Endocrine System Test

Bronze skin color, hypoglycemia, and a reduced ability to cope with stress (burnout) are signs and symptoms of ____.

Addison's disease

What gland releases catecholamines

Adrenal medulla

Which of these anterior pituitary hormones regulates the endocrine activity of the cortex region of the adrenal gland

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Hypersecretion Of glucocorticoid, often caused by a tumor. Results in

Cushing's syndrome

Mr. Lee says he felt scared to death when his neighbor's dog bit him. Which of the following did he NOT experience as a result of catecholamine release

Decreased blood pressure

What two groups of steroid hormones are made by female ovaries

Estrogens and progesterone

The hormone that stimulates follicle development by female ovaries and sperm development by male testes is

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Cortisone and cortisol are types of __________ produced by the middle cortical layer of the adrenal gland

Glucocorticoid

Without iodine in the diet, which thyroid gland disorder may result

Goiter

Daniella has been diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which of the following is probably NOT one of her signs or symptoms

High blood pressure and edema

When blood glucose levels are too high, the beta cells of the pancreas release ______________ to decrease levels

Insulin

Which of the following hormones decreases blood glucose levels

Insulin

Rising blood levels of aldosterone cause the kidney tubules to

Reabsorb sodium ions

Most hormones are

Released upon stimulation by other hormones

The hormone produced by male testes which is necessary for sperm production is

Testosterone

What is the target organ of thyrotropic hormone (th) or thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh)

Thyroid

The body's major metabolic hormone, which is actually two iodine-containing hormones is called

Thyroid hormone

Which of these hormones prods the thyroid gland to release thyroxine (t4)

Thyrotropic hormone (th) or thyroid stimulating hormone (Tsh)

Select the statement that best describes the function of tropic hormones

Tropic hormones stimulate the thymus gland to secrete hormones

Which of the following is a potent stimulator Of aldosterone release

Angiotensin 2

Releasing and inhibiting hormones produced by the hypothalamus influence the activities of the

Anterior pituitary gland

Which one of the following is NOT a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary

Antidiurectic hormone (ADH)

Which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water from forming urine and as a result, increases blood volume

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Which hormone is alternately known as vasopressin due to its effect on blood pressure by causing constriction of arterioles

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A hormone produced by the heart, known as _________, prevents the release of aldosterone in order to reduce blood volume and blood pressure

Atrial natriuretic peptide

Which specific cells of the pancreatic islets release insulin in response to high blood glucose levels

Beta cells

Which of these hormones regulate calcium levels in the body

Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone (PTH)

The two hormones released by the thyroid gland are

Calcitonin and thyroid hormone

Being lipid soluble, steroids can do all the following except

Catalyze a reaction that produces cyclic AMP

Which one of the following is NOT typical of the changes that follow the binding of a hormone to its target cells

Cellular mutations occur

Six year old Timothy is small for his age, has dry skin, and scanty hair. He also shows signs of intellectual impairment. What disorder do you suspect?

Cretinism

Which of the following disorders results from the hyposecretion Of antidiuretic hormone

Diabetes insipidus

The "fight or flight" response triggers the release of

Epinephrine

Which of these hormones is released by the adrenal medulla

Epinephrine (adrenaline)

Which hormone is produced by the kidneys to stimulation production of red blood cells by the bone marrow

Erythropoietin

Hormones of the hypothalamus stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to secrete it's hormones. How would you classify this type of endocrine gland stimulation

Hormonal

Which hormone, produced by the placenta, stimulates the ovaries to continue producing estrogen and progesterone so that the lining of the uterine is not sloughed off in Menes

Human chorionic gonadotro pin (hcg)

Parathyroid hormone (pth) is secreted by the parathyroid Glands in response to low blood concentration of calcium ions. This mechanism operates by a

Humoral stimulus

Which two important hormones are produced by the islet Cells of the pancreas

Insulin and glucagon

Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce a hormone known as __________ while the alpha cells produce a hormone known as

Insulin; glucagon

The pineal gland produces _______

Melatonin

Which hormone appears to play an important role in establishing the body's sleep-wake cycle

Melatonin

As the efficiency of the ovaries declines in middle age, a woman's ability to bear children ends. What is this known as

Menopause

Which one of the following NOT a sign of diabetes mellitus

Moon face

Where are the parathyroidglands located

Posterior surface of thyroid gland

Which two hormones play a role in promoting the milk reflex and stimulating and maintaining breast milk production in a nursing mother's breasts

Prolactin (prl) and oxytocin

Sex hormones produced by the ovaries and testes

Promote the formation of sex cells

Which of the following is a function of the mineralocorticoids, such as aldosterone

Regulate salt content of the blood

The enzyme produced by the kidneys when blood pressure drops, stimulating a release of aldosterone, is called

Renin

How would you classify a hormone that is made from cholesterol, such as a sex hormone

Steroid hormone

Which of the following is NOT an effect of testosterone on males

Stimulation of the posterior pituitary

In the second-messenger System, what serves as the first messenger

The hormone

What is the primary function of thymosin

Thymosin appears to be essential for the normal development of T lymphocytes

Which gland is located in the upper thorax, osterior to the sternum

Thymus

Alcohol inhibits the secretion Of

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

The hypothalamus makes two hormones, _____________ and __________, that are stored by the posterior pituitary

Oxytocin; antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Calcitonin is made by the __________ Cells of the thyroid gland

Parafollicular

Where is calcitonin made

Parafollicular Cells of the thyroid gland

Tetany resulting from uncontrolled muscle spasms may indicate a malfunction of the

Parathyroid glands

Hyposecretion Of growth hormone during childhood leads to

Pituitary dwarfism

Which endocrine gland is most closely associated with the hypothalamus

Pituitary gland

Some people purchase melatonin as an over-the-counter medication. For what specific purpose

Sleep aid

Proteins and peptide hormones, activate target cells using

The second messenger system