ENA Gynecologic Emergencies

Which organism can cause a miscarriage? A. Herpes simplex virus B. Hepatitis B virus C. Human immunodeficiency virus D. Human papillomavirus

A. Herpes simplex virus

Which statement accurately characterizes primary dysmenorrhea? A. Pain typically precedes menstrual flow by up to 24 hours. B. Management of primary dysmenorrhea includes the use of opioids. C. Pain occurs secondary to estrogen-mediated uterine contractions. D. The pain is most severe in perimenopausal women.

A. Pain typically precedes menstrual flow by up to 24 hours.

Which statement correctly describes vaginitis? A. Trichomoniasis is usually a sexually transmitted infection. B. Vaginitis is common in prepubertal females. C. The most common cause of vaginitis is Candida albicans. D. A strawberry cervix is a sign of bacterial vaginosis.

A. Trichomoniasis is usually a sexually transmitted infection.

Which finding occurs in the secondary phase of syphilis? A. Meningitis B. A dull symmetric rash on the palms C. Neuropathy D. Urine incontinence

B. A dull symmetric rash on the palms

Which gynecologic disorder causes visceral pain? A. Ruptured ectopic pregnancy B. Adhesions C. Endometritis D. Ruptured ovarian cyst

B. Adhesions

Which statement correctly describes patient assessment? A. Younger patients are more susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus infection. B. All women of childbearing age should have a urine pregnancy test. C. Patients who present with gynecologic complaints are low acuity patients. D. A sexual history is not required for some patients.

B. All women of childbearing age should have a urine pregnancy test.

Which statement correctly describes gonorrhea? A. The infection is localized. B. Its incidence is greatest among those ages 15 to 19. C. It is almost always asymptomatic in men. D. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is the treatment of choice.

B. Its incidence is greatest among those ages 15 to 19.

Which condition causes cyclic pelvic pain? A. Ovarian cyst B. Mittelschmerz C. Ovarian torsion D. Degenerating fibroid

B. Mittelschmerz

Which condition is marked by the twisting of the ovary or fallopian tube? A. Ovarian cyst B. Ovarian torsion C. Endometriosis D. Mittelschmerz

B. Ovarian torsion

Which statement accurately characterizes a ruptured tuboovarian abscess? A. Vaginal discharge is thick, odorless, and white. B. Septic shock is a complication. C. The pain is poorly localized. D. The abscess develops during the latter half of the menstrual cycle.

B. Septic shock is a complication.

Which disorder usually is asymptomatic? A. Syphilis B. Chancroid C. Chlamydial infection D. Bartholin's gland abscess

C. Chlamydial infection

Which statement accurately characterizes vaginal bleeding? A. Vaginal bleeding is normal in prepubertal females. B. Six saturated pads or ten saturated tampons per day signal excessive bleeding. C. Exercise can cause abnormal vaginal bleeding or amenorrhea. D. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding results from development of the corpus luteum.

C. Exercise can cause abnormal vaginal bleeding or amenorrhea.

Which statement correctly describes ovarian cysts? A. Ovarian cysts are common causes of pelvic pain. B. Ovarian cysts commonly form during the latter half of the menstrual cycle. C. Follicular cysts are the most common ovarian cysts. D. Corpus luteal cysts are more common than ovarian cysts.

C. Follicular cysts are the most common ovarian cysts.

For a patient who presents with severe dysfunctional uterine bleeding, which intervention is the priority? A. Transfuse blood. B. Administer conjugated estrogens (Premarin) intravenously. C. Infuse intravenous fluids. D. Prepare the patient for surgery.

C. Infuse intravenous fluids.

Which term describes too few episodes of menstrual bleeding? A. Menorrhagia B. Amenorrhea C. Oligomenorrhea D. Menometrorrhagia

C. Oligomenorrhea

Which statement accurately characterizes pelvic inflammatory disease? A. Candida albicans is the organism that most commonly causes pelvic inflammatory disease. B. Pelvic inflammatory disease refers to an infection of the lower reproductive tract. C. Pregnant patients with pelvic inflammatory disease should be admitted to the hospital. D. Frequent vaginal douching is a treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease.

C. Pregnant patients with pelvic inflammatory disease should be admitted to the hospital.

Which statement correctly describes genital warts? A. Genital warts are rarely seen. B. They are caused by herpes simplex virus type 2. C. Squamous cell cervical cancer is firmly linked to genital warts. D. The warts develop as soon as the initial virus is transmitted.

C. Squamous cell cervical cancer is firmly linked to genital warts.

Ectopic pregnancy is a complication of which disorder? A. Human papillomavirus infection B. Genital herpes C. Tuboovarian abscess D. Ovarian cyst

C. Tuboovarian abscess

Which statement correctly describes a Bartholin's gland abscess? A. Bartholin's glands are easily palpated and visualized. B. Bartholin's glands are located on the labia majora. C. A Bartholin's gland abscess is treated with human papillomavirus quadrivalent vaccine, recombinant (Gardasil). D. A cyst develops when the duct of the gland becomes occluded and can lead to an abscess.

D. A cyst develops when the duct of the gland becomes occluded and can lead to an abscess.

Which statement accurately describes gynecologic assessment? A. Defer the sexual history if the topic makes the patient uncomfortable. B. Palpate the area of abdominal or pelvic discomfort first. C. Auscultate for bowel sounds after palpating for abdominal or pelvic discomfort. D. Ask about pelvic pain, bleeding, and discharge during the history.

D. Ask about pelvic pain, bleeding, and discharge during the history.

Chlamydia trachomatis causes which disorder? A. Ovarian torsion B. Vulvovaginitis C. Dermatitis D. Cervicitis

D. Cervicitis

Which organism causes cervicitis? A. Human papillomavirus B. Candida albicans C. Trichomonas vaginalis D. Chlamydia trachomatis

D. Chlamydia trachomatis

Which statement correctly describes endometriosis? A. Endometriosis causes pain that usually is worse midcycle. B. Endometriosis is easily diagnosed in the emergency department. C. Endometriosis results from endometrial tissue development inside the uterus. D. Endometriosis is a common cause of cyclic pain in menstruating women.

D. Endometriosis is a common cause of cyclic pain in menstruating women.

Which vaginal discharge is typically associated with trichomoniasis? A. Odorless, clear to milky white discharge B. Thick, odorless, white vaginal discharge C. Thin, homogenous, malodorous discharge that is white to gray and coats the vaginal wall D. Malodorous, copious, frothy discharge that is white to greenish-yellow

D. Malodorous, copious, frothy discharge that is white to greenish-yellow

Which condition is associated with primary dysmenorrhea? A. Adhesions B. Endometriosis C. Pelvic inflammatory disease D. Menstruation

D. Menstruation

A patient presents with right lower quadrant pain, which she rates as an 8 (on a 0-to-10 scale). She is afebrile and states that her last normal menstrual period began 2 weeks ago. Based on these findings, which disorder is she most likely to have? A. Syphilis B. Tuboovarian abscess C. Ectopic pregnancy D. Ovarian cyst

D. Ovarian Cyst

How is syphilis usually transmitted? A. Via the bloodstream B. By bacteria spilling into the peritoneal space C. Through microabrasions on the mucosal surfaces D. Through direct contact with an infected lesion

D. Through direct contact with an infected lesion