English 104 Midterm

Limited Omniscience:

"Central Intelligence" limiting themselves to thoughts and perceptions of a single character.

Microcosm:

"Small World" that reflects the tensions of the larger world outside. No single statement of the theme is likely to be the only correct one. To determine we insist on finding a moral might judge the action of the characters by his or her own system of values.

Dramatic Monologue:

1st person speaker that performs

Stream of Consciousness:

Attempts to duplicate raw sensory data in same disordered state as mind receives it.

The Garden of Forking Paths- Jorge Luis Borges

Characters: Dr. Yu Tsun Captain Richard Madden Viktor Runeberg Dr. Stephen Albert Ts'ui Pen Summary: Dr. Yu Tsun is an english professor but also a spy. Living in the UK during WW1 Captain Richard Madden was present in Viktor Runeberg's apartment. Dr. Yu Tsun was a spy for the german empire who realizes that Captain Madden is pursuing him, he entered apartment of Viktor Rubeberg. He knows he is next, but he needs to tell germans location of artillery park he found. He thinks that captain Madden also might be a spy. Tsun goes on train to Ashgrove to see Dr. Stephen Albert. Along the way he reflects his ancestor Ts'ui Pen who was supposed to write an intricate novel and construct an equally vast and intricate labyrinth, but he was murdered before completion. He had completed a "Contradictory jumble of irresolute drafts" but no Labyrinth. When Tsun gets to Albert, he discovers he is a fan of his ancestor and has a personal letter from him. Albert has a theory about the unfinished book, that the book is the labyrinth. In the letter is says " I leave several futures (not at all) my garden of forking paths". He realized the garden of forking paths was the novel and the forking took place in time not space. Tsun, in awe of his ancestor, sees captain Madden approaching the house of Dr. Albert. Tsun kills Albert. Tsun is then arrested but is triumphed because they found the artillery park because of Albert's murder. Important Points: What reality are we in? All of the different dimensions going on at one time It's not about the destination but the journey.

The Garden Party- Katherine Mansfield

Characters: Laura: Young, energetic, Happy Laura's Mother: In charge of household Summary: Laura's mother is throwing a garden party. Laura is confronted by these men who tell her where to put up marquee. She mentions all the beautiful flowers that are in the garden. Her mother tells the children to do things for the party but still ends up butting in anyways. Then the house workers are talking and find out that the man down the street was found dead. Laura says that the party cannot go on because the family would hear the band playing. Her mother and her sister say she is crazy, and that they should not worry about that, and how her pretty outfit shouldn't go to waste. Once Laura sees herself in the mirror, and how pretty she looks in her hat, she agrees to have the party. After the party there is a bunch of leftovers. Laura's mother suggests she takes them down to the family of the dead man. When she is down there she is kind of forced inside and taken to see the grieving widow and the dead man's body. Laura says that he looks like he is sleeping, and that he looks happy. She feels silly in her hat and apologises. When she gets home her brother asks her how it was and she says "isn't life..." and doesn't finish, but the brother says "I know". Important Points: Wealthy vs Lower class Life and Death Were either Laura's Mother or the dead man's family mocking? Or Being mean?

A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings- Gabriel Garera Marquez

Characters: Palayo Elisenda Father Gonzaga Angel Summary: Family is throwing crabs back into the sea because they believe the smell is making their son sick. There is also storm going on. They find a homeless man with wings in their yard on the way back, curious about him they go and get their neighbor who knows about life and death. She says he is an angel impostor and to kill him. They decide not to kill him and lock him in the chicken coop instead. The next day the storm is gone and the child is no longer sick. Palayo and Elisenda now charge people to come look at the angel, and Father Gonzaga comes and says he is unsure of the beast so he is going to ask someone farther up in the church. Then a lady who is like a spider comes to town and steals attention from angel. The angel doesn't talk with people and ignores anyone who comes near. Palayo and Elisenda use money to build a new house, and allow angel to sleep in shead. As the child gets older he is allowed to hang out with angel, however they both ended up getting chicken pox. When the doctor checks them both out, he says he is unsure how angel is still alive because of barely functioning organs. Lots of time passes and the angel starts to get better and fly's away. Elisenda is relived. Important Points- Religion VS Magic Good VS evil Is he an angel or a devil that is an imposter

Why I lived at the P.O.- Eudora Weity

Characters: Sister Stella-Rondo Mr.Whitaker Daughter of Stella-Rondo Mother Uncle Rondo Pappa-Daddy Summary: On the Fourth of July, sister's life is interrupted by Stella-Rondo's return. Stella just left her husband Mr. Whitaker, who sister used to date. Stella brings her supposedly adopted daughter, but sister accuses her of being her biological child. Sister feels like stella is making the whole family hate her by telling lies. Uncle-Rondo appears in Stella's kimono, he is on excessive prescription drugs. Mother reminds sister that she too would have gotten a nice welcoming if she had left and come back. Eventually the whole family is mad at her. At six am the next morning Uncle-Rondo set off a bunch of fireworks in her room, startling her. This was her last straw and she started packing up her things, making her family more mad at her because she was taking things that she helped pay for- and the family used to move to the P.O. The family says they will refuse to use the P.O. and this complicates things because now Stella can't contact Mr.Whiticar. The town kind of take sides. Important Points- First Person Point of View- from sister Sounds like telling a story to someone, almost answering a question. Love Triangle

Sonny's Blues- James Baldwin

Characters: Unnamed Narrator Sonny Summary: Unnamed narrator discovers from the paper that his younger brother Sonny has been arrested for selling/using heroine. As narrator is about to teach his algebra class, he remembers young Sonny. Then leaving the school he sees one of Sonny's old friends who approaches him to talk about Sonny. Narrator hates and takes pity on friend because he is always high, but he says how difficult life will be for Sonny after he gets out. Narrator never writes Sonny until his daughter dies, then they stay in constant communication. He picks him up from jail and brings him back home. *Extended Flashback* narrator talks about how Sonny and his father would fight all the time because they were similar. Mother before she died told narrator to watch out for Sonny, and how his own father watched his brother get run over by uncaring white guys and he never recovered from that. Narrator leaves for the army and mother dies. At the funeral narrator and Sonny talk about Sonny's future and he mentions how he wants to be a jazz musician. Narrator makes him promise to finish school first and he reluctantly agrees. Sonny then lives with narrator's family, while narrator is away, and spends all free time on piano. Stops going to school and when the in-laws find out they get in huge fight. *Flashback ends* Sonny is living with narrator and family. Watched street corner revival occurring outside of window and debates significance. Sonny invites narrator to watch him play at the jazz club tonight. Everyone at the club respects sonny. Narrator watches Sonny play and realizes all of his struggles come out in his music. Narrator sees who brother really is. Important Points- Racism and Hardships of Harlem Dark and Light- Mostly dark Overcoming obstacles Storytelling as a way to escape life- uses music for this Sonny's Story told from an outsider and we don't really hear about the Narrator's life.

The Birthmark- Nathaniel Hawthorne Characters:

Characters: Georgina: Beautiful, hand birthmark on her face. Aylmer: Scientist, intelligent, makes potions Ahninadab: Supporting character Summary: Aylmer wants to make wife perfect, and the birthmark on her face ruins her. Georgina is hurt by him not liking her. She agrees to let him scientifically test on her to get it to disappear. While Aylmer is busy working she reads his journal, to find he is a mostly failed scientist. But as the story continues, she becomes more obsessed with the birthmark than him. Aylmer has finally made a potion that will take away her imperfection. He shows her with a flower that it works, but the flower dies. She trusts him anyway and takes the potion, and she ends up dying. Important points: Transcendentalism Flower dying is foreshadowing Destroys purity and naturalness with potions Man VS Nature, he mentions how she was made by god Choosing superficial beauty over natural beauty

STORY#1 Barbie-Q-Sandra Cisneros Characters: -Identify the narrator of Barbie-Q: -What is the narrator playing in the story: -What is the complication that shakes up the the stable situation in the story? -Which of the following events help compromise the rising action of the story? -Identify the climax of the story, which begins the falling action: -Which type of ending does Barbie-Q have? -Which type of plot involves longer periods of time and transitions between scenes? -Which of the following describes the flashback in literature? When a plot moves back and forth through time Foreshadowing hints at.... What is to take place later in a story so that events fit together in some larger pattern. In media res refers to stories that... begin in the middle of things.

Characters: Unnamed narrator, older sister Identify the narrator of Barbie-Q: Unnamed narrator What is the narrator playing in the story: Barbies What is the complication that shakes up the the stable situation in the story? Next sunday they find two more barbies at the flea market. Which of the following events help compromise the rising action of the story? They find two barbies at the flea market, they beg parents to say okay, and they spot more and more barbies at the flea market. Identify the climax of the story, which begins the falling action: They realize a toy warehouse has burned down, resulting in a barbie "Fire Sale" Which type of ending does Barbie-Q have? Closed Denouement Which type of plot involves longer periods of time and transitions between scenes? Episodic Plots Which of the following describes the flashback in literature? When a plot moves back and forth through time Foreshadowing hints at.... What is to take place later in a story so that events fit together in some larger pattern. In media res refers to stories that... begin in the middle of things.

Static/Dynamic:

Depending on degree of which they change in the course of the story.

Local Color Fiction:

Depends heavily on the unique characteristics of a particular area, usually rural that is off the beaten path.

3rd person:

Employs a non-participant narrator, moves from place to place to describe action and report dialog.

Stock Characters:

Flat minor characters in stories, they advance the plot but not deserving of super detailed description.

Milieu:

General settings of a story; its sense of 'times' and how characters interact with events and social currents going on in larger world.

Editorial Point of View:

God like author to comment directly on action.

Foreshadowing:

Hints at what is to take place later, so that the events of a story do not seem to be arbitrarily assembled.

OLD MAN EN.WINGS QUIZ Identify the author of a very old man with enormous wings: What is the complication that shakes up the stable situation in the story? Identify the climax of the story, which begins the falling action. Which type of ending does a very old man with enormous wings have? Which unusual point of view is used in a very old man with enormous wings? Microcosm refers to... The locale or time setting of a very old man with enormous wings is best described as by the following term: Pelayo and Elisenda are examples of what type of character? Theme in fiction refers to

Identify the author of a very old man with enormous wings: Gabriel Garcia Marquez. What is the complication that shakes up the stable situation in the story? Pelayo finds a very old man with enormous wings in his courtyard. Identify the climax of the story, which begins the falling action. The very old man with enormous wings grows new feathers and flies away. Which type of ending does a very old man with enormous wings have? Closed Which unusual point of view is used in a very old man with enormous wings? Third-person, when a nonparticipant or voice of authority describes the action and dialogue of the story. Microcosm refers to... a "small world" that reflects the tensions of the larger world outside. The locale or time setting of a very old man with enormous wings is best described as by the following term: Magic Realism: areas cut off from the contemporary world, places where past and present, natural and supernatural, seamlessly join. Pelayo and Elisenda are examples of what type of character? Flat, Dynamic. Theme in fiction refers to the overall Meaning the reader derives from the story. Short Answer.

Garden of forking paths (QUIZ) Identify the author of the garden of forking paths? What is the complication that shakes up the stable situation in the story? Identify the Climax of the story, which begins the falling action? Which type of ending does the garden of forking paths have? Which of the following describes the setting, the time and place of a story, of Dr. Yu Tsun's portion of the story? Which point of view is used in Dr. Yu Tsun's sections of the garden of forking paths? Style in fiction refers to... Tone in a story refers to... Which of the following best describes the style of the garden of forking paths? Who dies in the action of the story?

Identify the author of the garden of forking paths? Jorge Luis Borges What is the complication that shakes up the stable situation in the story? It becomes clear that Capitan Richard Madden is in Viktor Runeberg's apartment. Identify the Climax of the story, which begins the falling action? Dr. Yu Tsun shoots sinologist Stephen Albert. Which type of ending does the garden of forking paths have? Closed Which of the following describes the setting, the time and place of a story, of Dr. Yu Tsun's portion of the story? 1916 in England Which point of view is used in Dr. Yu Tsun's sections of the garden of forking paths? First-person, when the narrator is a participant in the action of the story. Style in fiction refers to...the characterization of language in a particular story and to the same characteristics in a writer's complete works. Tone in a story refers to... what readers can indirectly determine about the author's own feelings about its events. Which of the following best describes the style of the garden of forking paths? Formal diction often found in academic writing and formal statements like confessions. Who dies in the action of the story? Stephen Albert

The Garden Party (QUIZ) Identify the author of the garden party: What is the complication that shakes up the stable situation in the story? Identify the climax of the story, which begins the falling action. Which type of ending does the garden party have? Which of the following best describes the atmosphere, the emotional aura surrounding a certain setting, of the lane below the garden party? Point of View in fiction refers to.... First-person narration is... Third-person narration is... Which of the following types of point of view best describes the unique narration of the garden party? Who dies in the story?

Identify the author of the garden party: Katherine Mansfield What is the complication that shakes up the stable situation in the story? Laura learns that man who lives in the lane below the sheridan estate is tragically killed. Identify the climax of the story, which begins the falling action. Laura Views Mr. Scott's Body. Which type of ending does the garden party have? Open. Which of the following best describes the atmosphere, the emotional aura surrounding a certain setting, of the lane below the garden party? Close, Dark, Destitute. Point of View in fiction refers to.... Who narrates the story. First-person narration is... when the narrator is a participant in the action of the story. Third-person narration is... When a nonparticipant or voice of authority describes the action and dialogue of the story. Which of the following types of point of view best describes the unique narration of the garden party? Limited omniscience combined with editorial point of view. Who dies in the story? Mr.Scott

PO quiz Identify the immediate members of sisters family? What is the complication that shakes up the stable situation in the story? Identify the climax of the story, which begins the falling action? Which type of ending does why I live at the P.O. have? Which of the following describes the setting, the time and place of a story, of why I live at the P.O.? Which unusual point of view is used in why I live at the P.O.? Character Motivation: What is sister's motivation for moving into the P.O.? What type of character is Sister? A stock characters are...

Identify the immediate members of sisters family? Stella-Rondo, Mama, Papa-Daddy, Uncle Rondo. What is the complication that shakes up the stable situation in the story? Stella-Rondo comes back home after leaving separating from her husband, Mr. Whitaker. Identify the climax of the story, which begins the falling action? Sister decides to move into the china grove post office. Which type of ending does why I live at the P.O. have? Closed Which of the following describes the setting, the time and place of a story, of why I live at the P.O.? Early 1940s in the segregated South. Which unusual point of view is used in why I live at the P.O.? Second-person, when a nonparticipant or voice of authority describes the action and dialogue of the story. Character Motivation: What is sister's motivation for moving into the P.O.? jealousy What type of character is Sister? Round, static, heroic. A stock characters are... Based on stereotypes who may be necessary to advance the plot but otherwise have the barest outlines of description. Short answer

Barbie Q Quiz Identify the narrator of Barbie-Q: What is the narrator playing in the story: What is the complication that shakes up the the stable situation in the story? Which of the following events help compromise the rising action of the story? Identify the climax of the story, which begins the falling action: Which type of ending does Barbie-Q have? Which type of plot involves longer periods of time and transitions between scenes? Which of the following describes the flashback in literature? Foreshadowing hints at.... In media res refers to stories that...

Identify the narrator of Barbie-Q: Unnamed narrator What is the narrator playing in the story: Barbies What is the complication that shakes up the the stable situation in the story? Next sunday they find two more barbies at the flea market. Which of the following events help compromise the rising action of the story? They find two barbies at the flea market, they beg parents to say okay, and they spot more and more barbies at the flea market. Identify the climax of the story, which begins the falling action: They realize a toy warehouse has burned down, resulting in a barbie "Fire Sale" Which type of ending does Barbie-Q have? Closed Denouement Which type of plot involves longer periods of time and transitions between scenes? Episodic Plots Which of the following describes the flashback in literature? When a plot moves back and forth through time Foreshadowing hints at.... What is to take place later in a story so that events fit together in some larger pattern. In media res refers to stories that... begin in the middle of things.

****Unreliable Narrator:

Impaired, ignorance

Tone:

Indirectly determine about author's own feelings about its events.

Omniscient Narrator:

Knows everything about characters and their lives.

Open ending:

Leaves loose ends.

Protagonist:

Main character or 'misleading' classification of hero.

Peripeteia:

Moment of crisis, resolution seems plausible but then goes away.

Flashbacks:

Move backward to provide additional information. Also provide level of irony compared to chronological accounts.

1st Person:

Narrator is a participant in action

Dramatic Point of View:

Narrator simply reports dialogue and action with minimal interpretation and no delving into characters mind.

Antihero:

Occupies center stage, but incapable of fitting the traditional heroic mold.

Antagonist:

Opposing character (with whom the protagonist is drawn into conflict with).

Theme:

Overall meaning the reader derives from the story.

The birthmark quiz Quiz 2 Identify all of the named characters in the birthmark: What is the complication that shakes up the stable situation in the story? Identify the climax of the story, which begins the falling action: Which type of ending does the birthmark have? Which of the following best describes the atmosphere, the emotional aura surrounding a certain setting, of Alymer's scientific lab? Which of the following describes the setting, the time and place of a story, of the Birthmark? Local color fiction refers to... Magic realism refers to stories... Which of the following best describes the milieu, the sense of the "times" and how its characters interact with events and social currents going on in the larger world of the story? . Who dies in the story?

Quiz 2 Identify all of the named characters in the birthmark: Georgiana, Aylmer, and Aminadab. What is the complication that shakes up the stable situation in the story? Aylmer's growing obsession with georgiana's birthmark. Identify the climax of the story, which begins the falling action: the birthmark begins to disappear. Which type of ending does the birthmark have? Closed Which of the following best describes the atmosphere, the emotional aura surrounding a certain setting, of Alymer's scientific lab? Open, Light, Airy Which of the following describes the setting, the time and place of a story, of the Birthmark? The latter part of the last century (e.g. late 1700s) in a vaguely European Local. Local color fiction refers to...an author's use of unique characteristics of a particular area, usually rural one off the beaten path. Magic realism refers to stories...set in areas cut off from the contemporary world, where past and present, natural and supernatural, seamlessly join. Which of the following best describes the milieu, the sense of the "times" and how its characters interact with events and social currents going on in the larger world of the story? The days when the comparatively recent discovery of electricity and other kindred mysteries of Nature seemed to open paths into the region of miracle. Who dies in the story? Georgina

*****Character Development: Character motivation:

Rationale the reader is given for a character's action. Interior monologue: Method of narration that is somewhat like a soliloquy.

Causality:

Refers to how a story's events are linked by partners of cause and effect.

Naturalism:

Scientific approaches of charles darwin and cesare lombroso to fictional characters, resulting in a deterministic view of human destiny as largely shaped by forces of heredity and environment that are beyond the individual's control.

Regionalism:

Setting most of their work in one particular area or country.

Setting:

Simply the time and place of a story, and in most cases the details of description are given to the reader directly by narrator.

Minimalism:

Starkness (def: Utter, sheer, complete)

Atmosphere:

The emotional aura surrounding a certain setting, is more important than the actual location.

Locale:

Time setting

Archetypes:

Universal types of characters and situations that all humans carry in unconscious mind.

Historical Fiction:

Usually requires great attention to different landscapes and customs of bygone areas.

Narrator:

Voice or character that provides the reader with info about insight.

Foreshadowing hints at....

What is to take place later in a story so that events fit together in some larger pattern.

Which of the following describes the flashback in literature?

When a plot moves back and forth through time

Unified Plots:

action is continuous and it takes place in carefully limited locale. Short time frame

In media res refers to stories that...

begin in the middle of things.

Round Characters -

does change. Depends on depth of detail the writer lavishes on them.

****Flat Characters/ Flat -

doesn't change

Exposition:

essential information. Who, what, where, when, how.

Closed Ending:

explains all questions, ends neatly.

Episodic plots:

form that obligates writer to make transitions between scenes. Longer time frame.

Style:

in fiction, refers equally to the characteristics of language in a particular story and to the same characteristics in a writer's complete work.