Ex. 51: Breathing and Respiratory Volumes

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vital capacity

The ______ us the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after taking the deepest breath possible

external oblique

The size of the thoracic cavity is increased by contractions of all of the following muscles except the a. diaphragm b. external intercostals c. pectoralis minor d. external oblique

500 mL

Tidal volume is estimated to be about

true

True/False. The contraction of the diaphragm increases the size of the thoracic cavity

false

True/False. Vital capacity is the total of tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume.

true

Vital capacities gradually decrease as a person continues to age.

obstructive, restrictive

What are the 2 types of respiratory diseases?

expiration

aided by contractions of the internal intercostals, rectus abdominis, external oblique

spirometer

instrument that measures respiratory volumes

obstructive

makes it more difficult to expire. ex. emphysema

restrictive

makes it more difficult to inspire. ex. cystic fibrosis

inspiratory capacity

the maximum volume of air a person can inhale following exhalation of the tidal volume

vital capacity

the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after taking the deepest breath possible

anatomic dead space

the space in the respiratory tract that is not involved in gas exchange; about 150 mL

inspiratory reserve volume

the volume of air in addition to the tidal volume that enters the lungs during forced inspiration

expiratory reserve volume

the volume of air in addition to the tidal volume that leaves the lungs during forced respiration

residual volume

the volume of air that always remains in the lungs after the most forceful expiration

resting tidal volume

the volume of air that enter or leaves the lungs during normal, quiet breathing

tidal volume

the volume of air that enters or leaves the lungs during a respiratory cycle

functional residual capacity

the volume of air that remains in the lungs following exhalation of the tidal volume

total lung capacity

vital capacity plus residual volume

inspiration

when the size of the thoracic cavity is increased by contractions of the diaphragm, external intercostals, internal intercostals, pectoralis minor, sternocleidomastoid, scalenes

spirometer

A _______ is an instrument to measure air volumes during breathing.

12-15

A normal resting breathing rate is about _________ breaths per minute.


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