ES 346 Questions from Quizzes

The average Q angle for males is...

15 degrees or less

As the elbow flexes past ________ degrees there is an increase in side to side laxity.

20

The ACL elongates roughly __________ at __________ degrees of _____________.

7%, 90, flexion

The wrist provides ___________ degrees of flexion.

70-90

If the rhomboids concentrically contract, what scapular motion will occur?

Adduction, downward rotation, and elevation??

Flexor carpi radialis also causes _____________ because of its origin on the medial epicondyle of the humerus.

Causes: Flexion of wrist Abduction of wrist Weak flexion of elbow Weak pronation of forearm

Which of the following is not a function of the flexor carpi radialis muscle?

Flexion of wrist Abduction of wrist Weak flexion of elbow Weak pronation of forearm

An example of a trochoidal joint*

Is a pivot screw joint Ulna and radius

Which of the following is not used during scapular elevation?

Levator scapula Upper trapezius Middle trapezius Rhomboid

What muscles work together to cause upward rotation of the scapula?

Middle trapezius Lower trapezius Serratus anterior

An efficient gait...

Minimal side-to-side motion Maximal forward motion Body rises and falls approx. 5 cm

From an upward rotational position, the following muscles are used for downward rotation:

Pectoralis minor Rhomboid

The glenohumeral joint is often injured because:

Shallowness of glenoid fossa Laxity of ligamentous structures Lack of strength and endurance in muscles

Which of the following is not one of the articulations of the knee?

Tibiofemoral (ginglymus joint) Pattelofemoral (arthrodial due to the sliding of the patella on the condyles) Tibiofibular

Which of the following is not true of antagonist muscles?*

What is true: located on opposite side of joint from agonist, have opposite concentric action, contralateral, work in cooperation with agonsits by relaxing and allowing movement, when contracting concentrically, they perform the joint motion opposite to that of the agonist

Internal rotation of the shoulder joint is paired with...

abduction/protraction

Which of the following is not an accessory motion?

accessory motions are: roll, spin and glide

Lowering your arm from a raised position to the side or back to the anatomical position would be:

adduction

Muscles which cause or control joint motion through a specified plan of motion are known as ________ muscles.

agonists

Which of the following is not a wrist extensor?

agonists: Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi ulnaris

Which of the following muscles is not an agonist of glenohumeral adduction?

agonists: Latissimus dorsi Teres major Lower pectoralis major

Which of the following is not an agonist for radioulnar pronation?

agonists: Pronator teres Pronator quadratus Brachioradialis

Which of the following is not an agonist during glenohumeral extension?

agonists: Teres major Latissimus dorsi Lower pectoralis major

Slightly movable joints are classified as:

amphiarthrodial

Synchondrosis is an example of a _____________ and an example would be the ____________.

amphiarthrodial joint; chostochondral and ribs with sternum

The frontal plane divides the body into

anterior and posterior

What is the most commonly injured ligament from an ankle sprain?

anterior tabofibular

In a closed chain exercise with the knee, the ACL resists __________ translation of the ___________.

anterior; tibia??

The thoracic spine curves __________, while the lumbar spine curves __________.

anteriorly; posteriorly

As gait speed increases...

arm swing, stride length, less up and down motion, cadence (steps per minute)

Synergist muscles are

assist in the action of the agonist and refined movement/guiding muscles/helping synergists have an action in common but also have antagonistic actions to each other

An enarthodial joint is also known as:*

ball-and-socket joint aka hip and shoulder

The deltoid is an agonist in which of the following...

basically everything except for scapula stuff. flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation external rotation middle fibers only job is abduction

Inferolateral refers to:

below and to the outside

Which of the following is not an elbow flexor?

biceps brachii brachioradialis brachialis pronator teres

Elbow extension is controlled during the return to the starting position phase of the lat pull by the ________ contracting ________.

biceps brachii; eccentrically

Which of the following is an example of an open chain exercise?*

biceps curl, knee extension, seated hip flexion

The atlantooccipital/craniovertbral joint allows for which of the following movements:*

capital flexion, extension, and very slight lateral flexion

Most spinal cord movement occurs in the:

cervical and lumbar regions

A calf raise is an example of

closed kinetic chain

Scapular winging is most often caused by*

damage to nerves??

Which of the following is not a function of the biceps brachii?*

diagonal adduction, elbow flexion, supination of forearm, weak flexion of shoulder

All freely movable joints are classified as:

diarthrodial; synovial

The tibialis anterior causes what motion

dorsiflexion

A concentric contraction of the peroneus longus muscle will cause

dorsiflexion, eversion??

The lowering phase in a dead lift is controlled by:*

eccentric activity of hamstrings, hip extensors

In addition to pronation, the pronator teres muscle also assists with __________.

elbow flexion

The sagittal axis would include what motion*

elbow flexion, hip flexion, knee flexion, and vise versa (extension) sit ups, curls

Which of the following would be classified as a hinge joint?

elbow, knee

Shoulder joint flexion is paired with...

elevation or upward rotation

The shoulder joint is classified as a(n) ___________ joint.

enarthrodial/ball and socket/synovial

When the hand moves away from the shoulder, what movement is occurring at the elbow?

extension

The psoas muscle...

external rotation of the thigh

In an open kinetic chain movement of the knee, the tibia will rotate ________ during extension.*

externally

Motion occurs primarily between the distal radius and the distal carpal row.

false

The inferior glenohumeral ligament is tight at rest to provide stability to the glenohumeral joint.

false

The lateral meniscus is larger than the medial meniscus because it handles a larger percent of the mechanical load.

false

The lateral meniscus is larger than the medial meniscus.

false

The long head and lateral head of the triceps brachii muscle have the same origin and insertion.

false

The semimembranosus assists with external rotation of the knee because its insertion is on the posterolateral side of the tibia.*

false

The soleus is a biarticular muscle.

false

The swing phase during the gait cycle is the high energy phase.

false

The transversus abdominis muscle assists in force inspiration.

false

The action common to ALL of the hamstring muscles is:

flexion of the knee

The __________ phase is used to bring about negative acceleration in a limb after the release of a sport object during a ballistic skill.

follow-through

The ___________ plane divides the body into front and back halves.

frontal

Which of the following is not a function of the biceps femoris?

functions: flexion of the knee extension of the hip posterior pelvic rotation external rotation of knee internal rotation of knee

which of the following is not a function of the popliteus muscle:*

functions: flexion of the knee internal rotation of the knee as it flexes

Which of the following is not a function of the rectus abdominis?

functions: lumbar flexion posterior pelvic rotation right side: weak lateral flexion left side: weak lateral flexion

Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system?

functions: support, movement, protection, production of blood cells, storage of minerals, and endocrine regulation

The elbow is considered...

ginglymus joint or hinge joint

The latissimus dorsi plays a role in all of the following motions for the glenohumeral joint except...

has a role in: extension, adduction, horizontal abduction, internal rotation

the anterior fibers of the deltoid are also agonists in glenohumeral _____________ and the posterior fibers are agonists in glenohumeral ___________.

horizontal adduction; horizontal abduction

The origin of the rectus femoris is on the:*

iliac spine of hip bone

A sit up would be an example of an exercise that would occur...

in the sagittal plane

During a closed kinetic chain exercise, the femur will rotate ___________ on the stable tibia.

internally

All of the hamstring muscles originate on the:

ischial tuberosity

Sagittal plane splits the body into

left and right halves

Which of the following is a function of the external oblique abdominal muscle?

lumbar flexion posterior pelvic rotation lumbar lateral flexion rotation lateral pelvic rotation

Someone in a prone position would be described as:

lying on stomach; face-downward

The tibia is ________ to the fibula.

medial

The ulnar collateral ligament is crucial for providing ___________ support.

medial

Which of the following is not a phase of the weight bearing portion of the gait cycle?

phases are: heel strike - loading response - midstance - terminal stance - preswing

In an open chain knee exercise, the PCL will resist _____________ translation of the _____________.*

posterior; tibia??

The ________ phase is often referred to as the cocking phase and is considered the most important phase for successful skill performance.

preparatory

Which of the following is not a primary hip flexor?*

primary hip flexors: Iliopsoas Pectineus Rectus femoris Sartorius Adductor Brevis (weak)

Draws the medial border of the scapula away from the vertebrae

protaction; abduction

An example of an upper body closed kinetic chain activity is the ___________.*

push up, pull up

Which of the following muscles will assist to increase thoracic volume:

scalene

The pectoralis minor inserts on the _______.

scapula

The extensor digitorum muscle causes extension of the ______________, ____________, and _____________ metacarpopha langeal joints.

second, third, fourth and fifth

The patella is classified as...

sesamoid bone

Which of the following is not a muscle of the shoulder girdle?

shoulder girdle muscles (5): trapezius: upper, middle, and lower rhomboid levator scapulae serratus anterior pectoralis minor

Which of the following exercise would have a frontal axis?*

sit ups, bicep curl

The correct order of skill analysis phases is:

stance, preparatory, movement, follow-through, recovery

The clavicle joins the scapula at the _________ joint.

sternoclavicular joint

The humerus articulation with the glenoid fossa is deepened and stabilized further by the...

subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus

The transverse place splits the body into

superior and inferior halves

The rotator cuff is composed of the subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and the ____________.

teres minor

The quadriceps muscles ultimately insert on the ___________.

tibial tuberosity

The gastrocnemius and soleus make up the __________.*

triceps surae

A neutralizer muscle counteracts the action of another muscle to prevent undesirable movements.

true

Active insufficiency is reached when the muscle becomes shortened to the point that it cannot generate or maintain active tension.

true

C1 and C2 vertebrae are also known as the atlas and axis.

true

Excessive lateral flexion of the trunk can result in compression of the intervertebral disks.

true

In anatomical position, the carrying angle of the forearm in relation to the arm is between 5-15 degrees.

true

Most common ankle sprains are from excessive eversion.

true

The anterior fibers of the deltoid are assist in glenohumeral internal rotation and the posterior fibers assist in glenohumeral external rotation.

true

The clavicles articulation with the sternum is the only link to the axial skeleton.

true

The infraspinatus muscle plays a critical role in stabilization of the humeral head in the glenoid fossa.

true

The radioulnar joint is a trochoid joint that is held in place by the annular ligament.

true

The ulna does participate in movements of the wrist.

true

Ulnar deviation is also known as adduction of the wrist.

true

Wrist abductors cross the wrist joint anteromedially and posteromadially.

true

Wrist adductors cross the wrist joint and insert on the ulnar side of the hand.

true

Force couples occur...*

two or more forces are pulling in different directions on an object, causing the object to rotate about its axis

A ________ muscle cross and act on only the joint they cross.

uniarticular

Which of the following is not a biarticular muscle?*

uniarticular: soleus medial and lateral head of triceps (long head is biarticular) supinator gluteals vastus group popliteus

Horizontal abduction of the glenohumeral joint is associated with _________ shoulder girdle action.*

upward rotation

Which of the following describes anterior tilt of the scapula*

upward tilt--occurs during glenohumeral hyperextension