Embalming Microbiology Module 1-4
Which bacterium causes tissue gas?
Clostridium perfringens
It is generally safe to handle remains that were once considered to be infectious biohazard concerns after those remains have been
Cremated
What chemical is used to produce Lysol?
Cresols
Binary fission is a form of
asexual reproduction
Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis are
autotrophs
A virus that infects bacteria is
bacteriophage
Bacteria reproduce by a process called
binary fission
The prefix strepto- means
chain
The three arrangements of bacteria are
clusters, tetrads, single
Organisms that utilize decomposing matter as nutrients are
saprophytes
The process bacteria use to produce the endospore is
sporulation
Genetic material in a protein coat would describe a __________________.
virus
An acid would be numbers ____ to ____ on the pH scale.
0-6
Under what conditions must an autoclave work to sterilize?
15 psi at 121oC for 10 minutes
How much of the Earth's oxygen do autotrophic bacteria produce?
20
A substance is neutral if its pH level is
7
A base would be numbers ____ to ____ on the pH scale.
8-14
Who discovered penicillin?
Alexander Fleming
What disease in infants results from ingesting honey contaminated with C. botulinum spores?
Botulism
Which bacterium causes gangrene?
Clostridium perfringens
In which symbiotic relationship would one organism benefit while the other organism not be harmed?
Commensalism
What bacteria type produces 20% of the Earth's oxygen (O2)?
Cyanobacteria
A monotrichous bacteria has multiple flagella.
F
When you take a cold shower on a hot and humid day, you are creating conditions that will INCREASE the amount of bacteria and dust mites on your skin.
F
Which organism is the MOST flexible and adaptable when it comes to finding food sources on which to survive?
Facultative organisms
Which is NOT a method of preparing a specimen for study under a microscope
Flushing
Which item is NOT a level or way of controlling microbial growth.
Incineration
A disinfectant that is a tincture is
Iodine
A red blood cell will remain the same (neither shrink nor swell) in which type of solution?
Isotonic
Why is tincture of iodine not considered a sterilant?
It is does not kill endospores
An agent that kills mosquito larvae is
Larvicide
What is responsible for causing disease according to the Germ Theory of Disease?
Microorganisms
Which of the following is NOT one of the four kingdoms?
Monera (Prokeryotae)
The correct way to write the name of the bacterium that causes gonorrhea is
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Regarding temperature, which of the following is the maximum time it takes to kill all microorganisms present?
None
The four kingdoms are
Protista, Plantae, Animalia, Fungi
What genus of bacteria is commonly associated with secondary infections in burn patients?
Pseudomonas
Which bacterium causes toxic shock syndrome?
Staphylococcus aureus
Which bacterium is common in raw milk and causes bacterial sepsis and meningitis in newborns, and uterine infections in postpartum women?
Streptococcus agalactiae
Which bacterium causes childbirth fever?
Streptococcus pyogenes
Which bacterium causes scarlet fever?
Streptococcus pyogenes
Which bacterium causes strep throat?
Streptococcus pyogenes
What kind of light controls microbial growth?
UV
The physical method of controlling microbes that damages the cell's DNA is
UV light
A chemical method of controlling microbes that denatures proteins and dissolves lipids in the cell membrane is
alcohol
When bacteria have flagella on each end of the cell, that is known as
amphi
When one bacterium inhibits the growth of another, that is known as __________.
antagonism
Inhibiting microbial growth on living tissue is
antisepsis
What is used to treat municipal drinking water and swimming pools?
chlorine
The prefix staphyl- means
cluster
The three basic shapes of bacteria are
coccus, bacillus, spirilla
A retort is
combustion chamber
In a microbial association, when one bacterium benefits and the other is unaffected, that is known as ___________.
commensalism
What disease gave milkmaids immunity to smallpox?
cowpox
Destroying pathogenic agents by disinfecting inanimate objects is
disinfection
What level of classification is the broadest, most general, and most comprehensive relative to the other classifications?
domain
The physical method of controlling microbes that denatures proteins is
dry heat
A thick-walled cell produced by bacteria to survive unfavorable conditions is the
endospore
An area of dead tissue in cutaneous anthrax is _______________.
eschar
Bacteria that can adapt to different sources of nutrition are ____________ bacteria.
facultative
Appendages on a bacterium that allows it to attach to surfaces is
fimbriae
An agent that kills mold would be
fungicide
A sticky, gelatinous coating on bacteria that surrounds the cell wall is the
glycocalyx
A disinfectant that oxidizes certain molecules within the microbial cell is
halogen
Organisms that cannot make their own food and require food from a carbon source are
heterotrophs
A bacterium in a ___________ would shrivel.
hypertonic
A bacterium in a ______________ solution would swell and might burst.
hypotonic
What is a local skin infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes that mostly infects children who scratch insect bites?
impetigo
The best method to treat hazardous waste is
incineration
Another word for skin is
integument
A compound of iodine and surfactant is
iodophore
How does higher temperature affect the effectiveness of chemical agents?
it usually increases effectiveness
Which muscles are first affected by tetanus?
jaw muscles
Tetanus is also known as ____________.
lockjaw
Bacteria that prefer human body temperatures are
mesophiles
When both species of bacteria benefit in an association, that is known as __________.
mutualism
The study of fungi is called
mycology
Healthcare associated infections are called _____________ infections.
nosocomial
Bacteria that MUST have oxygen are
obligate aerobes
Bacteria that must NOT be in the presence of oxygen are
obligate anaerobes
Bacteria that would be utilizing tissue of human remains as a nutrition source would be _____________ bacteria.
obligate saprophyte
How many chromosomes do bacteria have?
one
When bacteria have flagella over the entire cell, that is known as
peri
A chemical method of controlling microbes that has a sickeningly sweet and tarry odor is
phenol
Bacteria that might prefer the temperature of remains in a refrigeration unit are
psychrophiles
Francisella tularensis causes tularemia, which is also called __________.
rabbit fever
In what disease is the tongue spotted with a strawberry-like appearance?
scarlet fever
An unorganized coating on bacteria that is loosely attached to the cell wall is the
slime layer
Plasmids are
small circles of DNA separate from the main chromosome in bacteria
What level of classification is the most specific and exclusive relative to the other classifications?
species
An agent that kills endospores is
sporicide
Which bacterium causes a furuncle?
staphylococcus aureus
Completely removing or destroying all life-forms, endospores, or their products is
sterilization
What can kill endospores?
sterilization
What alters the surface tension of the cell membrane, causing the cell contents to leak out and kill the cell?
surfactants
The disease _______________ is caused by Treponema pallidum and has three stages to it.
syphilis
The lowest temperature at which all microbes are killed in 10 minutes is
thermal death point
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis. When the bacterium invades attacking macrophages, a nodule in the lungs called a/n ____________ forms.
tubercle
An organism that spreads disease is called a/n
vector
An agent that kills viruses is
viricide
