Exam 1
Bo Diddley is known for his use of the distinctive rhythm pattern called the ____________. This rhythm can be traced back to the "hambone" beats and the "ring shouts" of slavery.
"Bo Diddley Beat"
Bill Haley and His Comets gained national attention with __________, a #1 Rock and Roll recording featured in the movie, Blackboard Jungle.
"Rock Around the Clock"
Phil Spector's large list of Los Angeles studio musicians, which he used to back his artists, became known as ___________.
"The Wrecking Crew"
Phil Spector invented the role of the modern producer. Spector's __________ featured the use of many instruments. Spector called his grand pop records "Little symphonies for kids".
"Wall of Sound"
The four white disc jockeys of Nashville's WLAC were known as __________.
50,000 Watt Quartet
Rock and Roll can be identified by what style characteristics?
A driving heavy backbeat, a boogie bass line, lyrics about youth culture (cars, sex, romance, rebellion)
Girl groups were about __________ rather than an individual voice or image and were linked to a producer who often projected HIS vision rather than the group's vision.
A sound and style
The Brill building housed __________ Publishing, the symbol for popular music in New York.
Aldon Music
The engine of the teen idol machine was the Philadelphia television show (later to become national) ______________, hosted by Dick Clark.
American Band Stand
Lionel Hampton was a popular artist in what style of dance music popular in the 1930s and 40s?
Big Band Swing
__________ was the Kansas City blues shouter who sang on the recording "Roll 'em Pete".
Big Joe Turner
was the "Father of Bluegrass."
Bill Monroe
Rock and Roll draws from what styles of music?
Bluegrass, Country Swing, Delta Blues, Classic Blues, Boogie Woogie, Big Band Swing and Gospel
"Of whom is your text referring to: _____(who)_____, the most primitive of the early black rock and rollers, built his hits on blues and folk materials from backcountry Mississippi and on the Latin-like ""hambone"" beat."
Bo Diddley
The most successful teen idol was _________.
Bobby Vinton
Pete Johnson was the __________ pianist who recorded "Roll 'em Pete" with Big Joe Turner.
Boogie Woogie
__________ was the quiet genius of the Beach Boys who was influenced by Phil Spector's "Wall of Sound".
Brian Wilson
What tragic event that happened on February 3, 1959 is considered a turning point for R&R?
Buddy Holly
__________ was the last of the 50's rock and roll giants. He pointed the music toward the first rock band, popularized the Fender Stratocaster and was the first major white rock and roll artist to write/produce his own music.
Buddy Holly
__________ was known as the king of Rockabilly. Throughout his career, he stayed true to his style.
Carl Perkins
Chess Records is located in the city of __________.
Chicago
Popular artist __________ from Chess Records established rock and roll as a form in itself and established the guitar as THE rock instrument.
Chuck Berry
Popular rock and roll artist __________ from Chess records is known as the poet laureate of rock and broke through color barriers and played to integrated audiences.
Chuck Berry
___(Who)____ was the first blues-based performer to successfully reclaim guitar tricks that country & western innovators had appropriated from black people and adapted to their own uses 25 or 50 years before. [He] is [also] the greatest rock lyricist this side of Bob Dylan
Chuck Berry
Bessie Smith sang __________, a popular style of blues that followed a 12 bar form and was accompanied by professional musicians?
Classic Blues
The late 50's were the transitional period between initial R&R and the teen idol period, the newcomers had a __________ image that helped broaden the appeal of rock and roll.
Clean cut
__________ was the owner of J&M Records.
Cosimo Matassa
Bob Wills and his Texas Playboys played ___________, a style of music popular in the American southwest.
Country swing
Legendary New Orleans musician/producer __________ played a crucial role in the development of rock and roll at J&M Records with his collaborations with Fats Domino.
Dave Bartholomew
__________ was the king of the surf guitar.
Dick Dale
The technique of slapping the strings on the upright bass along with the absence of ______(instrument)______ are some of the traits of rockabilly music and traditional country music as well. This instrument was banned from the Grand Ol' Opry until it was used by Bob Wills and the Texas Playboys
Drums
Early instrumental rock artist _________ developed a style known as "twangy" guitar and formed the model for surf band guitarists that followed.
Duane Eddy
_________ gained more fame in England than America and was a major influence on British guitar players. He was known for the early development of the power chord sound in rock music and his biggest American hit, SUMMERTIME BLUES, was later covered by The Who
Eddy Cochrane
"Of whom is your text referring to: To Buddy Holly, ""Without [him] none of us could have made it."" As for [himself], the center of the storm, it was something over which he professed to have no control. Over and over again in the course of his life, he refused to speculate the reasons for his success, putting it down to luck, blind instinct, anything but conscious design..... He grew up, schooled in all the classic virtues of small-town America: diffident, polite, sirring and ma'aming his elders."""
Elvis
Buddy Holly embraced rockabilly and imitated ______ as best he could.
Elvis
King of Rock and Roll
Elvis Presley
Eddie Cochran gained more fame in _________ than America. Cochran was a major influence on guitar players from ________ through his early development of the power chord sound.
England
T/F: One of the differences between Miss. Delta blues and Chicago blues is that the latter (Chicago Blues) makes use of accoustic instruments.
False
True or false? Elvis wrote most of his music.
False
Fats Domino's music is an excellent representation of the rockability style
False (Blues)
Popular New Orleans artist __________ "offered white kids an easy first step into the world of black music."
Fats Domino
The Teenagers featured 13-year old singing artist __________. Their sound was closer to the street corner singing style. Their biggest hit was "Why Do Fools Fall in Love."
Frankie Lymon
James Brown's unique sound featuring highly syncopated rhythms using the choked chord guitar sound and broken bass lines was the early influence for ________ music.
Funk
__________ was a simple, raw form of rock & roll inspired by British Invasion bands and was the first wave of do-it-yourself punk rockers.
Garage Rock
Of the songwriters, who were usually grouped in pairs, __________ and __________ were the most prolific hitmakers at Aldon Music due to their variety and ability to change with the times.
Gerry Goffin and Carole King
The influence of ________ music was a key element of soul.
Gospel
Surf music was primarily an instrumental style of the 1960s. Surf music reestablished the _______'s role as a central instrument in rock and roll since it had virtually disappeared as lead instrument in early 60's pop.
Guitar
___________'s sweeping register leaps, rich vibrato, and falsetto breaks were his trademarks. ________, a former gymnast and boxer, was an energetic and agile showman.
Jackie Wilson
Known as the "Godfather of Soul", __________ had incredible stage show productions.
James Brown
"""According to your text """"{His} music represented the ungodly miscegenation presley and little Richard only hinted at. A white man with a black soul? Onstage__(who)__, unlike Presley didnt mess much with ballads and hymns. As he admitted in an argument with Sam Phillips early in his career [he] saw himself as playing the devils music and a true christian doesnt mis gods music with the devil's.'"""
Jerry Lee Lewis
_________ was the artist known as "the killer" and Elvis' rival?
Jerry Lee Lewis
The Coasters and The Drifters were Neo-Doo-Wop groups from the early 1960s. Both groups were affiliated with _____________.
Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller
Louie Jordan was a performer of ___________, a style of hard driving dance music.
Jump Blues
New Orleans artist __________ was the direct opposite to the music of Fats Domino. He was a total extravert known as the "Bronze Liberace".
Little Richard
U.S. Congress had a full-scale investigation to find out what smut was in the song ___________ and the FBI declared it "incomprehensible at any speed".
Louie Louie (The Kingsman)
Jump Band
Louis Jordan
The doo-wop style, which developed out of east coast settings, emphasized __________ above rhythm.
Melody
Sun Records is located in the city of __________.
Memphis
Robert Johnson was the "King of the __________ Delta Blues."
Mississippi
J&M Records was located in the city of __________.
New Orleans
The term __________ is used to describe the bribery of an influential person in exchange for the promotion of a product or service, such that of disc jockeys for the promotion of records?
Payola
"According to your text: ""Through multi-tracking, _________ made his rhythm section sound like armies, turned the beat into a murderous massed cannonade. No question, his records were the loudest, fiercest, most magnificent explosions that rock has yet produced."""
Phil Spector
__________ were the owners of Chicago blues record label Chess Records.
Phil and Leonard Chess
"Your text states the following: ""The city had already spawned its share of doo-wop groups and labels, but ti was Dick Clark's move to __________ and the emergence of record companies geared to grooming teen idols from among the local Italian populace for exposure on his show, that put (this city) on the musical map."""
Philly
New Orleans is a major contributor to crossover R&B music through its emphasis on musical elements __________.
Piano, sax and bass
AM radio disc jockeys chose to ignore mainstream white record labels and play small independent __________ labels instead.
R&B
________ the genius, the high priest of soul.... For black america he brought the feeling of the church into secular music and crystallized an era
Ray Charles
___________ was not really R&R music; instead he drew from the entire spectrum of music and ignited R&B with the impassioned testifying of a southern Holy Roller revival meeting.
Ray Charles
L.A. rockabilly artist __________ grew up in front of the nation as "Little Ricky" in The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet and put R&R music in America's living room.
Ricky Nelson
Mississippi Delta Blues
Robert Johnson
__________ is a frenzied mix of Country, Blues, Gospel and Pop.
Rockabilly
___________ was very different from Ray Charles in that he was known as the graceful voice in soul music. His voice had a more floating quality compared to Charles.
Sam Cooke
__________ was the owner of Sun Records. He worked hard to record music by artists both black and white.
Sam Philips
The music of the girl groups often had an underlying current of __________ behind the innocence. Males were idealized images of adolescent romanticism.
Sexuality
__________ popularized the electric guitar in R&B music.
T-Bone Walker
White Girl Groups like ___________ and The Shangri-Las, lacked the gospel-derived emotion of the black groups and relied heavily on melodramatic spoken interludes; the brazen tough girls were a challenge to the sugary girl group image.
The Angels
California band ___________ painted a landscape of beach, paradise, hot rods and California girls and were America's answer to the Beatles.
The Beach Boys
As the country turned to Top 40 formats in the early 1960s, __________ in New York City was the center of all of the hit songwriting.
The Brill Building
__________ were an important model for the girl groups that followed.
The Chantels
__________ were known for their use of Playlets, short mini-dramas acted out in a 2-3 minute song
The Coasters
Buddy Holly and _________ were the prototype for a self-contained rock band. Their two guitar, bass and drums combination set the standard for British Bands.
The Crickets
With Neo-Doo-Wop group ___________, Leiber & Stoller developed a high-tech production style referred to as "Uptown R&B".
The Drifters
The style of the Beach Boys is a combination of the jazz vocal harmonies of ___________ and instrumental surf music.
The Four Freshman
Which two jazz/pop vocal groups from the 1930s and 40s inspired younger groups to a polished sound in a more R&B direction?
The Ink Spots and The Mills Brothers
Star groups of the time were The Platters, The Coasters and The Drifters. Of the three, _________ were one of the most successful crossover acts in the 1950's.
The Platters
Which two vocal groups were important early R&B Doo-wop transition groups?
The Ravens and The Orioles
The male duo, ____________ , were Phil Spector's last great success and came around the time of the arrival of the Beatles and the decline of the Girl Groups.
The Righteous Brothers
Girl group ___________ inspired Phil Spector's best work and became the "Bad girls of pop".
The Ronettes
The ________ was one of the last girl group era bands. Their most famous song, The leader of the pack, was a #1 hit in 1964. It was a modern-day Romeo and Juliet tragedy played out in about three minutes
The Shangra-las
Instrumental surf group ___________ solidified the two guitar / bass / drum line-up for rock and roll bands and became a favorite with the surf crowd.
The Ventures
__________ was the "Father of Gospel Music".
Thomas Dorsey
"T/F: Joe Turner, a Kansas City blues shouter, was known as the ""Boss of Blues"""
True
"T/F: Sixty Minute Man was one of the first R songs to crossover to the pop charts. It was as known as one of the first ""double-entendre"" hits."
True
"The success of many ""girl groups"" is linked to a specific producer that projected his vision rather than the groups vision"
True
Buddy Holly was one of the first rock artists to use the studio as an instrment and explore the techniques of sound and production.
True
T/F: Ray Charles' music is not considered to be rock and roll. instead, his music has drawn from an entire spectrum of styles including patriotic anthems, showtunes, romantic ballads, and even country
True
The subject matter of Chuck Berry's compositions was aimed at youth. He wrote about cars, girls, driving, drive-ins, dancing, rock and roll and the facts of life.
True
True or false? Few doo-wop groups managed to make it onto the charts or sustain careers, many groups became one hit wonders and the individuality of each artist was erased by the group.
True
True or false? When the blues moved from the Mississippi Delta to Chicago, it became amplified.
True
Leiber & Stoller paved the way for the Brill Building writers and Phil Spector productions and were the first _______ writers to compose authentic R&B.
White/European
