EX 15 Review Sheet

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease in which motor neurons are progressively destroyed. Excess levels of the neurotransmitter glutamate have been implicated in this process. Which type of neuroglia would play a role in controlling glutamate levels in the chemical environment of neurons?

Astrocytes

Peripheral neuropathy has a variety of causes. Worldwide, the most common cause is leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease. Would you expect peripheral neuropathy to cause damage to tracts or to nerves? Why?

Nerves are damaged in the periphery as a result of a bacterial infection.

forms the myelin sheath in the PNS

Schwann cells

controls the chemical environment around neurons in the CNS

astrocytes

implies generator and transmitter

axon

region of the cell body from which the axon originates

axon hillock

secretes neurotransmitters

axon terminal

site of the nucleus and the most important metabolic area

cell body

receptive regions of a neuron (2 terms)

cell body, dendrite

essentially rough endoplasmic reticulum, important metabolically

chromatophilic substance

lines CSF-filled cavities

ependymal cells

act as a phagocyte in the CNS

microglia

insulate the nerve fibers

myelin sheath

forms the myelin sheath in the CNS

oligodendrocytes

surrounds the cell body of a neuron found in the PNS

satellite cells