ENA Renal and Genitourinary Emergencies

Which substance is the most common component of renal calculi? A. Calcium oxalate B. Struvite C. Uric acid D. Cystine

A. Calcium oxalate

Which sexually transmitted infection is caused by bacteria and develops as a small bump in the genitals? A. Chancroid B. Herpes simplex C. Trichomoniasis D. Gonorrhea

A. Chancroid

Which bacteria is the primary organism that causes urinary tract infections? A. Escherichia coli B. Chlamydia trachomatis C. Neisseria gonorrhoeae D. Staphylococcus aureus

A. Escherichia coli

In a patient with acute kidney injury, which electrolyte imbalance is expected? A. Hypocalcemia B. Hypernatremia C. Hypophosphatemia D. Hypermagnesemia

A. Hypocalcemia

Which substance can cause the appearance of red or dark urine? A. Phenytoin (Dilantin) B. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) C. Strawberries D. Carrots

A. Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Which condition may cause urine retention? A. Spinal cord injury B. Pregnancy C. Acute pancreatitis D. Urinary tract infection

A. Spinal cord injury

The nurse should teach a patient with which disorder not to wear tight clothing or synthetic underwear? A. Urethritis B. Pyelonephritis C. Epididymitis D. Interstitial cystitis

A. Urethritis

In addition to glucose and chloride, which electrolyte is a component of peritoneal dialysate fluid? A. Potassium B. Calcium C. Phosphate D. Urea

B. Calcium

Medications from which drug class can cause priapism? A. Adrenergic agents B. Calcium channel blockers C. Aminoglycosides D. Spermicides

B. Calcium channel blockers

Which disorder is a complication of sexually transmitted infections? A. Testicular ischemia B. Endocarditis C. Impotence D. Rhabdomyolysis

B. Endocarditis

Which disorder contributes to a continued rise of nitrogenous wastes in a patient with acute kidney injury? A. Hyperkalemia B. Fever C. Dysrhythmias D. Hematemesis

B. Fever

Which disorder may result from radiation therapy for a malignant pelvic disease? A. Pyelonephritis B. Prostatitis C. Epididymitis D. Interstitial cystitis

B. Prostatitis

Which disorder is a prerenal cause of acute kidney injury? A. Diabetes mellitus B. Sepsis C. Hypertension D. Renal calculi

B. Sepsis

The treatment of rhabdomyolysis calls for administration of which medication? A. Calcium chloride B. Sodium bicarbonate C. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) D. Insulin (Humalog)

B. Sodium bicarbonate

The administration of azithromycin (Zithromax) is indicated for which sexually transmitted infection? A. Syphilis B. Gonorrhea C. Chlamydia infection D. Trichomoniasis

C. Chlamydia infection

Which sexually transmitted infection produces epididymitis in men and pelvic inflammatory disease in women? A. Trichomoniasis B. Chancroid C. Chlamydia infection D. Syphilis

C. Chlamydia infection

Which disorder involves the retrograde passage of infected urine? A. Urethritis B. Pyelonephritis C. Epididymitis D. Prostatitis

C. Epididymitis

Which disorder is more prevalent in patients with diabetes mellitus? A. Urethritis B. Epididymitis C. Pyelonephritis D. Interstitial cystitis

C. Pyelonephritis

Which disorder causes unbearable pain due to increased pressure and dilation of the kidney? A. Urine retention B. Azotemia C. Renal calculi D. Cystitis

C. Renal calculi

Which disorder is an intrarenal cause of acute kidney injury? A. Heart failure B. Pulmonary embolism C. Rhabdomyolysis D. Tumor

C. Rhabdomyolysis

Which statement correctly defines oliguria? A. Urine output is less than 100 mL in 24 hours. B. Glomerular filtration rate is 125 mL/minute. C. Urine output is less than 400 mL in 24 hours. D. Glomerular filtration rate is 180 L/day.

C. Urine output is less than 400 mL in 24 hours.

Which condition can cause rhabdomyolysis? A. Diabetes mellitus B. Pulmonary embolism C. Renal calculi D. Burn injury

D. Burn injury

Which medication causes urine retention? A. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) B. Phenytoin (Dilantin) C. Sodium bicarbonate D. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

D. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Which sexually transmitted infection causes pink-gray soft lesions with no discharge? A. Syphilis B. Chancroid C. Herpes simplex D. Human papillomavirus

D. Human papillomavirus

Which intervention is the priority for a patient with renal calculi? A. Antipyretic administration B. Intravenous fluid infusion C. Antibiotic administration D. Pain management

D. Pain management

Which disorder is a postrenal cause of acute kidney injury? A. Systemic lupus erythematosus B. Anaphylaxis C. Contrast medium D. Prostatic hypertrophy

D. Prostatic hypertrophy

Which laboratory test is the primary diagnostic indicator of rhabdomyolysis? A. Creatinine level B. Blood urea nitrogen level C. Aspartate aminotransferase level D. Serum creatine phosphokinase level

D. Serum creatine phosphokinase level

Early-stream hematuria suggests an abnormality in which genitourinary structure? A. Bladder neck B. Upper genitourinary tract C. Kidneys D. Urethra

D. Urethra

For which disorder is phenazopyridine (Pyridium) most commonly administered? A. Prostatitis B. Pyelonephritis C. Epididymitis D. Urethritis

D. Urethritis