context of the common patterns that can derail classroom management during times of transition, which of the following statements is true about overdwelling?

It is a bad habit that includes a teacher preaching, nagging, and spending more time than necessary to correct an infraction of classroom rules.

Why have many courts rejected educational malpractice lawsuits?

Many factors affect learning and the school system cannot be solely blamed for failure to learn.

Gina teaches at the middle grade. Joey is her student. She has noticed that Joey comes to school wearing the same clothes every day: a T-shirt, shorts, and flip-flops. He wears this outfit even on days when it is very cold outside. Recently, Joey seems to be more withdrawn, he keeps to himself and avoids eye contact largely ignoring his friends. Based on Gina's observations, she should:

immediately file a report with her principal or counselor, since Joey could be suffering from abuse or neglect.

By beginning a lesson with a challenging riddle or an anecdote, a teacher is trying to:

inspire motivation.

In the first step of the pedagogical cycle, a teacher:

introduces the topics.

Which of the following statements is true about empiricists?

They assert that people experience the external world by sensory perception and conceptualize ideas that help them interpret that world through reflection.

In a narrow 5-4 decision, the Supreme Court ruled in _____ that publicly funded vouchers could be used to send children to Cleveland's private religious schools.

Zelman v. Simmons-Harris

Ethnocentrism is the _____.

tendency to view one's own culture as superior to others

As a student in college, Luisa was shocked at some of the things she was learning in her Survey of American History course. Although she had studied American history before, her teachers had completely omitted many of the things that she was learning for the first time. Luisa's experiences most closely reflect the effects of:

the null curriculum.

A textbook portrays all African Americans as athletes, Mexican Americans as laborers, and women only in relation to their families. This is an example of a form of bias known as ____.

stereotyping

Most school board members view themselves as _____.

trustee representatives

Generally, courts have ruled that teachers may be fired for:

using profanity and abusive language toward students.

In the context of common terms and typical situations related to teacher liability, starting a fistfight or bringing marijuana to school is considered an act that cannot be done lawfully, regardless of how it is performed, and is referred to as _____.

"malfeasance"

Which of the following is an accurate statement with reference to the term in loco parentis?

A school official can search a student's locker if there is reasonable suspicion that it contains something illegal and dangerous.

_____ promoted the doctrine of the Golden Mean, or the notion that virtue lies in a middle ground between two extremes.

Aristotle

_____ holds that sensory experience (seeing, hearing, touching, and so on) is the source of knowledge.

Empiricism

_____ examines the nature and the origin of human knowledge.

Epistemology

_____ strives to teach students the accumulated knowledge of human civilization through core courses in the traditional academic disciplines.

Essentialism

In the context of the way in which the different branches and levels of government influence education law, the _____ to the U.S. Constitution protects freedom of religion, speech, the press (or media), and peaceful assembly

First Amendment

In the context of the levels of educational power, which of the following is a function of local school districts?

Fix salaries and working conditions

Cases such as Goss v. Lopez that deal with the proper procedures involving the disciplining and suspension of students would fall under the _____ to the U.S. Constitution

Fourteenth Amendment

The _____ to the U.S. Constitution protects citizens' rights to due process and equal protection under the law, no matter where they live in the United States.

Fourteenth Amendment

Activists who took funds from wealthy districts and redistributed the monies to the poorer districts were called _____.

Robin Hood Reformers

Which of the following is most likely to conduct educational research and development?

State department of education

Identify an accurate statement about the Buckley Amendment.

Student grades do not become private and part of students' educational records until they are recorded in a teacher's grade book.

Identify an accurate statement about open enrollment.

Students become eligible to enroll in any public school with available space.

Which of the following statements regarding zero-tolerance policies is true?

Students who are removed from school are at increased risk for low achievement and of becoming permanently entangled in the "schools-to-prison" pipeline.

A new principal is concerned with the increasing incidents of cheating and plagiarism occurring in her school. She wants to take effective measures to reduce such incidences. Which of the following actions might be the most effective?

Teachers will help students to develop the skills to synthesize and summarize information, use citations properly, and develop their own insights.

Which of the following was an outcome of the San Antonio v. Rodriguez (1973) ruling of the Supreme Court?

The court stated that preserving local control was a legitimate reason to use the property tax system.

Which of the following statements is true about categorical grants?

They identify critical education areas for federal financial support.

Unlike existentialists, _____ believe that free will is an illusion and that human nature is shaped by the environment.

behaviorists

School boards are often criticized for:

being in the backseat when it comes to educational change and reform.

The marketing technique that involves selling things in unconventional and unexpected places is known as _____.

guerrilla marketing

According to Donald McCarty and Charles Ramsey, authors of The School Managers: Power and Conflict in American Public Education, a school board in a community dominated by a few powerful figures will seek out a superintendent who _____.

has a functionary style

A teacher who suspects that a child is the victim of child abuse:

has an ethical and legal responsibility to report the suspected abuse.

Paul Pratfall was a young teacher who meant well, but could be easily led off task—especially, when it came to afternoon hall duty. When the school dismissal bell rang, Paul's job was to make sure that the children walked safely and in a disciplined manner from the classrooms on his hall to the waiting school buses just beyond the front entrance. During Friday's duty, one of Paul's colleagues called out to him. "Hey, Paulie, come in here and check out the article in the paper about the big game tonight. You gotta see it!" At first, Paul hesitated, since he was on duty. Then, he went into his friend's classroom to read the article. After all, he figured that he would only be a minute or two. Paul had just begun to read the article when he heard a loud crash and an anguished cry. He and his colleague ran into the hall to find little Jeannie lying on the floor with her leg obviously broken. Based on this scenario, Paul would most likely be guilty of:

nonfeasance.

As a teacher, Richard wants his students to think rationally and rigorously. He feels that he should prepare his brightest students for future leadership and responsibility, while providing vocational training to the rest of the students. Richard's approach to education is indicative of _____.

perennialism

In a(n) _____ classroom, students spend considerable time and energy mastering the three "Rs," reading, 'riting, and 'rithmetic.

perennialist

The chief state school officer is responsible for:

planning school activities.

Alyssa was a senior at Local High School (LHS). Although she was a brilliant student, Alyssa had a mischievous streak that frequently landed her in the principal's office. In order to get into the college that she wanted to, she needed a recommendation letter from her counselor, Mr. Todd. On the day that she went to see him to ask for the letter, he told her to close the door. "Ever since you came here as a freshman, I've had my eyes on you. It's amazing just how pretty you've become. I'll be glad to discuss your letter over dinner at my apartment, around eight tonight. Be sure to wear something really pretty. And let's keep our little date to ourselves. After all, we wouldn't want something to happen to that letter, would we"? Based on the dialogue, Alyssa is experiencing:

quid pro quo sexual harassment.

A call for accountability in financing of schools means that _____.

the public wants to see academic progress for their tax dollars

When a teacher's private life is called into question by the courts, a governing principle that determines whether or not the teacher may be dismissed is often based on whether:

there is substantial disruption of the educational process.

When students, parents, and teachers were asked to rate goals of schooling in a study by John Goodlad, _____.

vocational, personal, academic, social, and civic goals were all rated "very important."

School boards determine educational policy, and majority of their members tend to be _____.

white

Which of the following books would likely be included in the "Great Books" favored by perennialists?

A theology book written by a classical author

In 1896, John Dewey founded the Laboratory School, a famous experimental school, to test his educational ideas. Which of the following statements about this school is accurate?

It had only one classroom but several facilities for experiential learning.

In the context of the common patterns that can derail classroom management during times of transition, which of the following statements is true about fragmentation?

It is a pattern in which a teacher breaks directions into several choppy steps instead of accomplishing the instructions in one fluid unit.

A scientific theory, such as the theory of evolution, is:

a well-founded scientific explanation.

The most frequent teacher reaction is:

acceptance.

In Alice's classroom, the great majority of her students do well academically. When she is asked about why she feels she is such a successful teacher, she says that she structures her instruction in such a way that her students can do well either way, working with her directly or on their own. She says that her students often do even better working on their own than with her. Alice's classroom best exemplifies:

academic learning time.

Mastery learning is based on the premise that:

all students can learn—if given the right tools and the opportunity to work at their own pace.

Elaine was homeschooled for most of her life before heading to college at a state university. Based on what is known of homeschooled students in college, we can conclude that Elaine is most likely to:

be well-thought-of by many of her professors because professors describe homeschooled students as more self-directed.

The use of a system of positive reinforcement to promote desired learning is based on _____.

behaviorism

A teacher should ask lower-order questions when students are _____.

being introduced to new information

When a teacher is breaking down (or "chunking") information to explain the concept more effectively to students, he is engaged in:

clarification.

According to Bloom's revised taxonomy, the highest level of questions is:

creating.

The development of common core state standards that have been adopted in most states reflects the influence of:

education commissions and committees.

Courts have ruled that a teacher can be fired for _____.

encouraging students to attend certain religious meetings

Participation in extracurricular activities is correlated with _____.

enriched student life and learning

An essentialist would argue that essentialism is an approach to _____

ensure a common culture among Americans

Courts have ruled that a teacher's right to academic freedom:

is not absolute as students should learn only appropriate subject matter.

In the context of Mary Budd Rowe's research on wait time, teachers should:

learn to increase their wait time from one second to three to five seconds.

A _____ attracts students by offering one or more special programs, such as math, music production, language immersion, science, technology, and/or other specialties.

magnet school

Schools that offer high-quality programs for talented students and have been used as a method of voluntary racial desegregation are known as:

magnet schools

When a person or group decides that some topic is unimportant, inappropriate, too controversial, or not worth the time, that topic is never taught and becomes part of the _____.

null curriculum

Silver Springs middle school was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education as a green ribbon school. The school earned this distinction for:

promoting environmental and sustainable education, offering healthier environments with clean air and water, and promoting outdoor activities.

In the cooperative learning model of effective instruction, _____.

rewards and recognition are based upon student performance

Andrew is a student in the class Rebecca teaches. While Andrew is not in the lowest percentile of the class, he isn't in the highest, either. In fact, Andrew could go either way in terms of passing or failing. Rebecca will spend:

the most amount of time on him because he is a "bubble kid."

Students were often very distracted in Agnes's classroom. Whenever they seemed to engage in an activity, she would just seem to say or do something totally random that had nothing to do with the lesson assigned. For example, during a review game for the test the following day, just when the students were getting into the activity, she blurted out, "Does anyone know who we are playing this Friday night"? Well, of course, the interruption stopped the game while all the students answered her question. Agnes's behavior would best fit the phenomenon of:

thrusts.

A textbook covers twentieth-century U.S. history without mentioning the continuing struggle for civil rights; and pictures throughout the text portray only harmonious relations between the races. This is an example of a form of bias known as:

unreality.

In a progressivist classroom, you would find teachers _____.

walking around the room, asking questions and making suggestions

At a recent school board meeting, a group of parents spoke out on the issue of the poor quality of the district's schools. They demanded the formation of charter schools that emphasized a rigorous, traditional curriculum and teacher-centered classrooms. These parents most closely resemble:

zealots.