EMT Chapter 24 Trauma Overview

7

During your assessment of a patient with a head injury, you note that he opens his eyes when you pinch his trapezius muscle, is mumbling, and has his arms curled in toward his chest. You should assign him a GCS score of:

door

When a driver is in a car equipped with an air bag, but is not wearing a seatbelt, he or she will MOST likely strike the __________ when the air bag deploys upon impact.

primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked

When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury, it is important to remember that:

osteoprorosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position

When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that:

appx the speed of the vehicle that struck the pedistrian

When evaluating the mechanism of injury of a car-versus-pedestrian collision, you should first:

quadruples

When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy:

Level I or Level II trauma center

Which of the following destinations is most appropriate for a 41-year-old male patient who was involved in a rollover motor vehicle collision and is unconscious and unresponsive, assuming that travel times to each is equal?

delopyment of the air bag

Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma?

aortic rupture

Which of the following injuries would MOST likely occur as a direct result of the third collision in a motor vehicle crash?

rapid transport to a trauma center

Which of the following interventions is the MOST critical to the outcome of a patient with multisystem trauma?

it is the most dramatic part of the collision and may make extrication difficult

Which of the following statements regarding the first collision that occurs during a motor vehicle crash is correct?

energy transmission to the spine

A 12-year-old male jumped approximately 12 feet from a tree and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his lower back. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for his back pain?

stabilize her entire spine

A 15-year-old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. She was wearing a helmet and was thrown to the ground, striking her head. In addition to managing problems associated with airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to:

potiental airway compromise

A 30-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the neck when he was attacked outside a nightclub. During your assessment, you should be MOST alert for:

compression of the head against the roof

A small compact car was involved in a rollover crash. As you are approaching the vehicle, you note that the roof is significantly collapsed. The patient, a 29-year-old male, is complaining of severe pain in his neck and to the top of his head as well as numbness and tingling in his extremities. Witnesses who removed the patient from the vehicle state that he was wearing his seatbelt. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for this patient's condition?

assess for an exit wound

A young male sustained a gunshot wound to the abdomen during an altercation. As your partner is assessing and managing his airway, you should control the obvious bleeding and then:

has a GCS score of less than or equal to 13 with a mechanism attributed to trauma

According to the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), an adult trauma patient should be transported to the highest level of trauma center if he or she:

traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome

According to the Association of Air Medical Services, you should consider air medical transport of a trauma patient if:

the speed of the fall

Factors that should be considered when assessing a patient who has fallen include all of the following, EXCEPT: the speed of the fall. the surface struck. the height of the fall. the primary impact point

intracranial bleeding

Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22-year-old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. On the basis of these signs and symptoms, you should be MOST concerned with the possibility of:

work

Force acting over a distance is the definition of:

stomach rupture

If a person is standing near a building that explodes, which of the following injuries would he or she MOST likely experience as a result of the pressure wave?

thoracic and lumbar

Passengers who are seated in the rear of a vehicle and are wearing only lap belts have a higher incidence of injuries to the _____________ spine during a rear-end crash.

transport to a trauma center

The driver of a sport utility vehicle lost control and struck a utility pole head-on. The driver was killed instantly. The passenger, a young female, is conscious and alert and has several small abrasions and lacerations to her left forearm. Treatment for the passenger should include:

kinetic energy

The energy of a moving object is called:

your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries

The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as:

falls and motor vehicle collisions

Two of the MOST common mechanisms of injury for blunt trauma are:

rotational and rollover

Which types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts?

bruising of the heart muscle

While assessing a young male who was struck in the chest with a steel pipe, you note that his pulse is rapid and irregular. You should be MOST suspicious for:

neck and facial injuries

While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, an on-scene police officer advises you that a 6-year-old male who was riding in the front seat is involved. He further states that the child was only wearing a lap belt and that the air bag deployed. On the basis of this information, you should be MOST suspicious that the child has experienced:

9

Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min. His Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is:

an assessment more focused on the chief complaint while still assessing the patient as a whole

a nonsignificant MOI should recieve

secondary assessment including rapid examination of the entire body

a patient who has sustained a significant MOI and is considered to be in serious or critical condition should recieve

lateral collisons

approx 25% of severe injuries to the aorta occur during

transport time, transport destination, and selection of type of transport

caring for victims of traumatic injuries require a solid understanding of the trauma system in the US this includes

identify contact points and predict potential injuries

evaluation of the interior of a crashed motor vehicle during extrication will allow the EMT to

have general surgeons who are in house 24 hr a day

in contrast to a Level III trauma center, a level I trauma center must

the bullet may tumble or ricochet within the body

interal injuries caused by gunshot wounds are difficult to predict because

frontal(head-on), lateral (t-bone), rear-end, rotational(spins) and rollovers

motor vehicle crashes are classified traditionally as

primary blast injuries, secondary blast injuries, tertiary blast injuries, and or miscellaneous blast injuries

people who are injured in explosions may have injuries that are classified as

potential energy, kinetic energy and work

three concepts of energy are typically associated with injury

blunt or penetrating trauma

traumatic injuries can be described as

1) collisions of vehicle against some type of object 2)collisions of passenger against the interior of the vehicle 3)collisions of the passengers internal organs against the solid structures of the body

what are the 3 types of collisions

MOI

when assessing the interior of a crash motor vehicle for damage, you are gathering information regarding the

avoid giving oxygen under positive pressure

when treating a patient who experienced a pulmonary blast injury, you should

a 4'6 patient who fell 13 feet

which of the following patients has experienced the MOST significant fall? a 4′8″ patient who fell 12 feet a 5′0″ patient who fell 13 feet a 4′6″ patient who fell 13 feet a 5′9″ patient who fell 14 feet

the speed of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury producted

which of the following statements regarding gunshot wounds is correct

the area of injury is usually close to the path the object took through the body

which of the following statements regarding low energy penetrating injuries is correct