EMT - Prehospital Emergency Care: Part 6: Assessment: Chapter 13: Patient Assessment

How many points are assigned for a GCS of 3 when a Revised Trauma Score is being​ computed?

0

Which of the following is a late sign of a possible skull​ injury?

Battle sign

When assessing the head in a trauma patient and specifically in assessing the​ nose, what would be considered a critical finding relating to the​ nose?

Bleeding

When you are treating a patient who is​ unstable, you should reassess the​ patient's condition at LEAST once every how many​ minutes?

5

What is the highest numerical value assigned to verbal response in computing the​ GCS?

5 points

If you are computing a Revised Trauma Score and the​ patient's GCS score is 9 with a respiratory rate of​ 32/min, a blood pressure of 80​ systolic, and a heart rate of​ 114, what is the​ patient's total revised trauma​ score?

9 - According to the parameters for the Revised Trauma​ Score, the patient would receive a 3 for his GCS​ score, a 3 for the respiratory​ rate, and a 3 for the systolic blood pressure. This totals 9 points​ (the heart rate is not included in the​ computation). OK

Which of the following would LEAST likely be a significant mechanism of injury for a​ child?

A bicycle wreck in the front yard on the grass

Which of the following adult patients should the EMT classify as critical solely on the basis of the mechanism of​ injury?

A patient with a penetrating injury to the head after crashing a motorcycle

Which of the following patients is MOST critical and in greatest need of ALS rendezvous while being transported rapidly to the​ hospital?

A patient with a tension pneumothorax

Which one of the following injuries found during the modified physical examination would NOT cause the EMT to shift to performing a​ head-to-toe physical​ examination?

A patient with shoulder pain after a fall onto an outstretched arm

While performing a rapid trauma assessment of a​ patient, you note a clear fluid leaking from the ears. This can indicate what significant​ injury?

A possible skull fracture

Which of the following conditions would cause the EMT to perform a​ head-to-toe secondary assessment when the patient has no significant mechanism of​ injury?

A sudden decline in the​ patient's mental status

During the assessment of the vital signs during the secondary​ assessment, for which assessment parameter will the EMT typically use a​ stethoscope?

Blood pressure

You are conducting the secondary assessment of an elderly woman who fell on the ice while getting her mail. She stated that she knocked the wind out of herself when she fell. Which one of the focused examinations would LEAST likely contribute to your​ assessment?

Cardiovascular

Which of the following is considered a significant mechanism of injury for a​ child?

Collision in which the child​ wasn't restrained

Why should the EMT ask the patient about the chief complaint during the reassessment​ phase?

Determine the continued existence of the original complaint or arising of new complaints.

During your secondary assessment of a patient who was injured while​ skiing, you remove her snow pants and find a puncture wound that is bleeding heavily. What critical intervention should you perform​ immediately?

Direct pressure on the bleed

What would be a critical finding in an unresponsive medical patient that the EMT would likely identify during the rapid secondary​ assessment?

Distended abdomen

After the scene​ size-up, what is the next phase of​ assessment, which focuses on finding and managing​ life-threatening conditions?

Primary assessment

You should administer oxygen via face mask or cannula to an adequately breathing patient​ with:

a pulse oximeter reading of 92 percent and chest discomfort.

An absence of breathing is​ called:

apnea.

The absence of breathing identified by NO chest wall movement is​ called:

apnea.

You arrive on scene to find an​ 18-year-old man with an abdominal evisceration. Following a systematic assessment​ routine, you should next

assess the airway.

The modified secondary assessment of a responsive medical patient begins​ with:

assessing the history. - When completing the secondary assessment for the responsive medical​ patient, you will gather the history from the patient​ first, then conduct the physical​ examination, and finally obtain the vital signs. The history comes first for the responsive medical patient for two​ reasons: (1) The most valuable information on a medical condition in the prehospital setting usually comes from what the patient can tell you about how he​ feels, and​ (2) it is important to get information from the patient before he possibly becomes unresponsive. OK

While performing a rapid secondary​ assessment, why should the EMT NOT focus solely on the complaints the patient​ has?

The pain the patient is experiencing may not correlate with the most critical injury.

Which of the following is included in the secondary assessment of an unresponsive trauma​ patient?

The​ head, neck,​ chest, abdomen,​ pelvis, extremities, and posterior aspect of the​ body; pulse, blood​ pressure, respiration, and pulse oximetry

What is the purpose of repeating the assessment of your​ patient's chief complaint during the reassessment​ phase?

To determine the effectiveness of your treatment plan

Why should the EMT follow an organized patient assessment​ format?

To ensure that patient problems are found and managed appropriately

Which of the following is considered to be a critical finding of the neck in your unresponsive medical​ patient?

Tracheal tugging

The FIRST step in the primary assessment of the patient​ involves:

forming the general impression.

You are working part time as an EMS instructor at a local community college. During one of your lectures about how to do a patient​ assessment, a student asks you what the real purpose of the primary survey is. You would explain that the purpose of the primary survey​ is:

identify and manage​ life-threatening injuries or conditions immediately.

Major bleeding should be controlled

immediately.

During​ reassessment, you determine that your stable cardiac patient has suddenly begun to deteriorate rapidly. In addition to evaluating your treatment​ plan, you may also wish​ to:

increase your transport priority.

When conducting the secondary assessment on a trauma​ patient, you should check the neck for puncture​ wounds, vertebral​ tenderness, obvious​ deformities, and:

jugular vein distention.

If the patient has been​ injured, the EMT should first attempt to determine​ the:

mechanism of injury.

The type of medical condition or complaint a patient is suffering from is referred to as​ the:

nature of illness.

Forming a general impression of your patient includes each of the​ following, EXCEPT:

obtaining a set of vital signs.

It is important to form a general impression of every patient you care​ for, as it provides valuable information about the​ patient's condition. Forming a general impression​ includes:

obtaining the​ patient's chief complaint.

A gurgling sound may indicate a liquid substance in the airway. You should​ immediately:

open the mouth and suction out the contents.

During the primary​ assessment, you should be looking for conditions that require immediate management as found. These may​ include:

open wounds to the chest that may disrupt thoracic pressures.

You are conducting the secondary assessment on a trauma patient who has fallen off a ladder onto a concrete floor. When assessing the pelvis of this​ patient, you should determine the presence or absence of​ wounds, deformities,​ and:

pain.

When conducting the secondary assessment on a trauma patient whose upper body was under a car that fell on​ him, you should check the chest for superficial​ wounds, punctures,​ and:

paradoxical chest motion.

All of the following assessment findings are indications for a​ 10-minute-or-less on-scene time and rapid​ transport, EXCEPT:

puncture wound to the forearm with controlled bleeding.

During the primary​ assessment, you are listening for sounds that may indicate partial airway obstruction. Each of the following may be heard in the patient with partial​ obstruction, EXCEPT:

rales or crackles.

A critical trauma patient should

receive a rapid secondary assessment.

Significant mechanisms of injury for an adult​ include:

seatbelt injuries noted to the abdomen and shoulder areas.

Reassessing your stable​ patient's chief complaint while en route to the hospital will enable you to NOT only establish his response to your​ treatment, but​ also:

the presence of any additional complaints.

The SAMPLE history would likely be difficult to obtain from the critically injured trauma patient​ or:

the unresponsive medical patient.

You have established manual​ in-line cervical-spine stabilization of an unconscious trauma patient. You may release manual​ stabilization:

when immobilization has been completed with straps and the CID.

You arrive at the scene of an​ "unknown emergency" and find an elderly man sitting on a toilet making incomprehensible sounds when you ask him why EMS was called. This means​ that:

you will have to speak with the family to get the chief complaint.

When assessing scene​ safety, the FIRST priority​ is:

your personal safety.

Forming your general impression of the patient can essentially be characterized​ as:

your view from the door before you start your physical exam.

You are conducting a primary assessment. You find that your patient does NOT respond to a sternal rub or pinching the web between the thumb and index finger. You determine that his mental status​ is:

​"U" for unresponsive.

Which is the BEST question to ask to obtain a chief complaint from the patient who summoned EMS at​ 6:30 A.M.?

​"Why did you call EMS​ today?"

What is the minimum pulse ox reading the EMT wants to maintain in the medical patient with spontaneous​ breathing?

​94%

What are the important assessment parameters in determining the circulation status in a​ 25-year-old male who was shot in the​ leg, after the major bleed was​ controlled?

​Color, temperature, and condition of the skin

While teaching an EMT class at a local EMS​ program, you are discussing the difference between the secondary assessment of a responsive patient and of an unresponsive patient. A student asks you why the history is obtained first when the patient is responsive. How do you​ respond?

​Often, the history provides more information that identifies the underlying problem than the physical exam does.

While assessing the pulse in a patient as you determine the​ vitals, which of the following should you be sure to​ ascertain?

​Rate, location,​ strength, and regularity

If you are computing a Revised Trauma​ Score, and the​ patient's GCS score is 14 with a respiratory rate of​ 30/min, his blood pressure is 102​ systolic, and his heart rate is​ 104, what is the​ patient's total revised trauma​ score?

11 - According to the parameters for the Revised Trauma​ Score, the patient would receive a​ "4" for his GCS​ score, a​ "3" for the respiratory​ rate, and a​ "4" for the systolic blood pressure. This totals 11 points​ (the heart rate is not included in the​ computation). OK

What is the highest numerical value that is assigned to eye opening when computing the​ GCS?

4 points - The Glasgow Coma Scale​ (GCS) is used to rank the​ patient's level of consciousness by assigning a numeric score from 3 to 15. It evaluates the​ patient's best eye​ opening, verbal​ response, and motor response. The maximum amount of points for eye opening is 4​ points, the best verbal response is 5​ points, and the best motor response is 6 points. OK

While you are performing the focused physical examination of a patient who had a minor injury from an insignificant​ mechanism, you find yourself becoming more and more uncertain about whether the patient is more critical than he is presenting currently. What should you​ do?

Abandon the focused secondary assessment and quickly perform a complete secondary assessment.

Management of which of the following can be delayed until the primary assessment is​ complete?

Abdominal evisceration

You are treating a patient with a primary complaint of dizziness and nausea. The patient had an initial pulse oximeter of 96 percent upon​ arrival, but now the value is 93 percent.​ Additionally, the heart rate has increased from​ 96/min to​ 104/min, and the respirations are currently​ 22/min. The blood pressure is unchanged. What intervention should the EMT provide to the​ patient?

Administer oxygen by nasal cannula.

What should the EMT do if a patient is complaining of​ dyspnea, has ashen nail​ beds, and has a pulse ox of 95 percent on room​ air?

Administer oxygen.

During the secondary assessment of a medical patient who is alert and​ oriented, complaining of nausea and​ vomiting, when should the EMT perform a modified secondary assessment of the​ abdomen?

After completing the OPQRST on the chief complaint - For the responsive medical​ patient, you will gather the history from the patient​ first, then conduct the physical exam and obtain the vital signs. The history comes first for the responsive medical patient for two​ reasons: (1) the most valuable information on a medical condition in the prehospital setting usually comes from what the patient can tell you about how he​ feels; and​ (2) it is important to get information from the patient before he​ possibly, becomes unresponsive. OK

During the rapid secondary assessment of an unresponsive medical​ patient, when would be a good time for the EMT to assess for abnormal breath​ sounds?

After inspecting the chest - When assessing the chest during the​ secondary, start by inspecting the chest for adequate rise and​ fall, retraction of the intercostal​ muscles, and symmetrical movement. You should then auscultate the breath sounds at the second intercostal space at the midclavicular line and at the fourth or fifth intercostal space at the midaxillary line. Compare the breath sounds from side to side. Since the assessment should be​ systematic, breath sounds would not be done before assessing the pupils or after obtaining the vitals or finding a pulse ox below 94 percent. They should be obtained after inspection of the chest is done during the rapid secondary assessment. OK

While assessing a patient with​ non-traumatic chest pain that is not cardiac in​ nature, when should the EMT perform the focused physical​ exam?

After obtaining the patient history -For the medical patient who is​ alert, oriented, and​ stable, the EMT should perform the secondary assessment in the following​ order: obtain the​ history, complete the modified secondary​ assessment, and obtain vitals. OK

During a rapid secondary assessment of a patient with critical​ injuries, when are the vitals​ taken?

After the rapid​ head-to-toe physical exam

open wounds to the chest that may disrupt thoracic pressures.

Airway occlusion

While conducting reassessments of your unresponsive medical​ patient, which of the following merits MOST of your​ attention?

Airway patency

During reassessment of your responsive medical​ patient, AVPU would refer to assessment of what patient​ parameter?

Mental status

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the rapid secondary​ assessment?

Any critical finding identified in the primary assessment makes the patient unstable and a candidate for a rapid secondary assessment.

Which of the following steps will the EMT NOT include in the secondary assessment of a patient with a traumatic​ injury?

Apply personal protection.

Which of the following is not part of the neurological assessment that the EMT would perform during the body systems​ approach?

Ask the patient about any bowel or bladder changes.

You are conducting an assessment on a​ 19-year-old female who is extremely distressed after learning her grandfather died in an auto accident about 30 minutes prior. You find NO threats in the primary​ survey, and you are now ready to begin the secondary survey. What should you do FIRST for this responsive medical​ patient?

Assess the OPQRST.

Your patient is found unresponsive and appears to be a high priority. During your assessment of the circulatory​ status, where and in what order should you evaluate the​ pulses?

Assess the radial and then the carotid.

You arrive on scene and complete the scene​ size-up on an unresponsive patient. What should you consider doing​ next?

Assess the​ patient's airway patency.

In completing a modified assessment of the lower extremities of a stable​ patient's who​ fell, what should the EMT be sure to​ include?

Assessment of the PMS

When determining the mental status during the primary​ assessment, what is typically determined FIRST in the​ patient?

Spontaneously alert

After your secondary assessment of a medical patient who is​ unresponsive, you determine that the patient has a heart rate of​ 102/min, respirations of​ 20/min, a pulse ox reading of 94​ percent, and inspiratory crackles. Which of these findings is the most critical​ finding?

Crackles

Which of the following assessments would suggest that a patient is having trouble​ breathing, even though the patient is unresponsive and cannot tell you whether she is having trouble​ breathing?

Crackles upon auscultation

Once the scene is safe and​ controlled, you prepare to begin the primary assessment of the patient. Which of the following is TRUE regarding the primary​ assessment?

Critical conditions identified during the primary assessment must be treated immediately as found.

You are called to a scene for an unresponsive patient. As you approach the​ patient, it appears he is in cardiac arrest. Given this​ assumption, what assessment parameter should you determine​ FIRST?

If a pulse is present

When should the EMT perform a rapid secondary assessment on a trauma​ patient?

If the patient has an altered mental status

When is the reassessment phase typically performed on the​ patient?

En route to the hospital

How often should a reassessment be performed on a patient who presents​ stable?

Every 15 minutes

The EMT has completed the assessment of the airway and breathing components of the primary assessment. During the assessment of the circulatory​ system, which finding would be managed​ immediately?

External arterial bleeding

Which of the following findings is consistent with a​ "stable" patient?

GCS 15

Which of the following​ findings, individually, would be sufficient to classify a trauma patient as a high​ priority?

GCS of 12 - The Glasgow Coma Scale​ (GCS) is used to rank the​ patient's level of consciousness by assigning a numeric score from 3 to 15. This scoring tool is used in emergency medical services to identify trends of improvement or deterioration in the​ patient's mental status. The GCS score is widely​ accepted, is​ reproducible, and can be reported and recorded as evidence of the mental status trending. A GCS score of 8 or less indicates a severe alteration in brain function. A GCS score of 13 or less is an indication of patient criticality and the EMT should limit​ on-scene time​ (less than 10​ minutes) and rapidly transport. History of thoracic trauma does not immediately mean that the patient is critical unless the trauma has resulted in a significant pulmonary injury. OK

You receive a call for an unresponsive male patient. Upon your​ arrival, you find the patient lying supine on the floor of his home near a fallen ladder and some hand tools. Given the information gained thus​ far, what would be your initial thought about the​ patient's condition?

He has suffered a trauma.

You are assessing a​ 21-year-old female who is complaining of sharp and severe chest pain and shortness of breath. She states it started during her daily​ five-mile run. Her vitals are respirations of​ 32, pulse of​ 126, and blood pressure of​ 106/72 with an SPO2 of 94 percent. What is her treatment​ priority?

High priority

Your patient was struck in the head by a golf ball while watching a golfing event. The patient experienced NO loss of consciousness. His airway is​ patent, breathing is​ regular, and the peripheral pulse is absent. The patient keeps asking you​ "What happened?" repeatedly. Given​ this, what would be your priority status​ determination?

High priority

What is the first component that is performed in completing the secondary assessment of a medical patient who is alert and​ oriented?

History

What is the first portion of the secondary assessment for a medical patient who is responsive and​ stable?

History

What would be the last component of assessment that the EMT would ascertain in completing a secondary assessment on a stable trauma patient who is complaining of pain to the shoulder after playing football in the​ backyard?

History - For the patient who has an injury that is not​ critical, a mechanism that is not​ significant, or a finding that is not making them​ unstable, the EMT should perform the secondary assessment in the following​ order: modified secondary​ assessment, vitals, and history. Although obtaining breath sounds may be done during the secondary​ assessment, it is not the last phase of the assessment​ (it is usually done during the assessment of the thorax during the physical​ examination). OK

At what point would the EMT consider the administration of oxygen to a patient with chest pain and​ tachycardia?

If the pulse oximeter dropped below 94 percent - In the patient who is breathing​ adequately, oxygen administration is based on signs and symptoms of​ hypoxia, hypoxemia, poor​ perfusion, heart​ failure, or respiratory​ distress; complaint of​ dyspnea; and the SpO2 reading. If oxygen is to be​ administered, it is done at a low​ concentration, usually delivered by a nasal cannula at 2 to 4 lpm and titrated to achieve an SpO2 of 94 percent or greater. Since this patient has had an objective decrease in his oxygen saturation level to a value less than 94​ percent, that alone can serve as an indication for the administration of oxygen.

If during your primary​ assessment, you note blood or secretions in the mouth and the patient is​ gurgling, what should you do​ NEXT?

Immediately suction the airway and clear any secretions.

You are treating a patient whose hand and arm were entrapped in a piece of​ equipment, causing a crushing injury. The​ patient's coworkers extricated him before your​ arrival, and there was no associated​ fall, unresponsiveness, or trauma elsewhere in the body. What type of immobilization will this patient likely​ receive?

Immobilization to the arm and hand

You are called for a patient with an injury to the foot. When you arrive you find the patient standing on his​ porch, leaning against the​ rail, and holding his foot in the air by flexing the leg. The patient states he was doing yard work when he dropped a large stepping stone on his foot. There was neither an associated fall nor other findings of trauma or disability. During your management of this​ patient, how will he be​ immobilized?

Immobilize the​ foot, but not the body.

​If, during the assessment of an unresponsive medical​ patient, you find that the patient has no​ pulse, what should you do​ next?

Initiate chest compressions.

Which of the following is true about a systematic​ assessment?

It ensures consistency.

What is the purpose of computing the Revised Trauma​ Score?

It is a numerical way to identify the severity of trauma.

When assessing the​ chest, where should the EMT listen to breath sounds at​ bilaterally?

Just below the second rib at the midclavicular line and just below the fourth rib at the midaxillary line.

What is typically one of the initial interventions​ provided, once EMS​ arrives, for an unresponsive patient who has been injured by a​ fall?

Manual stabilization of the cervical spine

In performing a secondary assessment on a trauma patient for whom no critical findings were identified in the primary​ assessment, in what order should the EMT complete the​ steps?

Modified secondary​ assessment, vital​ signs, history - The performance of a secondary assessment includes the obtaining of​ vitals, performing a physical​ examination, and obtaining a history. For the trauma patient that is stable with no critical​ findings, the EMT should perform the steps in the following​ order: modified secondary​ assessment, vital signs and history. The secondary assessment is done in this order because the physical examination of a trauma patient will yield more information that will help to determine how to treat the patient than the history likely will. OK

Which of the following can indicate that the EMT should conduct a full secondary assessment rather than a modified secondary assessment in a patient with no significant mechanism of​ injury?

More injuries exist than the patient complains of.

What component of the body system approach in the secondary assessment would be most important for a patient who fell from a ladder as he tried to clean out the gutters of his​ home?

Musculoskeletal

You have a patient who was kicked in the abdomen by a horse when the patient was walking behind it. The patient is conscious with abdominal complaints. Which of the following abdominal complaints is NOT a critical​ finding?

Nausea - During the secondary assessment of a trauma patient with an abdominal​ injury, the EMT should consider the following findings to be​ critical: severe abdominal​ pain, abdominal tenderness on​ palpation, discoloration of the​ abdomen, especially in the flank areas or around the​ navel, abdominal​ rigidity, and a distended abdomen. Nausea is not critical because it can be found with many types of​ emergencies, and is not a complaint that causes derangement of the​ airway, breathing, or circulation components. OK

You are assessing a​ 25-year-old male who was struck in the head by a piece of heavy metal while at work and had a brief moment of unresponsiveness. Upon your​ arrival, the patient is conscious and complaining of a headache. Which body​ system, at a​ minimum, would it be necessary to examine during your secondary​ assessment?

Neurological

What process would you use to further evaluate the chief complaint of the responsive medical​ patient?

OPQRST

Which of the following terms means closed or​ blocked?

Occluded

For the mnemonic​ OPQRST, what is indicted by the​ "O" in relation to the medical​ patient?

Onset

Which of the following findings would be considered critical in assessing the chest of a patient during the secondary​ assessment?

Open chest wound

Which of the following should be treated during the primary​ assessment?

Open chest wound

Following a drug​ overdose, your patient has sonorous upper airway sounds and is ashen in color. Breathing is​ labored, and the pulse is weak. What intervention listed below should the EMT provide​ FIRST?

Open the airway manually.

Which of the following steps is not part of the scene​ size-up?

Opening the airway of a patient who is in cardiac arrest

The driver of a vehicle was ejected during a collision and sustained multiple injuries. Which of the following injuries requires immediate​ intervention?

Paradoxical chest movement

Which of the following is most likely to produce critical injuries in an adult​ patient?

Partial ejection from a vehicle that was involved in an automobile crash

During your assessment of a patient suspected of having a​ stroke, you find that you have to pinch the nail beds or the trapezius muscle in order for him to have a muscular response. This is what type of stimuli response in accordance with the AVPU​ scale?

Patient responds to painful stimuli.

What is the critical intervention that must be provided to a patient who suddenly went unresponsive and has no palpable carotid pulse during the secondary​ assessment?

Perform CPR.

You are conducting an assessment on a​ 39-year-old obese male who has significant chest pain and an extensive cardiac history. You find NO threats to the primary​ survey, and you are working through your secondary assessment while waiting for ALS to arrive. What should you do after completing the SAMPLE and OPQRST​ history?

Perform a modified secondary assessment.

What is the first step of completing a secondary assessment of a patient who has a medical illness and presents an​ unresponsive?

Perform a rapid secondary assessment.

Which of the following is considered inadequate​ breathing?

Poor chest rise

Which one of the following situations requires oxygen​ administration?

Poor perfusion

What would be the immediate management for an unresponsive medical patient who has absent alveolar breath sounds upon​ auscultation?

Positive pressure ventilation

You are assessing a patient who tripped and fell on the​ floor, and is now complaining of hip pain. He appears stable and has NO other complaints. As you are completing your modified secondary​ assessment, you detect an unstable pelvis with crepitation. What should you​ do?

Quickly conduct a secondary assessment.

Which of the following findings make a patient​ unstable?

Rapid and weak pulses

When performing a secondary assessment on a trauma patient with a significant mechanism of​ injury, which type of secondary assessment should the EMT​ perform?

Rapid secondary assessment

If the EMT is assessing an unresponsive patient who suffered a massive​ stroke, in what order or sequence will the secondary assessment be​ completed?

Rapid secondary​ assessment, vitals, history

Which of the following components is NOT part of the secondary assessment of a trauma patient who is​ stable?

Rapid​ head-to-toe exam

While obtaining the vitals during the secondary​ assessment, the EMT will assess the respirations. What would be included about the respirations during the primary vitals​ assessment?

Rate and tidal volume

Evaluating the results of your clinical​ decision-making process would include which of the​ following?

Reassessing your​ patient's condition and the effects of your interventions

What is the first step of​ reassessment?

Repeat the primary assessment.

If you find a patient in a prone position after a significant traumatic​ event, what should you do as soon as is​ practical?

Roll the patient into a supine position.

You are dispatched to the residence for a​ 34-year-old male patient complaining of severe abdominal pain for the past two hours. On​ arrival, the patient tells you he would rate the pain as a 9 on a 1 to 10 scale. What part of the OPQRST would this information apply​ to?

S

You are an EMT who is volunteering to be a first aid provider for your​ city's annual marathon run. You are currently assessing a patient who is very tired after completing just half the race. The patient presents as alert and​ oriented, and no life threats were identified during the primary survey. As you start your secondary assessment of this​ patient, what will you do​ FIRST?

SAMPLE and OPQRS history

During what phase of patient assessment should the EMT ascertain whether additional​ resources, such as an ALS​ unit, are needed for the management of a patient who was found lying unresponsive outside on the​ lawn?

Scene​ size-up

Which of the following is part of the patient assessment​ process?

Secondary assessment

In assessing the vital signs for an unresponsive​ patient, what vital signs should be included beyond​ pulse, BP, and​ respirations?

Skin​ characteristics, pulse​ oximetry, and pupillary response

You are examining an otherwise healthy​ 20-year-old male jogger who tripped on a curb and fell onto the sidewalk. You note a possible fracture to his right​ wrist, and he complains of slight pain in his elbow. He denies any loss of​ consciousness, and there is no external bleeding. What would be the priority of this​ patient?

Stable

Which of the following abnormal airway​ sounds, if present in an unresponsive​ patient, would be considered a critical​ finding?

Stridor

Which of the following should be completed during the secondary assessment of every trauma​ patient?

Taking vital signs

You arrive on scene and find an elderly female patient at the bottom of a flight of stairs leading to the basement of the home. The patient was found there by a family member. Given this​ information, what should you initially assume during the general​ impression?

That the patient is injured

What is the final component that is performed in completing the secondary assessment of a medical patient who is alert and oriented and complaining of​ non-traumatic chest​ pain?

Vitals

While on scene with a trauma​ patient, when should the EMT consider requesting ALS​ backup?

Whenever your​ patient's airway is compromised

In which of the following situations would you abandon completing your modified secondary assessment and instead conduct a complete secondary​ assessment?

While en route to the​ hospital, the​ patient's heart rate keeps climbing and the blood pressure keeps falling.

Your general impression of the patient should be formed from which of the​ following?

Your observations

Cool skin that is moist is referred to as cool and clammy. It is often related​ to:

blood loss or decreased perfusion.

A respiratory rate that is too slow is​ called:

bradypnea.

​If, during the secondary​ assessment, you are examining the skin​ color, temperature, and​ condition; jugular venous distention​ (JVD); and ankle​ edema, you are likely assessing a patient with​ a(n):

cardiovascular complaint.

You are treating a patient who has chest pain and difficulty breathing. The secondary assessment should​ evaluate, at a​ minimum, the:

cardiovascular system.

You arrive on the scene of an automobile collision and find one of the drivers suffering from multiple injuries and an altered level of consciousness. After completion of the primary​ survey, you should​ next:

complete a rapid secondary assessment.