Endocrine System Test
Bronze skin color, hypoglycemia, and a reduced ability to cope with stress (burnout) are signs and symptoms of ____.
Addison's disease
What gland releases catecholamines
Adrenal medulla
Which of these anterior pituitary hormones regulates the endocrine activity of the cortex region of the adrenal gland
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Hypersecretion Of glucocorticoid, often caused by a tumor. Results in
Cushing's syndrome
Mr. Lee says he felt scared to death when his neighbor's dog bit him. Which of the following did he NOT experience as a result of catecholamine release
Decreased blood pressure
What two groups of steroid hormones are made by female ovaries
Estrogens and progesterone
The hormone that stimulates follicle development by female ovaries and sperm development by male testes is
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Cortisone and cortisol are types of __________ produced by the middle cortical layer of the adrenal gland
Glucocorticoid
Without iodine in the diet, which thyroid gland disorder may result
Goiter
Daniella has been diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which of the following is probably NOT one of her signs or symptoms
High blood pressure and edema
When blood glucose levels are too high, the beta cells of the pancreas release ______________ to decrease levels
Insulin
Which of the following hormones decreases blood glucose levels
Insulin
Rising blood levels of aldosterone cause the kidney tubules to
Reabsorb sodium ions
Most hormones are
Released upon stimulation by other hormones
The hormone produced by male testes which is necessary for sperm production is
Testosterone
What is the target organ of thyrotropic hormone (th) or thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh)
Thyroid
The body's major metabolic hormone, which is actually two iodine-containing hormones is called
Thyroid hormone
Which of these hormones prods the thyroid gland to release thyroxine (t4)
Thyrotropic hormone (th) or thyroid stimulating hormone (Tsh)
Select the statement that best describes the function of tropic hormones
Tropic hormones stimulate the thymus gland to secrete hormones
Which of the following is a potent stimulator Of aldosterone release
Angiotensin 2
Releasing and inhibiting hormones produced by the hypothalamus influence the activities of the
Anterior pituitary gland
Which one of the following is NOT a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary
Antidiurectic hormone (ADH)
Which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water from forming urine and as a result, increases blood volume
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Which hormone is alternately known as vasopressin due to its effect on blood pressure by causing constriction of arterioles
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
A hormone produced by the heart, known as _________, prevents the release of aldosterone in order to reduce blood volume and blood pressure
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Which specific cells of the pancreatic islets release insulin in response to high blood glucose levels
Beta cells
Which of these hormones regulate calcium levels in the body
Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone (PTH)
The two hormones released by the thyroid gland are
Calcitonin and thyroid hormone
Being lipid soluble, steroids can do all the following except
Catalyze a reaction that produces cyclic AMP
Which one of the following is NOT typical of the changes that follow the binding of a hormone to its target cells
Cellular mutations occur
Six year old Timothy is small for his age, has dry skin, and scanty hair. He also shows signs of intellectual impairment. What disorder do you suspect?
Cretinism
Which of the following disorders results from the hyposecretion Of antidiuretic hormone
Diabetes insipidus
The "fight or flight" response triggers the release of
Epinephrine
Which of these hormones is released by the adrenal medulla
Epinephrine (adrenaline)
Which hormone is produced by the kidneys to stimulation production of red blood cells by the bone marrow
Erythropoietin
Hormones of the hypothalamus stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to secrete it's hormones. How would you classify this type of endocrine gland stimulation
Hormonal
Which hormone, produced by the placenta, stimulates the ovaries to continue producing estrogen and progesterone so that the lining of the uterine is not sloughed off in Menes
Human chorionic gonadotro pin (hcg)
Parathyroid hormone (pth) is secreted by the parathyroid Glands in response to low blood concentration of calcium ions. This mechanism operates by a
Humoral stimulus
Which two important hormones are produced by the islet Cells of the pancreas
Insulin and glucagon
Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce a hormone known as __________ while the alpha cells produce a hormone known as
Insulin; glucagon
The pineal gland produces _______
Melatonin
Which hormone appears to play an important role in establishing the body's sleep-wake cycle
Melatonin
As the efficiency of the ovaries declines in middle age, a woman's ability to bear children ends. What is this known as
Menopause
Which one of the following NOT a sign of diabetes mellitus
Moon face
Where are the parathyroidglands located
Posterior surface of thyroid gland
Which two hormones play a role in promoting the milk reflex and stimulating and maintaining breast milk production in a nursing mother's breasts
Prolactin (prl) and oxytocin
Sex hormones produced by the ovaries and testes
Promote the formation of sex cells
Which of the following is a function of the mineralocorticoids, such as aldosterone
Regulate salt content of the blood
The enzyme produced by the kidneys when blood pressure drops, stimulating a release of aldosterone, is called
Renin
How would you classify a hormone that is made from cholesterol, such as a sex hormone
Steroid hormone
Which of the following is NOT an effect of testosterone on males
Stimulation of the posterior pituitary
In the second-messenger System, what serves as the first messenger
The hormone
What is the primary function of thymosin
Thymosin appears to be essential for the normal development of T lymphocytes
Which gland is located in the upper thorax, osterior to the sternum
Thymus
Alcohol inhibits the secretion Of
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
The hypothalamus makes two hormones, _____________ and __________, that are stored by the posterior pituitary
Oxytocin; antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Calcitonin is made by the __________ Cells of the thyroid gland
Parafollicular
Where is calcitonin made
Parafollicular Cells of the thyroid gland
Tetany resulting from uncontrolled muscle spasms may indicate a malfunction of the
Parathyroid glands
Hyposecretion Of growth hormone during childhood leads to
Pituitary dwarfism
Which endocrine gland is most closely associated with the hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
Some people purchase melatonin as an over-the-counter medication. For what specific purpose
Sleep aid
Proteins and peptide hormones, activate target cells using
The second messenger system