Emt exam 4
To which of the following diabetic patients should you administer oral glucose? Select one: A.A confused 55-year-old male with tachycardia and pallor B.A semiconscious 40-year-old female without a gag reflex C.An unconscious 33-year-old male with cool, clammy skin D.A conscious 37-year-old female with nausea and vomiting
A.A confused 55-year-old male with tachycardia and pallor
Which of the following is NOT a common sign or symptom associated with malfunction of an implanted cardiac pacemaker? Select one: A.A rapid heart rate B.Syncope or dizziness C.Heart rate less than 60 beats/min D.Generalized weakness
A.A rapid heart rate
Which of the following conditions would be the LEAST likely to mimic the signs and symptoms of a stroke? Select one: A.Hypovolemia B.A postictal state C.Hypoglycemia D.Intracranial bleeding
A.Hypovolemia
Which of the following statements regarding the pain associated with AMI is correct? Select one: A.It can occur during exertion or when the patient is at rest. B.It is often described by the patient as a sharp feeling. C.Nitroglycerin usually resolves the pain within 30 minutes. D.It often fluctuates in intensity when the patient breathes.
A.It can occur during exertion or when the patient is at rest.
Which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely if injured? Select one: A.Liver B.Stomach C.Appendix D.Gallbladder
A.Liver
A 29-year-old pregnant woman has had severe vomiting for the last 2 days. Today, she is vomiting large amounts of blood. Her skin is cool and pale and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect: Select one: A.Mallory-Weiss tear. B.acute pancreatitis. C.esophageal varices. D.esophagitis.
A.Mallory-Weiss tear.
A patient with hypoglycemia will often present with which of the following signs/symptoms? Select one: A.Pale, cool, and clammy skin B.Deep, rapid respirations C.Hypertension D.Warm, red, and dry skin
A.Pale, cool, and clammy skin
Which of the following statements regarding dialysis is correct? Select one: A.Patients who miss a dialysis treatment often present with weakness. B.Hemodialysis is effective but carries a high risk of peritonitis. C.Acute hypertension is a common adverse effect of dialysis. D.The purpose of dialysis is to help the kidneys retain salt and water.
A.Patients who miss a dialysis treatment often present with weakness.
Which of the following helps filter the blood and has no digestive function? Select one: A.Spleen B.Large intestine C.Small intestine D.Stomach
A.Spleen
Which of the following signs or symptoms would the EMT MOST likely encounter in a patient with new-onset type 1 diabetes? Select one: A.Weight gain and edema B.Weight loss and polyuria C.Total lack of appetite D.Low blood glucose level
A.Weight gain and edema
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a term used to describe: Select one: A.a group of symptoms that are caused by myocardial ischemia. B.the exact moment that a coronary artery is completely occluded. C.the warning signs that occur shortly before a heart attack. D.a severe decrease in perfusion caused by changes in heart rate.
A.a group of symptoms that are caused by myocardial ischemia.
A transient ischemic attack (TIA) occurs when: Select one: A.a small clot in a cerebral artery causes temporary symptoms. B.medications are given to dissolve a cerebral blood clot. C.a small cerebral artery ruptures and causes minimal damage. D.signs and symptoms resolve spontaneously within 48 hours.
A.a small clot in a cerebral artery causes temporary symptoms.
A 47-year-old male presents with severe abdominal pain of 3 hours' duration. His abdomen is distended and guarded. Your MOST important consideration for this patient should be to: Select one: A.be alert for signs and symptoms of shock. B.assess his blood pressure to determine perfusion adequacy. C.transport him in a supine position. D.determine the exact location and cause of his pain.
A.be alert for signs and symptoms of shock.
The three major parts of the brain are the: Select one: A.cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. B.brain stem, midbrain, and spinal cord. C.midbrain, cerebellum, and spinal cord. D.cerebellum, medulla, and occiput.
A.cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem.
Proper procedure for administering oral glucose to a patient includes all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A.ensuring the absence of a gag reflex. B.assessing the patient's mental status. C.checking the medication's expiration date. D.requesting permission from medical control.
A.children cannot store excess glucose as effectively as adults.
The EMT should assess for hypoglycemia in small children with a severe illness or injury because: Select one: A.children cannot store excess glucose as effectively as adults. B.children overproduce insulin during severe illness or injury. C.illness or injury causes the pancreas to produce less insulin. D.a child's cells do not uptake glucose as rapidly as adults' do.
A.children cannot store excess glucose as effectively as adults.
Classic signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include: Select one: A.cool, clammy skin; weakness; tachycardia; and rapid respirations. B.cold, clammy skin; bradycardia; hunger; and deep, rapid respirations. C.warm, dry skin; irritability; bradycardia; and rapid respirations. D.warm, dry skin; hunger; abdominal pain; and deep, slow respirations.
A.cool, clammy skin; weakness; tachycardia; and rapid respirations.
After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should: Select one: A.immediately resume CPR. B.assess for a carotid pulse. C.transport the patient at once. D.re-analyze the cardiac rhythm.
A.immediately resume CPR.
In contrast to type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes: Select one: A.is caused by resistance to insulin at the cellular level. B.is commonly diagnosed in children and young adults. C.occurs when antibodies attack insulin-producing cells. D.is caused by a complete lack of insulin in the body.
A.is caused by resistance to insulin at the cellular level.
You arrive at the residence of a 33-year-old woman who is experiencing a generalized (tonic-clonic) seizure. She has a small amount of vomitus draining from the side of her mouth. After protecting her from further injury, you should: Select one: A.maintain her airway with manual head positioning, suction her airway to remove the vomitus, insert a nasopharyngeal airway, and administer high-flow oxygen. B.wait for the seizure to stop, manually open her airway, insert an oropharyngeal airway, and assess her oxygen saturation with the pulse oximeter. C.restrain her extremities to prevent her from injuring herself, suction her airway to remove the vomitus, and assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device. D.place a bite block in between her teeth, apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, and consider inserting a nasopharyngeal airway.
A.maintain her airway with manual head positioning, suction her airway to remove the vomitus, insert a nasopharyngeal airway, and administer high-flow oxygen.
The main function of the endocrine system is to _________. Select one: A.maintain homeostasis B.regulate glucose and calcium C.regulate blood flow D.produce glandular secretions
A.maintain homeostasis
A 67-year-old female presents with difficulty breathing and chest discomfort that awakened her from her sleep. She states that she has congestive heart failure, has had two previous heart attacks, and has been prescribed nitroglycerin. She is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. Her blood pressure is 94/64 mm Hg and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. Treatment for this patient includes: Select one: A.placing her in an upright position. B.nitroglycerin for her chest pain. C.ventilations with a BVM. D.oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula.
A.placing her in an upright position.
A 30-year-old woman with a history of alcoholism presents with severe upper abdominal pain and is vomiting large amounts of bright red blood. Her skin is cool, pale, and clammy; her heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak; and her blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg. Your MOST immediate action should be to: Select one: A.protect her airway from aspiration. B.keep her supine and keep her warm. C.give her high-flow supplemental oxygen. D.rapidly transport her to the hospital.
A.protect her airway from aspiration.
Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the: Select one: A.right atrium. B.left atrium. C.left ventricle. D.right ventricle.
A.right atrium.
A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when: Select one: A.the inner layers of the aorta become separated. B.the aorta ruptures, resulting in profound bleeding. C.all layers of the aorta suddenly contract. D.a weakened area develops in the aortic wall.
A.the inner layers of the aorta become separated.
The left cerebral hemisphere controls: Select one: A.the right side of the body. B.breathing and blood pressure. C.heart rate and pupil reaction. D.the right side of the face.
A.the right side of the body.
Urinary tract infections are more common in ____________. Select one: A.women B.sedentary adults C.men D.active adults
A.women
Which of the following statements regarding sickle cell disease is correct? Select one: A.Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disorder that causes the blood to clot too quickly. B.In sickle cell disease, the red blood cells are abnormally shaped and are less able to carry oxygen. C.Because of their abnormal shape, red blood cells in patients with sickle cell disease are less apt to lodge in a blood vessel. D.The red blood cells of patients with sickle cell disease are round and contain hemoglobin.
B.In sickle cell disease, the red blood cells are abnormally shaped and are less able to carry oxygen.
Which of the following may help reduce your patient's nausea? Select one: A.Cricoid pressure B.Low-flow oxygen C.Oral glucose D.Positive-pressure ventilation
B.Low-flow oxygen
Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space? Select one: A.Spleen B.Pancreas C.Gallbladder D.Liver
B.Pancreas
Which of the following statements regarding the AED and defibrillation is correct? Select one: A.The AED will not analyze the rhythm of a moving patient. B.The AED will shock any rhythm not accompanied by a pulse. C.Defibrillation is the first link in the AHA chain of survival. D.CPR should be performed for 5 minutes before using the AED.
B.The AED will shock any rhythm not accompanied by a pulse.
Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct? Select one: A.Blood glucose levels decrease in the absence of insulin. B.The brain requires glucose as much as it requires oxygen. C.The brain requires insulin to allow glucose to enter the cells. D.Most cells will function normally without glucose.
B.The brain requires glucose as much as it requires oxygen.
Kussmaul respirations are an indication that the body is: Select one: A.trying to generate energy by breathing deeply. B.attempting to eliminate acids from the blood. C.severely hypoxic and is eliminating excess CO2. D.compensating for decreased blood glucose levels.
B.attempting to eliminate acids from the blood.
Cardiogenic shock following AMI is caused by: Select one: A.a profound increase in the patient's heart rate. B.decreased pumping force of the heart muscle. C.hypovolemia secondary to severe vomiting. D.widespread dilation of the systemic vasculature.
B.decreased pumping force of the heart muscle.
Nitroglycerin relieves cardiac-related chest pain by: Select one: A.constricting the coronary arteries and improving cardiac blood flow. B.dilating the coronary arteries and improving cardiac blood flow. C.contracting the smooth muscle of the coronary and cerebral arteries. D.increasing the amount of stress that is placed on the myocardium.
B.dilating the coronary arteries and improving cardiac blood flow.
Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should: Select one: A.contact medical control. B.dry the chest if it is wet. C.perform CPR for 30 seconds. D.assess for a pulse for 20 seconds.
B.dry the chest if it is wet.
A patient whose speech is slurred and difficult to understand is experiencing: Select one: A.aphasia. B.dysarthria. C.paraplegia. D.dysphagia.
B.dysarthria.
Risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include: Select one: A.excess stress. B.family history. C.hyperglycemia. D.lack of exercise.
B.family history.
When the abdominal muscles become rigid in an effort to protect the abdomen from further irritation, this is referred to as: Select one: A.rebound tenderness. B.guarding. C.referred pain. D.tenderness.
B.guarding.
During your assessment of a 19-year-old male, you are told that he is being treated with factor VIII. This indicates that: Select one: A.he has thrombophilia. B.he has hemophilia A. C.he has a thrombosis. D.his blood clots too quickly.
B.he has hemophilia A.
The MOST significant risk factor for a hemorrhagic stroke is: Select one: A.severe stress. B.hypertension. C.heavy exertion. D.diabetes mellitus.
B.hypertension.
You are treating a 40-year-old male with a documented blood sugar reading of 480 mg/dL. The patient is semiconscious and breathing shallowly, and is receiving assisted ventilation from your partner. You should recognize that definitive treatment for this patient includes: Select one: A.oxygen. B.insulin. C.dextrose. D.glucagon.
B.insulin.
Chronic renal failure is a condition that: Select one: A.causes dehydration from excessive urination. B.is often caused by hypertension or diabetes. C.can be reversed with prompt treatment. D.occurs from conditions such as dehydration.
B.is often caused by hypertension or diabetes.
You arrive at a local grocery store approximately 5 minutes after a 21-year-old female stopped seizing. She is confused and disoriented; she keeps asking you what happened and tells you that she is thirsty. Her brother, who witnessed the seizure, tells you that she takes valproate (Depakote) for her seizures, but has not taken it in a few days. He also tells you that she has diabetes. In addition to administering oxygen, you should: Select one: A.place her in the recovery position and transport her with lights and siren. B.monitor her airway and breathing status and assess her blood glucose level. C.give her small cups of water to drink and observe for further seizure activity. D.administer one tube of oral glucose and prepare for immediate transport.
B.monitor her airway and breathing status and assess her blood glucose level.
Hypoglycemia can mimic conditions such as: Select one: A.stroke. B.myocardial infarction. C.cystic fibrosis. D.high fever.
B.myocardial infarction.
A man finds his 59-year-old wife unconscious on the couch. He states that she takes medications for type 2 diabetes. He further tells you that his wife has been ill recently and has not eaten for the past 24 hours. Your assessment reveals that the patient is unresponsive. You should: Select one: A.assess for the presence of a medical identification tag. B.open and maintain her airway and assess breathing. C.administer 100% oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. D.administer oral glucose between her cheek and gum
B.open and maintain her airway and assess breathing.
The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure by: Select one: A.accommodating a large amount of blood volume. B.removing sodium and water from the body. C.eliminating toxic waste products from the body. D.retaining key electrolytes, such as potassium.
B.removing sodium and water from the body.
Most AEDs are set up to adjust the voltage based on the impedance, which is the: Select one: A.direction that the electrical flow takes in the body. B.resistance of the body to the flow of electricity. C.actual amount of energy that the AED will deliver. D.distance between the two AED pads on the chest.
B.resistance of the body to the flow of electricity.
Functions of the liver include: Select one: A.production of hormones that regulate blood sugar levels. B.secretion of bile and filtration of toxic substances. C.absorption of nutrients and toxins. D.release of amylase, which breaks down starches into sugar.
B.secretion of bile and filtration of toxic substances.
You are caring for a 70-year-old female with signs and symptoms of an acute stroke. She is conscious, has secretions in her mouth, is breathing at a normal rate with adequate depth, and has an oxygen saturation of 96%. You should: Select one: A.insert an oral airway, apply oxygen, and transport. B.suction her oropharynx and transport immediately. C.assist her ventilations with a bag-valve mask. D.administer one tube of oral glucose and transport.
B.suction her oropharynx and transport immediately.
The MOST important treatment for a patient with severe abdominal pain and signs of shock is: Select one: A.positioning the patient on his or her side. B.transporting the patient without delay. C.administering high-flow oxygen. D.giving oral fluids to maintain perfusion.
B.transporting the patient without delay.
Which of the following statements regarding nitroglycerin is correct? Select one: A.The potency of nitroglycerin is increased when exposed to light. B.Nitroglycerin should be administered between the cheek and gum. C.Nitroglycerin usually relieves anginal chest pain within 5 minutes. D.A maximum of five nitroglycerin doses should be given to a patient.
C.Nitroglycerin usually relieves anginal chest pain within 5 minutes.
Which of the following is a metabolic cause of a seizure? Select one: A.Head trauma B.Massive stroke C.Poisoning D.Brain tumor
C.Poisoning
Which of the following statements regarding the acute abdomen is correct? Select one: A.The most common cause of an acute abdomen is inflammation of the gallbladder and liver. B.The parietal peritoneum is typically the first abdominal layer that becomes inflamed or irritated. C.The initial pain associated with an acute abdomen tends to be vague and poorly localized. D.An acute abdomen almost always occurs as the result of blunt trauma to solid abdominal organs.
C.The initial pain associated with an acute abdomen tends to be vague and poorly localized.
A 59-year-old male presents with sudden-onset severe lower back pain. He is conscious and alert, but very restless and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals a pulsating mass to the left of his umbilicus. You should: Select one: A.vigorously palpate the abdomen to establish pain severity. B.place the patient in a sitting position and transport at once. C.administer oxygen and prepare for immediate transport. D.request a paramedic unit to give the patient pain medication.
C.administer oxygen and prepare for immediate transport.
A 60-year-old female presents with a tearing sensation in her lower back. Her skin is sweaty and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect: Select one: A.acute pancreatitis. B.strangulated hernia. C.aortic aneurysm. D.kidney stones.
C.aortic aneurysm.
Febrile seizures: Select one: A.are also referred to as absence seizures. B.occur when a child's fever rises slowly. C.are usually benign but should be evaluated. D.often result in permanent brain damage.
C.are usually benign but should be evaluated.
When assessing for arm drift of a patient with a suspected stroke, you should: Select one: A.observe movement of the arms for approximately 2 minutes. B.ask the patient to hold his or her arms up with the palms down. C.ask the patient to close his or her eyes during the assessment. D.expect to see one arm slowly drift down to the patient's side.
C.ask the patient to close his or her eyes during the assessment.
You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. Bystanders are present, but have not provided any care. You should: Select one: A.have your partner perform CPR while you question the bystanders. B.immediately apply the AED pads and analyze his cardiac rhythm. C.begin high-quality CPR and apply the AED as soon as possible. D.perform two-rescuer CPR for 5 minutes and request ALS backup.
C.begin high-quality CPR and apply the AED as soon as possible.
The most basic functions of the body, such as breathing, blood pressure, and swallowing, are controlled by the: Select one: A.cerebral cortex. B.cerebrum. C.brain stem. D.cerebellum.
C.brain stem.
The head and brain receive their supply of oxygenated blood from the: Select one: A.subclavian arteries. B.brachial arteries. C.carotid arteries. D.iliac arteries.
C.carotid arteries.
Ketone production is the result of: Select one: A.blood glucose levels higher than 120 mg/dL. B.acidosis when blood glucose levels are low. C.fat metabolization when glucose is unavailable. D.rapid entry of glucose across the cell membrane.
C.fat metabolization when glucose is unavailable.
A patient who is possibly experiencing a stroke is NOT eligible for thrombolytic (fibrinolytic) therapy if he or she: Select one: A.is older than 60 years of age. B.has a GCS score that is less than 8. C.has bleeding within the brain. D.has had a prior heart attack.
C.has bleeding within the brain.
A patient with an altered mental status; high blood glucose levels; and deep, rapid breathing may have a condition known as __________. Select one: A.hyperglycemic crisis B.diabetic ketoacidosis C.hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma D.hypoglycemic crisis
C.hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma
Common side effects of nitroglycerin include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A.severe headache. B.bradycardia. C.hypertension. D.hypotension.
C.hypertension.
You are dispatched to a residence for a 66-year-old male who, according to family members, has suffered a massive stroke. Your primary assessment reveals that the patient is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. You should: Select one: A.obtain a blood glucose sample to rule out hypoglycemia. B.assess the patient for a facial droop and hemiparesis. C.initiate CPR and attach an AED as soon as possible. D.perform CPR for 5 minutes before applying the AED.
C.initiate CPR and attach an AED as soon as possible.
A 37-year-old female with a history of diabetes presents with excessive urination and weakness of 2 days' duration. Her blood glucose level reads 320 mg/dL. If this patient's condition is not promptly treated, she will MOST likely develop: Select one: A.hypoxia and overhydration. B.severe insulin shock. C.irreversible renal failure. D.acidosis and dehydration.
C.irreversible renal failure.
The mental status of a patient who has experienced a generalized seizure: Select one: A.is easily differentiated from that of acute hypoglycemia. B.progressively worsens over a period of a few hours. C.is likely to improve over a period of 5 to 30 minutes. D.typically does not improve, even after several minutes.
C.is likely to improve over a period of 5 to 30 minutes.
Most patients with abdominal pain prefer to: Select one: A.sit in a semi-Fowler position with their knees slightly bent. B.sit fully upright because it helps relax the abdominal muscles. C.lie on their side with their knees drawn into the abdomen. D.lie in a supine position with their knees in a flexed position.
C.lie on their side with their knees drawn into the abdomen.
A strangulated hernia is one that: Select one: A.is reducible if surgical intervention occurs within 2 hours. B.spontaneously reduces without any surgical intervention. C.loses its blood supply due to compression by local tissues. D.can be pushed back into the body cavity to which it belongs.
C.loses its blood supply due to compression by local tissues.
Common signs and symptoms of AMI include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A.shortness of breath or dyspnea. B.sudden unexplained sweating. C.pain exacerbated by breathing. D.irregular heartbeat.
C.pain exacerbated by breathing.
Your patient complains of chronic "burning" stomach pain that improves after eating. You should suspect: Select one: A.kidney stones. B.aortic aneurysm. C.peptic ulcer disease. D.pneumonia.
C.peptic ulcer disease.
After assisting your patient with prescribed nitroglycerin, you should: Select one: A.avoid further dosing if the patient complains of a severe headache. B.place the patient in a recumbent position in case of fainting. C.perform a secondary assessment before administering further doses. D.reassess his or her blood pressure within 5 minutes to detect hypotension.
C.perform a secondary assessment before administering further doses.
You are assessing the arm drift component of the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale on a 60-year-old woman. When she holds both of her arms out in front of her and closes her eyes, both of her arms immediately fall to her sides. You should: Select one: A.repeat the arm drift test and ensure that her palms are facing downward. B.defer this part of the test and assess her for facial droop and slurred speech. C.repeat the arm drift test, but move the patient's arms into position yourself. D.instruct the patient to keep her eyes open and then repeat the arm drift test.
C.repeat the arm drift test, but move the patient's arms into position yourself.
You respond to a residence for a patient who is "not acting right." As you approach the door, the patient, a 35-year-old male, begins shouting profanities at you and your partner while holding a baseball bat. The man is confused and diaphoretic, and is wearing a medical identification bracelet. You should: Select one: A.calm him down so you can assess him. B.be assertive and talk the patient down. C.retreat at once and call law enforcement. D.contact medical control for instructions.
C.retreat at once and call law enforcement.
When documenting a patient's description of his or her chest pain or discomfort, the EMT should: Select one: A.use medical terminology. B.underline the patient's quotes. C.use the patient's own words. D.document his or her own perception.
C.use the patient's own words.
The normal blood glucose level is between: Select one: A.60 and 80 mg/dL. B.160 and 200 mg/dL. C.30 and 150 mg/dL. D.80 and 120 mg/dL.
D.80 and 120 mg/dL.
A 66-year-old woman experienced a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. She has a history of type 2 diabetes and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). On the basis of her medical history, which of the following should the EMT suspect? Select one: A.Severe hypoglycemia B.Diabetic ketoacidosis C.Congestive heart failure D.Pulmonary embolism
D.Pulmonary embolism
Which of the following conditions would MOST likely affect the entire brain? Select one: A.Ruptured cerebral artery in the occipital lobe B.Reduced blood supply to the left hemisphere C.Blocked cerebral artery in the frontal lobe D.Respiratory failure or cardiopulmonary arrest
D.Respiratory failure or cardiopulmonary arrest
Which of the following organs assists in the filtration of blood, serves as a blood reservoir, and produces antibodies? Select one: A.Pancreas B.Liver C.Kidney D.Spleen
D.Spleen
A 75-year-old male with type 1 diabetes presents with chest pain and a general feeling of weakness. He tells you that he took his insulin today and ate a regular meal approximately 2 hours ago. You should treat this patient as though he is experiencing: Select one: A.an acute stroke. B.hyperglycemia. C.hypoglycemia. D.a heart attack.
D.a heart attack.
When blood flow to a particular part of the brain is cut off by a blockage inside a blood vessel, the result is: Select one: A.atherosclerosis. B.a cerebral embolism. C.a hemorrhagic stroke. D.an ischemic stroke.
D.an ischemic stroke.
Interruption of cerebral blood flow may result from all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A.an embolism. B.an acute arterial rupture. C.a thrombus. D.cerebral vasodilation.
D.cerebral vasodilation.
Common signs and symptoms of severe hyperglycemia include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A.rapid, thready pulse. B.acetone breath odor. C.warm, dry skin. D.cool, clammy skin.
D.cool, clammy skin.
Blood that is ejected from the right ventricle: Select one: A.has a high concentration of oxygen. B.enters the systemic circulation. C.was received directly from the aorta. D.flows into the pulmonary arteries.
D.flows into the pulmonary arteries.
Peritonitis may result in shock because: Select one: A.abdominal distention impairs cardiac contractions. B.intra-abdominal hemorrhage is typically present. C.severe pain causes systemic dilation of the vasculature. D.fluid shifts from the bloodstream into body tissues.
D.fluid shifts from the bloodstream into body tissues.
The spinal cord exits the cranium through the: Select one: A.cauda equina. B.vertebral foramen. C.foramen lamina. D.foramen magnum.
D.foramen magnum.
When obtaining a SAMPLE history from a patient with diabetes, it would be MOST important to determine: Select one: A.if there is a family history of diabetes or related conditions. B.the name of the physician who prescribed his or her insulin. C.approximately how much water the patient drank that day. D.if he or she has had any recent illnesses or excessive stress.
D.if he or she has had any recent illnesses or excessive stress.
Injury to a hollow abdominal organ would MOST likely result in: Select one: A.impairment in the blood's clotting abilities. B.pain secondary to blood in the peritoneum. C.profound shock due to severe internal bleeding. D.leakage of contents into the abdominal cavity.
D.leakage of contents into the abdominal cavity.
Individuals with chronic alcoholism are predisposed to intracranial bleeding and hypoglycemia secondary to abnormalities in the: Select one: A.pancreas. B.kidneys. C.brain. D.liver.
D.liver.
Angina pectoris occurs when: Select one: A.a coronary artery is totally occluded by plaque. B.one or more coronary arteries suddenly spasm. C.myocardial oxygen supply exceeds the demand. D.myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply.
D.myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply.
Excessive eating caused by cellular "hunger" is called: Select one: A.polydipsia. B.dyspepsia. C.dysphasia. D.polyphagia.
D.polyphagia.
When assessing an unresponsive diabetic patient, the primary visible difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia is the: Select one: A.patient's mental status. B.presence of a medical identification tag. C.rate and depth of breathing. D.rate of the patient's pulse.
D.rate of the patient's pulse.
When transporting a stable stroke patient with a paralyzed extremity, place the patient in a: Select one: A.supine position with the legs elevated 6 feet to 12 feet. B.sitting position with the head at a 45° to 90° angle. C.recumbent position with the paralyzed side up. D.recumbent position with the paralyzed side down.
D.recumbent position with the paralyzed side down.
You are assessing a 49-year-old man who complains of chest pressure that began the night before. He is conscious, but anxious, and tells you he has a history of angina and hypertension. After applying high-flow oxygen, you expose his chest to auscultate his lungs and note that he has a nitroglycerin patch on his right upper chest. His skin is cool and pale, his blood pressure is 78/50 mm Hg, and his pulse is 110 beats/min and irregular. You should: Select one: A.move the nitroglycerin patch to the other side of his chest in case you need to apply the AED, keep him warm, and transport without delay. B.immediately remove the nitroglycerin patch, apply the AED in case he develops cardiac arrest, and transport to the closest hospital. C.ask him if the nitroglycerin patch he is wearing has improved his chest pressure, complete your secondary assessment, and transport promptly. D.remove the nitroglycerin patch, place him in a supine position and elevate his lower extremities, and prepare for immediate transport.
D.remove the nitroglycerin patch, place him in a supine position and elevate his lower extremities, and prepare for immediate transport.
Solid abdominal organs include the: Select one: A.gallbladder and large intestine. B.urinary bladder, colon, and ureters. C.stomach and small intestine. D.spleen, kidneys, and pancreas.
D.spleen, kidneys, and pancreas.
A patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because: Select one: A.tissues of the myocardium undergo necrosis secondary to a prolonged absence of oxygen. B.the ragged edge of a tear in the coronary artery lumen causes local blood clotting and arterial narrowing. C.the coronary arteries suddenly spasm and cause a marked reduction in myocardial blood flow. D.the lumen of the coronary artery is narrowed and cannot accommodate increased blood flow.
D.the lumen of the coronary artery is narrowed and cannot accommodate increased blood flow.
The parietal peritoneum lines the: Select one: A.lungs and chest cavity. B.retroperitoneal space. C.surface of the abdominal organs. D.walls of the abdominal cavity.
D.walls of the abdominal cavity.
When you are obtaining medical history from the family of a suspected stroke patient, it is MOST important to determine: Select one: A.if the patient has been hospitalized before. B.if there is a family history of a stroke. C.the patient's overall medication compliance. D.when the patient last appeared normal.
D.when the patient last appeared normal.
Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patients: Select one: A.with a systolic blood pressure less than 120 mm Hg. B.who have taken up to two doses. C.who have experienced a head injury. D.with a history of an ischemic stroke.
D.with a history of an ischemic stroke.