ENA Renal and Genitourinary Emergencies
Which substance is the most common component of renal calculi? A. Calcium oxalate B. Struvite C. Uric acid D. Cystine
A. Calcium oxalate
Which sexually transmitted infection is caused by bacteria and develops as a small bump in the genitals? A. Chancroid B. Herpes simplex C. Trichomoniasis D. Gonorrhea
A. Chancroid
Which bacteria is the primary organism that causes urinary tract infections? A. Escherichia coli B. Chlamydia trachomatis C. Neisseria gonorrhoeae D. Staphylococcus aureus
A. Escherichia coli
In a patient with acute kidney injury, which electrolyte imbalance is expected? A. Hypocalcemia B. Hypernatremia C. Hypophosphatemia D. Hypermagnesemia
A. Hypocalcemia
Which substance can cause the appearance of red or dark urine? A. Phenytoin (Dilantin) B. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) C. Strawberries D. Carrots
A. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Which condition may cause urine retention? A. Spinal cord injury B. Pregnancy C. Acute pancreatitis D. Urinary tract infection
A. Spinal cord injury
The nurse should teach a patient with which disorder not to wear tight clothing or synthetic underwear? A. Urethritis B. Pyelonephritis C. Epididymitis D. Interstitial cystitis
A. Urethritis
In addition to glucose and chloride, which electrolyte is a component of peritoneal dialysate fluid? A. Potassium B. Calcium C. Phosphate D. Urea
B. Calcium
Medications from which drug class can cause priapism? A. Adrenergic agents B. Calcium channel blockers C. Aminoglycosides D. Spermicides
B. Calcium channel blockers
Which disorder is a complication of sexually transmitted infections? A. Testicular ischemia B. Endocarditis C. Impotence D. Rhabdomyolysis
B. Endocarditis
Which disorder contributes to a continued rise of nitrogenous wastes in a patient with acute kidney injury? A. Hyperkalemia B. Fever C. Dysrhythmias D. Hematemesis
B. Fever
Which disorder may result from radiation therapy for a malignant pelvic disease? A. Pyelonephritis B. Prostatitis C. Epididymitis D. Interstitial cystitis
B. Prostatitis
Which disorder is a prerenal cause of acute kidney injury? A. Diabetes mellitus B. Sepsis C. Hypertension D. Renal calculi
B. Sepsis
The treatment of rhabdomyolysis calls for administration of which medication? A. Calcium chloride B. Sodium bicarbonate C. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) D. Insulin (Humalog)
B. Sodium bicarbonate
The administration of azithromycin (Zithromax) is indicated for which sexually transmitted infection? A. Syphilis B. Gonorrhea C. Chlamydia infection D. Trichomoniasis
C. Chlamydia infection
Which sexually transmitted infection produces epididymitis in men and pelvic inflammatory disease in women? A. Trichomoniasis B. Chancroid C. Chlamydia infection D. Syphilis
C. Chlamydia infection
Which disorder involves the retrograde passage of infected urine? A. Urethritis B. Pyelonephritis C. Epididymitis D. Prostatitis
C. Epididymitis
Which disorder is more prevalent in patients with diabetes mellitus? A. Urethritis B. Epididymitis C. Pyelonephritis D. Interstitial cystitis
C. Pyelonephritis
Which disorder causes unbearable pain due to increased pressure and dilation of the kidney? A. Urine retention B. Azotemia C. Renal calculi D. Cystitis
C. Renal calculi
Which disorder is an intrarenal cause of acute kidney injury? A. Heart failure B. Pulmonary embolism C. Rhabdomyolysis D. Tumor
C. Rhabdomyolysis
Which statement correctly defines oliguria? A. Urine output is less than 100 mL in 24 hours. B. Glomerular filtration rate is 125 mL/minute. C. Urine output is less than 400 mL in 24 hours. D. Glomerular filtration rate is 180 L/day.
C. Urine output is less than 400 mL in 24 hours.
Which condition can cause rhabdomyolysis? A. Diabetes mellitus B. Pulmonary embolism C. Renal calculi D. Burn injury
D. Burn injury
Which medication causes urine retention? A. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) B. Phenytoin (Dilantin) C. Sodium bicarbonate D. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
D. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Which sexually transmitted infection causes pink-gray soft lesions with no discharge? A. Syphilis B. Chancroid C. Herpes simplex D. Human papillomavirus
D. Human papillomavirus
Which intervention is the priority for a patient with renal calculi? A. Antipyretic administration B. Intravenous fluid infusion C. Antibiotic administration D. Pain management
D. Pain management
Which disorder is a postrenal cause of acute kidney injury? A. Systemic lupus erythematosus B. Anaphylaxis C. Contrast medium D. Prostatic hypertrophy
D. Prostatic hypertrophy
Which laboratory test is the primary diagnostic indicator of rhabdomyolysis? A. Creatinine level B. Blood urea nitrogen level C. Aspartate aminotransferase level D. Serum creatine phosphokinase level
D. Serum creatine phosphokinase level
Early-stream hematuria suggests an abnormality in which genitourinary structure? A. Bladder neck B. Upper genitourinary tract C. Kidneys D. Urethra
D. Urethra
For which disorder is phenazopyridine (Pyridium) most commonly administered? A. Prostatitis B. Pyelonephritis C. Epididymitis D. Urethritis
D. Urethritis