EMT 13

What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult CPR?

30:2

In two-rescuer adult CPR, you should deliver a compression to ventilation ratio of: 5:1. 5:2. 15:2. 30:2.

30:2.

After ________ minutes without oxygen, permanent brain damage is possible. 1 to 2 4 to 6 2 to 3 7

4 to 6

ou should attempt to maintain a chest compression fraction of at least: 40% 50% 60% 75%

60%

Which of the following statements regarding CPR is correct? CPR corrects most causes of cardiac arrest. CPR temporarily provides minimal circulation and ventilation. CPR often prevents the need for advanced life support. CPR should be discontinued once an AED is available.

CPR temporarily provides minimal circulation and ventilation.

Which of the following is NOT an indication to stop CPR once you have started? Pulse and respirations return You are physically exhausted. A physician directs you to do so. Care is transferred to a bystander

Care is transferred to a bystander

Which of the following is considered an obvious sign of death and would not require the initiation of CPR? Dependent blood pooling Pulselessness and apnea Agonal respiratory effort Severe cyanosis to the face

Dependent blood pooling

Which of the following maneuvers should be used to open a patient's airway when a spinal injury is suspected? Jaw-thrust Tongue-jaw lift Head tilt-neck lift Head tilt-chin lift

Jaw-thrust

Which of the following is true of infants and children? They usually go into respiratory arrest due to cardiac arrest. They can store oxygen more efficiently than adults. They require less-frequent ventilations than adults. They consume oxygen much faster than adults.

They consume oxygen much faster than adults.

CPR should be initiated when:

a valid living will is unavailable

While rescuer one is finishing his or her fifth cycle of 30 compressions, rescuer two should:

move to the opposite side of the patient's chest

Basic life support (BLS) is defined as:

noninvasive emergency care that is used to treat conditions such as airway obstruction, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest.

Your initial attempt to ventilate an unresponsive, apneic 30-year-old man is met with resistance and you do not see the chest rise. Your second ventilation attempt is also unsuccessful. You should: suction the oropharynx. perform a blind finger sweep. perform 30 chest compressions. ventilate again with greater force.

perform 30 chest compressions.

CPR is in progress on a pregnant woman. Shortly after manually displacing her uterus to the left, return of spontaneous circulation occurs. Which of the following would MOST likely explain this?

pressure was relieved from her aorta and vena cava, which improved chest compression effectiveness

CPR will NOT be effective if the patient is:

prone

If an object is visible in the unconscious patient's airway, you should __________.

remove it

Your partner is performing one-rescuer CPR on a middle-aged woman in cardiac arrest. When you apply the AED pads, you note that she has a medication patch over the same area where one of the AED pads will be placed. You should:

remove the medication patch, wipe away any medication residue, and apply the AED pads.

In most cases, cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is caused by:

respiratory arrest

The main benefit of using a mechanical device for chest compressions is: the minimal training required to correctly operate the devices. the elimination of rescuer fatigue that results from manual compressions. the elimination of the need to place a firm, flat device under the patient. its ability to be used with any patient, regardless of age, weight, or body size.

the elimination of rescuer fatigue that results from manual compressions.

When ventilating an apneic adult with a bag-valve mask, you should deliver each breath: over a period of about 2 to 3 seconds. while watching for adequate chest rise. with a tidal volume of about 500 mL. quickly to ensure adequate ventilation.

while watching for adequate chest rise.

When performing CPR on a child, you should compress the chest:

with one or two hands

To ensure that you will deliver the appropriate number of chest compressions during one-rescuer adult CPR, you should compress the patient's chest at a rate of: 80 to 100 compressions per minute. at least 120 compressions per minute. 100 to 120 compressions per minute. no greater than 100 compressions per minute.

100 to 120 compressions per minute.

Which of the following statements regarding the use of an AED in children is correct? If the patient is younger than 1 year of age, an AED is preferred over a manual defibrillator. AEDs are only effective in pediatric patients if severe trauma is the cause of their cardiac arrest. AED use in children up to 8 years of age involves pediatric pads and an energy reducer. AEDs are not used in pediatric patients because they do not experience ventricular fibrillation.

AED use in children up to 8 years of age involves pediatric pads and an energy reducer.

What is the correct management of a conscious infant who is choking? Back blows and chest thrusts Chest compressions Abdominal thrusts Blind finger sweep

Back blows and chest thrusts

A team of EMTs and paramedics are attempting to resuscitate a man who is in cardiac arrest while his wife and son are present. Which of the following should occur during the resuscitation attempt? One EMT should update the family on the interventions that have been performed and how the patient has responded. Each member of the resuscitation team should update the family at various intervals throughout the attempt. Communication with the family should be minimal until the final outcome of the resuscitation attempt is known. A law enforcement officer should prepare the family for the patient's death and contact the funeral home.

One EMT should update the family on the interventions that have been performed and how the patient has responded.

Between each chest compression, you should __________.

allow full chest recoil

You and your partner arrive at the side of a 60-year-old woman who collapsed about 7 minutes ago. She is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. You should: begin CPR and apply the AED as soon as it is available. immediately apply the AED and analyze her cardiac rhythm. begin CPR at a compression to ventilation ratio of 15:2. apply the AED if there is no response after 10 cycles of CPR.

begin CPR and apply the AED as soon as it is available.

A 60-year-old man is found to be unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. You should:

begin CPR until an AED is available

If your patient has no pulse, you should immediately __________. rule out airway obstruction begin ventilations check for breathing begin chest compressions

begin chest compressions

Several attempts to adequately open a trauma patient's airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver have been unsuccessful. You should:

carefully perform the head tilt chin lift maneuver

Respiratory arrest usually occurs before cardiac arrest in __________. adults children the elderly all patients

children

After an advanced airway device has been inserted during two-rescuer CPR, you should: pause compressions to deliver ventilations. deliver one rescue breath every 6 seconds. decrease the compression rate to about 80 per minute. increase rescue breathing to a rate of 14 breaths/min.

deliver one rescue breath every 6 seconds.

Without practice, your CPR skills will __________.

deteriorate over time

Your conscious patient has a mild partial airway obstruction. You should:

encourage the patient to cough

Signs of a sudden severe upper airway obstruction include all of the following, EXCEPT:

forceful coughing

Complications associated with chest compressions include all of the following, EXCEPT:

gastric distension

Gastric distention will MOST likely occur:

if you ventilate a patient too quickly

CPR retraining is the MOST effective when it:

involves hands on practice

A patient should be placed in the recovery position when he or she: is semiconscious, injured, and breathing adequately. has experienced trauma but is breathing effectively. is unresponsive, uninjured, and breathing adequately. has a pulse but is unresponsive and breathing shallowly.

is unresponsive, uninjured, and breathing adequately.

The impedance threshold device (ITD) may improve circulation during active compression-decompression CPR by:

limiting the amount of air that enters the lungs during the recoil phase between chest compressions, which results in negative intrathoracic pressure and improved cardiac filling.