ENG. 1100 Composition 1

MLA-Style Works Cited The student is quoting from the unsigned editorial "Asserting Silence," published in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch on June 4, 2010.

"Asserting Silence." Editorial. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 4 June 2010, p. A16.

CH. 15: The main difference between a review of literature and an annotated bibliography is which of the following?

A review of literature shows how the sources within a body of literature relate to one another.

Appropriate Quotation (MLA Style) Original Source: The Internet has turned teenagers into honest documentarians of their own lives—reporters embedded in their homes, their schools, their own heads. But this is also why it's dangerous, why we can't seem to recognize that it's just a medium. We're afraid. Our kids know things we don't. —Amy Goldwasser

According to Goldwasser, the cause for fear is that Internet access "has turned teenagers into honest documentarians of their own lives ... Our kids know things we don't" (667).

CH. 51: What is the main difference between writing a paraphrase and writing a summary?

In a summary, you condense the information in the source.

CH. 51: When using a quotation of five or more lines in your writing, which of these formatting rules should you follow?

Indent the entire quotation one-half inch from the left margin.

CH. 32: Why might it be useful to rewrite your draft in a different way or from a different perspective?

Rewriting your draft can help you understand where your original draft may be lacking.

CH. 13: Which of the following is a key feature of arguments?

appeals to readers' values

CH. 38: A conclusion based on insufficient or inappropriately qualified evidence is known as what type of fallacy?

hasty generalization

CH. 38: Which of the following reasons BEST explains why you might include a scenario, or a hypothetical situation, as evidence for an argument?

to offer a new way of looking at a particular state of affairs

CH. 13: When revising a draft of your argument, which of the following questions will BEST help you and others study your draft with a critical eye?

Is there enough evidence to support your reasons?

CH. 16: Which of the following is the MOST IMPORTANT reason to present a balanced and fair assessment of your subject in an evaluation?

A balanced and fair assessment is needed because readers know that something is seldom all good or all bad.

CH. 35: Which of the following statements accurately describes what the beginning of a text should accomplish?

A beginning should grab the attention of readers and make them want to keep reading.

CH. 36: Which of the following statements is true about thesis statements?

A thesis statement takes a stand or makes a claim

CH. 15: Which of the following is a key feature of annotated bibliographies?

Consistent presentation

MLA-Style Works Cited The student is paraphrasing from the second edition of the book Queen Bees and Wannabes: Helping Your Daughter Survive Cliques, Gossip, Boyfriends, and the New Realities of Girl World by Rosalind Wiseman. It was published in 2009 by Three Rivers Press, which is an imprint of Crown Publishing Group, which itself is a division of Random House.

Wiseman, Rosalind. Queen Bees and Wannabes: Helping Your Daughter Survive Cliques, Gossip, Boyfriends, and the New Realities of Girl World. 2nd ed., Crown Publishing Group, 2009.

CH. 1: Which of the following statements BEST describes how you should use the ideas of others in your academic writing?

You should present the ideas of others in conversation with your own ideas, quoting, paraphrasing, or summarizing what others have said and then agreeing, disagreeing, or both.

CH. 21: In general, why are there so many ways to organize a reflective essay?

because they imitate the way we think

CH. 15: Which of the following is a key feature of reviews of scholarly literature?

careful, thorough research

CH. 36: You can use transition words like "although," "but," and "however" in your writing to signal

changes in direction

CH. 1: Which of the following strategies could you use in your writing to demonstrate that you've considered your subject thoughtfully, which is an expectation of academic writing?

citing authoritative sources

CH. 32: Which of the following strategies would BEST help you revise your draft to sharpen its focus?

outlining your draft to help you ensure that each paragraph contributes to your main point

CH. 36: Which of the following words could you use to help qualify your thesis?

probably

CH. 32: Imagine that you are tasked with responding to a peer's draft. Which of the following ways of responding BEST illustrates the guidelines given in this chapter?

reading your peer review partner's draft twice and writing comments and suggestions on a separate sheet of paper

CH. 32: Which of the following strategies would BEST help you revise your draft for clarity?

rewriting what you're trying to express as if you were talking to a young child

CH. 13: When refuting other positions in your argument essay, it is important to do which of the following?

state the other position as clearly and fairly as possible

CH. 4: Which of the following strategies can help you stay focused and engaged during lectures?

taking notes and identifying the main ideas during lectures

CH. 4: Treating school as you would a job is a tip offered to help you develop which of the following academic habits of mind?

taking responsibility for your own actions

CH. 1: Which of the following strategies could you use in your writing to convey confidence and establish your authority to write about your subject?

using active verbs and straightforward prose

CH. 51: When deciding whether to quote, paraphrase, or summarize a source's information, when is it best to paraphrase?

when exact wording of the source is not necessary but there are details you need to include

CH. 21: When generating ideas and text for a reflective essay, it's important to do which of the following?

All of these are important considerations when generating ideas and text for a reflective essay

CH. 4: Which of the following is a useful tip for persisting in college?

All of these are useful tips for persisting in college.

MLA-Style In-Text Documentation Walker, Rob. "Stuck on You." The New York Times Magazine, 3 June 2010, www.nytimes.com/2010/06/06/magazine/06fob-consumed-t.html. Accessed 9 June 2010.

According to a 2008 study, drivers with bumper stickers on their cars are much more likely to display road rage (Walker).

Appropriate Quotation (MLA Style) Original Source: To be very clear, then, I am not criticizing the work of Habitat for Humanity. —Diana George

Although George criticizes the visuals that advertise Habitat for Humanity, she is careful to state, "I am not criticizing the work of Habitat for Humanity" (623).

MLA-Style In-Text Documentation "114,000 iPads Hacked." CNN.com, Cable News Network, 10 June 2010, cnn.com/videos/tech/2010/06/10/nr.levs.ipad.security.breach.cnn. Accessed 11 June 2010.

As many as 114,000 new iPad owners were left vulnerable after hackers took advantage of security lapses and gathered private user information ("114,000 iPads").

Appropriate Quotation (MLA Style): Original Source: Most [magazine] editors test their covers in focus groups in an endless search for the magic that will make their magazines fly off the shelves—and to avoid costly mistakes. —Katharine Q. Seelye

Seelye argues that magazine editors seek "the magic that will make their magazines fly off the shelves" (604).

MLA-Style Works Cited For an essay about women in American films from the 1960s, the student is citing the performances of George Peppard and Audrey Hepburn and the work of the director Blake Edwards in Breakfast at Tiffany's. The film was released in 1961 and distributed on DVD in the Paramount Centennial Collection in 2009.

Breakfast at Tiffany's. Performances by George Peppard and Audrey Hepburn, directed by Blake Edwards, Paramount Pictures, 1961.

Avoiding Plagiarism (MLA Style): Original source: Radio was a new thrill for many Americans in the twenties, but it had extraordinary value for the isolated farm families of the Midwest, for whom solitude loomed as a daily problem. Radio was a source of music and fun, information and weather reports, and it was an easy way to enjoy the pleasure of other people's company. In-person visiting was a special event that often meant putting on dress clothes and serving cakes and lemonade and gathering politely in the parlor; frequently the press of chores or bad weather made that impossible. But with a radio, women could continue their housework as they listened to a friendly voice; men working in the barn had access to weather reports and farm programs. From: Stern, Jane, and Michael Stern. Two for the Road: Our Love Affair with American Food. Houghton Mifflin, 2005.The passage appears on page 103. Using the source: In the twenties, radio was a source of music and fun, information and weather reports (Stern and Stern 103).

Could be considered plagiarism

CH. 15: When deciding what sources to include in an annotated bibliography written for a college course, it's best to include every source you find or look at.

False

MLA-Style In-Text Documentation George, Diana. "Changing the Face of Poverty: Nonprofits and the Problem of Representation." Popular Literacy: Studies in Cultural Practices and Poetics, edited by John Trimbur, U of Pittsburgh P, pp. 209-28.

George examines videos for Habitat for Humanity and explores whether "reliance on stereotypes of poverty can, in fact, work against the aims of the organization producing them" (210).

MLA-Style Works Cited The student is paraphrasing from page 265 of Pictures at a Revolution: Five Movies and the Birth of the New Hollywood by Mark Harris. The book was published by Penguin Press in 2008.

Harris, Mark. Pictures at a Revolution: Five Movies and the Birth of the New Hollywood. Penguin Press, 2008.

CH. 35: Seth ends his research essay on plastic straws by including a few simple steps that readers can take to cut back on or eliminate their use of straws. Which of the following statements BEST describes how Seth is ending his essay?

He is proposing some action.

Appropriate Quotation (MLA Style) Original Source: Anecdotally, adolescent vegetarianism seems to be rising, thanks in part to YouTube animal slaughter videos that shock the developing sensibilities of many U.S. children. But there isn't enough long-term data to prove that [the trend is real], according to government researchers. —Mike Stobbe

If more adolescents are becoming vegetarian, this trend may be related to "YouTube animal slaughter videos that shock the developing sensibilities of many U.S. children" (Stobbe 649).

CH. 49: When considering whether a source might be useful to your research, which of the following questions will be MOST helpful in establishing whether the source is reliable?

Is the source peer-reviewed?

MLA-Style Works Cited The student is citing two books by Lawrence Lessig. One is Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid Economy, published by Penguin Press in 2008. The other is Free Culture: The Nature and Future of Creativity, published by Penguin Press in 2004.

Lessig, Lawrence. Free Culture: The Nature and Future of Creativity. Penguin Press, 2004.- - -. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid Economy. Penguin Press, 2008.

MLA-Style In-Text Documentation Reichert, Julie, et al. "Narrative Medicine and Emerging Clinical Practice." Literature and Medicine, vol. 27, no. 2, Fall 2008, pp. 248-71.

Many medical students participating in the study "commented on the ways that writing helped them become more observant and thoughtful" (Reichert et al. 258).

MLA-Style Works Cited The student is citing the book Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things by William McDonough and Michael Brungart. It was published by North Point Press, an imprint of the publisher Farrar, Straus and Giroux, in 2002.

McDonough, William, and Michael Brungart. Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2002.

MLA-Style In-Text Documentation Fallows, James. "Cyber Warriors." The Atlantic, Mar. 2010, pp. 58-63.

Some worry about a cyber threat to American security, "that organizations or individuals may be spying on, tampering with, or preparing to inflict damage on America's electronic networks" (Fallows, "Cyber" 60).

MLA-Style In-Text Documentation Ruzich, Constance M., and A. J. Grant. "Predatory Lending and the Devouring of the American Dream." The Journal of American Culture, vol. 32, no. 2, June 2009, pp. 137-45.

Ruzich and Grant claim the term predatory lending suggests a metaphor that sheds light on current American attitudes toward credit and the relationships between lending institutions and borrowers (139).

CH. 35: Which of the following strategies would BEST be used as a way to end an essay?

Propose some action.

CH. 1: For a first-year writing course, which of the following outcomes, as defined by the National Council of Writing Program Administrators (WPA), relates to a knowledge of rhetoric?

Read and write texts in a number of different genres, and understand how your purpose may influence your writing.

CH. 21: Which of the following assignments is MOST DIRECTLY asking the student to write a reflective essay?

Speculate on your growth as a student over this entire semester.

MLA-Style In-Text Documentation Tannen, Deborah. You're Wearing That? Understanding Mothers and Daughters in Conversation. Ballantine Books, 2006.

Tannen claims that in some cases, a new medium such as email "just substitutes a new form for an old function" (You're Wearing That? 194).

CH. 13: Which of the following claims is BEST suited for an argument essay written for a college course?

The federal government should subsidize childcare for low-income families.

CH. 36: Which of the following statements BEST describes what the title of your text should accomplish?

Titles should provide clues to the content of your text and entice readers to read further.

MLA-Style In-Text Documentation Robin, Corey. "Garbage and Gravitas." The Nation, 7 June 2010, pp. 21-27.

Toward the end of a review of two biographies of Ayn Rand, Robin asks the following question: "[H]ow could such a mediocrity . . . exert such a continuing influence on the culture at large?" (27).

CH. 16: When writing an evaluation, you should include just enough information about your subject -- as opposed to a complete summary of it -- to help readers understand the context of your evaluation.

True

CH. 35: Providing an anecdote is an acceptable method for beginning as well as ending an essay.

True

CH. 36: A topic sentence usually comes at the beginning of a paragraph.

True

CH. 49: False or "fake" news has been around since at least the invention of the printing press.

True

CH. 51: When paraphrasing a passage, which of the following guidelines should you follow to ensure that you avoid plagiarism?

Use your own words and sentence structure.

Avoiding Plagiarism (MLA Style): Original source: For those who can't afford to be fussy about status or pay, there are of course plenty of jobs in America. Hundreds of thousands of immigrants crowd into the country every year to work in lawn maintenance, on construction crews, or as housecleaners, nannies, and meat packers. Even in the absence of new job creation, high turnover in the low-wage job sector guarantees a steady supply of openings to the swift and the desperate. To white-collar job seekers, these are known as "survival jobs"—something to do while waiting for a "real" job to come along. From: Ehrenreich, Barbara. Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Pursuit of the American Dream. Metropolitan Books, 2005.The passage appears on pages 202-03. Using the source: Ehrenreich cites a consistent pool of low-paying jobs that some white-collar workers disdain and regard as jobs of last resort (202-03).

Uses the source appropriately

Avoiding Plagiarism (MLA Style): Original source: For those who can't afford to be fussy about status or pay, there are of course plenty of jobs in America. Hundreds of thousands of immigrants crowd into the country every year to work in lawn maintenance, on construction crews, or as housecleaners, nannies, and meat packers. Even in the absence of new job creation, high turnover in the low-wage job sector guarantees a steady supply of openings to the swift and the desperate. To white-collar job seekers, these are known as "survival jobs"—something to do while waiting for a "real" job to come along. From: Ehrenreich, Barbara. Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Pursuit of the American Dream. Metropolitan Books, 2005.The passage appears on pages 202-03. Using the source: Ehrenreich explains that in the current economy, "[e]ven in the absence of new job creation, high turnover ... guarantees a steady supply of openings" for low-paying jobs (202-03).

Uses the source appropriately

CH. 49: When reading a source with a critical eye, which of the following questions will be MOST helpful as you evaluate how persuasive its argument is?

What reasons and evidence does the author provide in support of their position?

Appropriate Quotation (MLA Style) Original Source: I haven't found a soul who tried this machine who wasn't appalled, baffled, or both. —David Pogue

When evaluating the BlackBerry, Pogue complains, "I haven't found a soul who tried this machine who wasn't appalled, baffled, or both" (D7).

CH. 4: Which of the following actions is an example of metacognitive thinking?

When you finish an assignment, you make some notes on what you did well, what problems you had, and how you solved them (or not).

CH. 38: Which of the following BEST describes a "claim" in an argument?

a statement that reasonable people may disagree about

Avoiding Plagiarism (MLA Style): Original source: Radio was a new thrill for many Americans in the twenties, but it had extraordinary value for the isolated farm families of the Midwest, for whom solitude loomed as a daily problem. Radio was a source of music and fun, information and weather reports, and it was an easy way to enjoy the pleasure of other people's company. In-person visiting was a special event that often meant putting on dress clothes and serving cakes and lemonade and gathering politely in the parlor; frequently the press of chores or bad weather made that impossible. But with a radio, women could continue their housework as they listened to a friendly voice; men working in the barn had access to weather reports and farm programs. From: Stern, Jane, and Michael Stern. Two for the Road: Our Love Affair with American Food. Houghton Mifflin, 2005. The passage appears on page 103. Using the source: Jane Stern and Michael Stern note that because many Midwestern farm families were isolated, radio provided a new thrill and extraordinary value (103).

could be considered plagiarism

Appropriate Quotation (MLA Style) Original Source: Grief turns out to be a place none of us know until we reach it. —Joan Didion

Didion suggests that "[g]rief turns out to be a place none of us know until we reach it" (929).

Avoiding Plagiarism (MLA Style): Original source: Radio was a new thrill for many Americans in the twenties, but it had extraordinary value for the isolated farm families of the Midwest, for whom solitude loomed as a daily problem. Radio was a source of music and fun, information and weather reports, and it was an easy way to enjoy the pleasure of other people's company. In-person visiting was a special event that often meant putting on dress clothes and serving cakes and lemonade and gathering politely in the parlor; frequently the press of chores or bad weather made that impossible. But with a radio, women could continue their housework as they listened to a friendly voice; men working in the barn had access to weather reports and farm programs. From: Stern, Jane, and Michael Stern. Two for the Road: Our Love Affair with American Food. Houghton Mifflin, 2005.The passage appears on page 103. Using the source: Stern and Stern explain that for farmers a visit with neighbors "meant putting on dress clothes and serving cakes and lemonade and gathering politely in the parlor" (103).

uses the source appropriately

Appropriate Quotation (MLA Style) Original Source: Do temperamentally violent kids seek out shows that express feelings they already have, or are they in it for the adrenaline boost? —Maggie Cutler

"Do temperamentally violent kids seek out shows that express feelings they already have ... ?" Cutler asks (64).

CH. 38: To establish your own credibility with readers, which of the following methods should you use to incorporate other viewpoints?

All of these methods for incorporating other viewpoints will help to establish your credibility with readers.

MLA-Style Works Cited The student is citing "The Enhancement of the Senses," a review of the book The Age of Wonder: How the Romantic Generation Discovered the Beauty and Terror of Science. The review appeared in the magazine The Nation on May 31, 2010, on pp. 33-36.

Findlen, Paula. "The Enhancement of the Senses." Review of The Age of Wonder: How the Romantic Generation Discovered the Beauty and Terror of Science, by Richard Holmes. The Nation, 31 May 2010, pp. 33-36.

MLA-Style Works Cited The student is summarizing the article "What Does the Millennial Generation Want from a Mobile Phone?" by Stephanie Camp. The article appeared online in The Huffington Post on June 9, 2010. The student accessed the article on June 17, 2010.

Camp, Stephanie. "What Does the Millennial Generation Want from a Mobile Phone?" The Huffington Post, 9 June 2010, www.huffingtonpost.com/stephanie-camp/what-does-the-millennial_b_606077.html. Accessed 17 June 2010.

CH. 49: Which of the following strategies can help you investigate a news source to determine whether it is false news?

Check the URL to see whether the source is hosted on a counterfeit website that mimics a real news source by altering the URL.

MLA-Style Works Cited The student is quoting from a review by Betsy Sharkey (titled "Untangling the Past") of the film The Secret in Their Eyes, which was directed by Juan José Campanella. The review was published April 16, 2010, and accessed online on May 3, 2010, from the Los Angeles Times.

Sharkey, Betsy. "Untangling the Past." Review of The Secret in Their Eyes, directed by Juan José Campanella. Los Angeles Times, 16 Apr. 2010, articles.latimes.com/2010/apr/16/entertainment/la-et-secret-20100416. Accessed 3 May 2010.

CH. 35: Tatianna begins her essay on drug abuse by telling a brief story about her older brother's struggles with heroin addiction. Which of the following statements BEST describes how Tatianna is beginning her essay?

She is starting with an anecdote to bring the topic to life.

MLA-Style In-Text Documentation Korten, Tristram. "Rum and Hope." The Atlantic, May 2010, pp. 19-20.

Thierry Gardère believes that "what we have to do in Haiti to survive is to be completely self-sufficient" (qtd. in Korten 20).

CH. 16: Which of the following is a key feature of evaluations?

clearly defined criteria

CH. 49: When comparing two or more sources that present similar information, which of the following questions should you ask to help decide which source is the best to use?

Which source's argument is most logical?

CH. 16: Which of the following thesis statements would work BEST in an evaluation essay written for a college course?

While affable enough, Mary Poppins Returns is a predictable, all-too-manufactured reprise of the original 1964 film.

CH. 15: The main difference between evaluative and descriptive annotations is which of the following?

Evaluative annotations include relevant commentary on each source.

CH. 13: When generating ideas and text for your argument, it is best to keep a strict pro or con position rather than to qualify your thesis to certain conditions, within certain limitations, etc.

False

CH. 1: Academic writterm-5ing is generally expected to be about as subjective and biased as other types of writing.

False

CH. 21: For a reflective essay, it's best to choose a topic with which you are intimately familiar

False

CH. 21: Which of the following is a key feature of reflective essays?

a questioning, speculative tone

Avoiding Plagiarism (MLA Style): Original source: For those who can't afford to be fussy about status or pay, there are of course plenty of jobs in America. Hundreds of thousands of immigrants crowd into the country every year to work in lawn maintenance, on construction crews, or as housecleaners, nannies, and meat packers. Even in the absence of new job creation, high turnover in the low-wage job sector guarantees a steady supply of openings to the swift and the desperate. To white-collar job seekers, these are known as "survival jobs"—something to do while waiting for a "real" job to come along. From: Ehrenreich, Barbara. Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Pursuit of the American Dream. Metropolitan Books, 2005.The passage appears on pages 202-03. Using the source: For the workers who do not have the luxury to care about salary or prestige, there are many work choices (Ehrenreich 202).

Could be considered plagiarism

CH. 16: When presenting your judgment on a subject, which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

Your evaluation should acknowledge both strengths and weaknesses of your subject.

Avoiding Plagiarism (MLA Style): Original source: Radio was a new thrill for many Americans in the twenties, but it had extraordinary value for the isolated farm families of the Midwest, for whom solitude loomed as a daily problem. Radio was a source of music and fun, information and weather reports, and it was an easy way to enjoy the pleasure of other people's company. In-person visiting was a special event that often meant putting on dress clothes and serving cakes and lemonade and gathering politely in the parlor; frequently the press of chores or bad weather made that impossible. But with a radio, women could continue their housework as they listened to a friendly voice; men working in the barn had access to weather reports and farm programs. From: Stern, Jane, and Michael Stern. Two for the Road: Our Love Affair with American Food. Houghton Mifflin, 2005.The passage appears on page 103. Using the source: According to Stern and Stern, the radio offered busy farm families companionship that was easier than traditional socializing, which could be difficult or time-consuming to organize (103).

uses the source appropriately

MLA-Style In-Text Documentation Franzen, Jonathan. "David Foster Wallace." The Best American Nonrequired Reading 2009, edited by Dave Eggers, Mariner Books, 2009, pp. 167-71.

Franzen explains that details for David Foster Wallace were "a way of connecting, on relatively safe middle ground, with another human being" (167).

MLA-Style Works Cited The student is quoting from the article "Surveillance: Taking It Downtown" by Brennan David, published on March 28, 2010, in the newspaper Columbia Daily Tribune. The student accessed the article on the web on June 9, 2010.

David, Brennan. "Surveillance: Taking It Downtown." Columbia Daily Tribune, 28 Mar. 2010, www.columbiatribune.com/news/perspectives/surveillance-taking-it-downtown/article_d9197f56-2331-5d7f-9894-03efb04fe7b8.html. Accessed 9 June 2010.

Appropriate Quotation (MLA Style) Original Source: Following a rule of good manners may mean doing something you do not want to do, and the weird rhetoric of our self-indulgent age resists the idea that we have such things as obligations to others. —Stephen L. Carter

Describing a decline in the behavior of young people, Stephen L. Carter worries that "the weird rhetoric of [this] self-indulgent age resists the idea" of self-control and good manners (672).

CH. 32: When revising a draft, it's best to address smaller, more particular issues before addressing any global issues.

False

CH. 38: Choosing appropriate evidence to support your argument will depend mostly on your personal interests and preferences.

False

CH. 4: If you disagree with someone else's ideas, it's best to immediately state your own opinion and forgo any further discussion.

False

CH. 51: Signal phrases are handled the same way in both MLA and APA documentation styles.

False

Avoiding Plagiarism (MLA Style): Original source: For those who can't afford to be fussy about status or pay, there are of course plenty of jobs in America. Hundreds of thousands of immigrants crowd into the country every year to work in lawn maintenance, on construction crews, or as housecleaners, nannies, and meat packers. Even in the absence of new job creation, high turnover in the low-wage job sector guarantees a steady supply of openings to the swift and the desperate. To white-collar job seekers, these are known as "survival jobs"—something to do while waiting for a "real" job to come along. From: Ehrenreich, Barbara. Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Pursuit of the American Dream. Metropolitan Books, 2005.The passage appears on pages 202-03. Using the source: Huge numbers of immigrant workers stream into the United States each year looking for jobs in landscaping or construction, house cleaning or childcare.

Could be considered plagiarism

Avoiding Plagiarism (MLA Style): Original source: For those who can't afford to be fussy about status or pay, there are of course plenty of jobs in America. Hundreds of thousands of immigrants crowd into the country every year to work in lawn maintenance, on construction crews, or as housecleaners, nannies, and meat packers. Even in the absence of new job creation, high turnover in the low-wage job sector guarantees a steady supply of openings to the swift and the desperate. To white-collar job seekers, these are known as "survival jobs"—something to do while waiting for a "real" job to come along. From: Ehrenreich, Barbara. Bait and Switch: The (Futile) Pursuit of the American Dream. Metropolitan Books, 2005.The passage appears on pages 202-03. Using the source: According to Ehrenreich, these "survival jobs" are something to do while waiting for a real job to come along.

Could be considered plagiarism

Avoiding Plagiarism (MLA Style): Original source: Radio was a new thrill for many Americans in the twenties, but it had extraordinary value for the isolated farm families of the Midwest, for whom solitude loomed as a daily problem. Radio was a source of music and fun, information and weather reports, and it was an easy way to enjoy the pleasure of other people's company. In-person visiting was a special event that often meant putting on dress clothes and serving cakes and lemonade and gathering politely in the parlor; frequently the press of chores or bad weather made that impossible. But with a radio, women could continue their housework as they listened to a friendly voice; men working in the barn had access to weather reports and farm programs. From: Stern, Jane, and Michael Stern. Two for the Road: Our Love Affair with American Food. Houghton Mifflin, 2005.The passage appears on page 103. Using the source: After the invention of radio, Stern and Stern observe, farm women could do chores with pleasant programs in the background while men could toil in the barn, listening to farm and weather reports.

Could be considered plagiarism