Ex. 51: Breathing and Respiratory Volumes
vital capacity
The ______ us the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after taking the deepest breath possible
external oblique
The size of the thoracic cavity is increased by contractions of all of the following muscles except the a. diaphragm b. external intercostals c. pectoralis minor d. external oblique
500 mL
Tidal volume is estimated to be about
true
True/False. The contraction of the diaphragm increases the size of the thoracic cavity
false
True/False. Vital capacity is the total of tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume.
true
Vital capacities gradually decrease as a person continues to age.
obstructive, restrictive
What are the 2 types of respiratory diseases?
expiration
aided by contractions of the internal intercostals, rectus abdominis, external oblique
spirometer
instrument that measures respiratory volumes
obstructive
makes it more difficult to expire. ex. emphysema
restrictive
makes it more difficult to inspire. ex. cystic fibrosis
inspiratory capacity
the maximum volume of air a person can inhale following exhalation of the tidal volume
vital capacity
the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after taking the deepest breath possible
anatomic dead space
the space in the respiratory tract that is not involved in gas exchange; about 150 mL
inspiratory reserve volume
the volume of air in addition to the tidal volume that enters the lungs during forced inspiration
expiratory reserve volume
the volume of air in addition to the tidal volume that leaves the lungs during forced respiration
residual volume
the volume of air that always remains in the lungs after the most forceful expiration
resting tidal volume
the volume of air that enter or leaves the lungs during normal, quiet breathing
tidal volume
the volume of air that enters or leaves the lungs during a respiratory cycle
functional residual capacity
the volume of air that remains in the lungs following exhalation of the tidal volume
total lung capacity
vital capacity plus residual volume
inspiration
when the size of the thoracic cavity is increased by contractions of the diaphragm, external intercostals, internal intercostals, pectoralis minor, sternocleidomastoid, scalenes
spirometer
A _______ is an instrument to measure air volumes during breathing.
12-15
A normal resting breathing rate is about _________ breaths per minute.
