Embalming 2 Review

The center of arterial distribution is

Arch of the Aorta

When positioning the ventilation system, the vent that is pulling air should be positioned

At the foot of the body

Osmosis is the movement of liquid over a semipermiable membrane from an area of ______ solute to an area of _________ solute

Less; More

When aspirating the brain, the trocar or needle will go through what portion of the skull

The cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

If you're having difficulty getting distribution to the right thumb, you may want to raise this vessel

The radial artery

I have a 312 pound body that has been in the hospital for sepsis. They arrive at the funeral home, for a viewing in two days: 1) tell me how many gallons of solution you would inject and why 2) tell me what strength of fluid you would use, and any accessory chemicals, and why 3) Tell me any concerns you might have for distribution, diffusion and preservation and why 4) Tell me what index of fluid you would use and why 5) Tell me how many ounces of arterial fluid you will use and why

UP TO YOU BUDDY, GOOD LUCK

A 30 index fluid contains

30 grams of formaldehyde for every 100ml of solution

Which of the following is a difference between a medical examiner and a coroner

A medical examiner is required to be a physician, and a coroner is not

A body comes into the preparation room with severe skeletal edema. This is:

An extrinsic factor that might limit diffusion and distribution, but should give you good drainage

I'm injecting a body, and while I can see fluid running through the vessels of all of the extremities, I don't have firming in the tissues. I'm having an issue with what?

Diffusion

For a heart tap, align the trocar handle with the left anterior superior iliac spine and the tip with the

Right ear

Part of the liver, kidney, the greater omentum coils of the small intestine and the gallbladder are located in which of the 9 abdominal regions?

Right hypochondriac

For a partial thickness skin harvest, what instrument is used in the harvesting process?

Dermatome

Inactive dye serves what purpose in arterial fluid?

Inactive dye serves no purpose in the solution other than being appealing in the bottle

Grams of formaldehyde dissolved in 100ml of liquid is what

Index

The speed in which the fluid leaves the machine is called the

rate of flow

If I have the pressure of my machine set at 12, and it drops to 10 when I begin injecting, the differential pressure is

2

If I have a 150 pound body and want a 3% solution of 25 index fluid, how many 16 ounce bottles of arterial fluid do I need?

2.9 bottles of fluid

Kevin has a "standard" case embalming. The deceased weighs 100 pounds, and has arrived at the funeral home within an hour of death. Kevin has decided to use a 25 index fluid, and would like to use a 2% solution. How many ounces of arterial fluid will he need?

20.48 oz

If I have a 390 pound body, and want a 2% solution of 30 index fluid, how many 16 ounce bottles would I need

4.16 bottles of fluid

Donnell has received a case that has been refrigerated for 6 weeks. The deceased is about 250 pounds, 5'2" tall, and has more adipose tissue than muscle tissue. Which of the following would be the most effective solution to treat the decedent?

5 gallons, 5% solution

A full thickness skin donation should be

A. cauterized and surface embalmed B. placed in plastics C. no problem for loss of fluid due to the removal of the vascular supply to the skin D. all of the above

When embalming a leg that has had the long bones harvested, you should

A. open the sutures and utilize the vessels to embalm B. open the sutures and use surface and hypodermic treatments to embalm C. Leave the incision closed, and just fill the leg with 1/2 gallon of waterless solution D. All of the above are acceptable treatments

Which of the following would be referred to the medical examiner for further investigation?

All of the above would be referred

The fluid strength for an autopsy is generally going to be higher. This is because

All of the following A. The amount of time in refrigeration B. The delay between death and embalming C. possible trauma

Hugh received a case that has had a full thickness skin donation, meaning that the skin around the abdomen has been harvested by an organ donation team, down to the muscle tissue. Hugh knows that he needs to dry the surface and somehow treat it so that it is preserved and does not leak. Which of the following chemicals will help Hugh accomplish this?

Answers: A. Hugh should use a cautery chemical to dry and cauterize the tissue, before utilizing plastic wraps or undergarments to contain the open wound. B. Hugh should use a cavity chemical pack to dry and preserve the tissue, followed by the application of an autopsy gel prior to utilizing plastic wraps or undergarments to contain the open wound. C. Hugh should embalm with a 25 index fluid, knowing that the fluid will preserve the exposed muscle tissue, then utilize plastic wraps and undergarments to contain the open wound D. All of the above are possible ways of treating the condition

vertebral body donors will be

Can be opened either anteriorly or posteriorly, depending on if other organs were harvested

Secondary dilution is

Dilution that happens within the body when the chemical is injected

Injection of a small amount of highly concentrated fluid in short bursts into the head is referred to as

Instant tissue fixation

A body with yellowing in the tissues and eyes should be treated with what type of fluid

Jaundice fluid

Kelly has a case that is seemingly pretty standard, has a low weight, no occlusion to the arteries, is still warm, and has very little discoloration. She chooses to inject through the femoral artery, and starts at a pressure of 35psi. What can Kelly expect to see?

Kelly will likely see fast swelling in the upper extremities and face

When doing a heart tap, the handle of the trocar should be aligned with the _____, and the point should be aligned with the _________, stopping when you see blood in the aspiration tube

Left anterior superior iliac spine; right ear

A chemical that neutralizes formaldehyde is

Small amount of ammonia

Cornea removal requires

Very little aside from shaping and swelling control

The uniform anatomical gift act is

a federal act enforceable in every state

Before closing the thoracic, abdominal and pelvic cavities, the cavity and skin flaps should be

any of these treatments can and should be used : A. hypodermically treated B. treated with autopsy gel C. treated with autopsy powder

White, milky purge coming from the nose is from what organ

brain

Rib donations

cause very little disturbance in the embalming process

Eye enucleation cases should be embalmed, then the cavity should be

cleaned, packing removed, treated with incision sealer, and reset

Restricted Cervical Injection means that the left carotid leading toward the body should be

closed

When using strong solutions, the addition of this coinjection chemical can help to prevent dehydration

humectant

In the case of edema, the embalmer may want to use a ____________ solution to draw moisture out of the tissues

hypertonic

Embalming solutions for standard cases should be slightly

hypotonic

While injecting an autopsy case, your pressure and rate of flow should be

should be judged by the factors of each case

Purge coming from the mouth that looks like coffee grounds is likely from where?

stomach

Which of the following is not an organ eligible for transplant and harvest?

stomach

An example of extravascular resistance would be

swollen lymph nodes

When treating the cranial cavity, this set of muscles can be sewn to keep the calavarium in place

temporal

drainage in a full autopsy case should be taken where

the cavity

The main arteries you'll contend with in the cranial vault during a cranial autopsy are part of

the circle of willis

When suturing a Y incision, start at

the pubic symphysis

The heart is contained in what cavity

thoracic

I have finished embalming, but the lips are not as plump as I'd like them to be. What should I use to fill them out?

tissue builder

Treatment of the interior walls of an autopsied cavity could include

autopsy gel

A cautery chemical, like phenol, is good for

drying and disinfection

One of the portions of the small intestine is

duodenum

High pressure, high index, short shots into the head, is called:

instant tissue fixation

method of drainage that occasionally stops and restarts in order to let the fluid diffuse while injection stays constant is called

intermittent

If I'm having issues getting fluid to the left leg, I might want to

Raise the left femoral artery, or increase pressure and rate of flow

Which area should be injected first on a full autopsy case?

legs

a long bone donor who has had a partial humerus and scapula harvest, will have

minimal vascular interruption

Water corrective will adjust the __________ of the solution to more closely match that of the body

pH

When pouring fluid into the machine, you should

pour slowly to avoid splashing

We inject into arteries rather than veins. This is because

Veins have one direction valves

Injection through a vein is not a standard practice because

Veins have one way valves

Raising the right and left carotid, leaving both ends toward the head open, injecting down on the right, and tying the lower part of the vessel on the left is called

restricted cervical injection

The center of drainage in the heart is the

right atrium

The point of collection for blood drainage in the body is the

right atrium

Most arterial fluids, with the exception of some designed for decomposition, are designed to diffuse at

room temperature