Environmental Science Unit 6 Climate and Biodiversity

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Taiga

Con-bearing trees.

Deciduous

Term describing a tree that sheds its leaves seasonally.

Latitude

The distance north or south of the equator, as measured in degrees.

Desert

The fragility is indicated by long recovery time from disturbance.

Precipitation and Temperature

The main factor that determines what type of plants grow in a biome.

Mountains

The majority of the world's forests are located here.

Taiga

A forest biome dominated by coniferous trees, such as pine, fir, and spruce.

Tropical Rainforest

A forest that is known for its year-round uniformly warm temperature.

Savanna

A tropical grassland with widely scattered clumps of trees

Temperate Climate

Areas of the earth lying between the equatorial region and the two poles.

Tropical Rainforests

At least half of the known species of terrestrial plants and animals are found here.

Rain Forest

Biome that supports the most diversity of live on Earth.

Climate

Both describes weather conditions over long periods of time, and describes average patters of weather.

Microclimates

Can be produced by mountains, bodies of water, and cities.

Surface-Level ocean currents

Caused by prevailing winds blowing over the ocean surface

Convection Cells

Exist on the earth's surface primarily because: 1. water evaporates from the ocean 2. warm, moist air rises 3. the warm air cools and condenses 4. cool, dry air sinks and moves across the earth's surface

Rain

Frequently results whenever warm, moist air rises.

Coniferous Forests

Generally located in the Northern Hemisphere.

Vertical Ocean Currents

Generated by cold and dense ocean water sinking and warm and less-dense water rising.

Tundra

Has a layer of soil that is permanently frozen beneath the top soil.

Precipitation

In deciduous forests, this is best described as occurring throughout the year.

Overgrazing

Is most severe in grassland ecosystems.

Biomes

Large terrestrial regions with similar climate, soil, plants, and animals.

Chaparral

Located primarily in coastal areas that have Mediterranean-style climates with warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters.

Temperate Deciduous Forest

Oak, hickory, maple, poplar, and beech are typical tree species.

Deserts

Often formed on the dry side of mountain ranges.

Spines

Plants in desert biomes may have these as a defense against being eaten by animals.

Succulents

Plants that store water in their tissues.

Deforestation

Process of forest destruction around the world because of humans.

Rainfall

This is the most significant limiting factor for grasslands.

Rain shadow effect

This refers to drier conditions on the leeward side of mountain ranges.

Tropical Rain Forests

Threatened by deforestation and the trade of rain forest plants and animals.

Conifer

Tree that produces cones.

Broadleaf Evergreen Plants

Trees of wet tropical rain forests.

Biomes

Usually described by their vegetation.

Chapparral Plants

Usually survive fires because they can resprout from small amounts of surviving plant tissue.

Savanna

You would likely see large herds of grazing animals, such as rhinos, gazelles, and giraffes.


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