Evolution- chapter 5 assesment
What is speciation?
Speciation is the formation of new species as a result of evolution. For example whales were thought to once be four-legged animals who walked in land. In evolution they adapted to the environment of the water. The new species created was the whale.
Explain how animals that live in very different climates can have a common ancestor.
Animals that live in very different environments can definitely have a common ancestor. This can happen because of evolution. One species could adapt to the environment they are in so that it is better suited to that environment. Over time this original species could have branched off into many other species. Similarities in bone structure could suggest that organisms once had a common ancestor but eventually required different functions of the original structure.
How did Darwin explain the differences between the various beaks of finches on the Galapagos Islands?
Darwin explained he differences between the various beaks of the finches by saying they had adapted from one finch to different types based on the way they got food on the different islands of the Galapagos. Each different finch had a beak suited to is environment making the beak an advantageous trait to the finch.
How can destruction of and environment affect evolution?
Destruction of an environment can affect evolution by killing off a branch of an original species that depended on that environment for food, water, and shelter as well as other things.
How is extinction related to environment?
Extinction is related to environment sometimes because if an organism lacks its environment, it might suffer first by becoming endangered, then extinct because it doesn't have elements within its environment.
How are food supply and population connected?
Food supply and population are connected very closely. Food supply supports the population of organisms. Food supply increases at a steady rate while population grows more rapidly. The population grows at an exponential rate. The food supply is a limiting factor meaning there is only enough food for a certain number.
What evidence do we have that shows organisms have evolved?
Fossils and the fossil record are evidence we have about how organisms have evolved. Fossils show remains of organisms or other physical evidence. The fossil record is a sequence of life created by all of the fossils in the different layers of Earth's crust. Fossils are most commonly found in sedimentary rock. This evidence shows how species have changed over time or evolved.
How is genetics related to evolution?
Genetics play a big part in evolution. Variation among a species occurs with differences in the genes of an organism. When the genes are passed from the parents to the offspring in sexual reproduction variation occurs. Variations and changes eventually lead to evolution.
What is the fossil record and how does it support evolution?
The fossil record is a sequence of once-living organisms found as fossils in different layers of Earth's crust. The fossil record is made up of all of the fossils ever found. The fossil record supports evolution by showing the changes in different species over time.
What are the four stages of natural selection?
The four stages of natural selection are overproduction, inherited variation, struggle to survive, and successful reproduction.
Give three examples of natural selection
Three examples of natural selection are adaptation to hunting (male elephants-no tusks), insecticide resistance (bugs-insect repellent), and competition for mates (birds-colorful feathers)
