exam 1
down
people with __________ syndrome have an extra chromosome on the 21st pair
random sample
in a __________, each member of a population has an equal chance of being selected to participate
survey
in the __________ method, a large sample of people answer questions about their attitudes or behavior
impairment of one's ability to comprehend speech and to think of the proper words to express his or her own thoughts
wernicke's aphasia causes
he established psychology as a laboratory science
what distinguished wilhelm wundt's contribution from other contributions to psychology?
electricity, neurotransmitters
"messages" travel within neurons by means of __________ and from neuron to neuron by means of __________
the behavior on the playground
Dr. Liu was interested in testing the effects of violent television on six year old children. She showed one group a particularly violent episode of Power Rangers and another group watched a short nonviolent episode of Sesame Street. She then observed the groups in the playground and measured their behaviors. What is the dependent variable in this study?
Clark
Kenneth and Marnie Phipps __________ conducted research that influenced a Supreme Court decision on segregated schools
genes
__________ are the most basic building blocks of heredity
Wilhelm Wundt
__________ founded the school of structuralism
clinical
__________ psychologists evaluate problems such as anxiety and depression through interviews and psychological tests
evolutionary
__________ psychologists note that only the fittest organisms reach maturity and reproduce, thereby transmitting their genes to future generations and causing species to evolve in adaptive directions
gestalt
__________ psychologists saw our perceptions as wholes that give meaning to parts
inaccurate self report
a disadvantage of survey research is __________. for example, people tend to overrate behaviors like church attendance and proper hygiene
400
a neuron can fire up to a limit of about __________ times per second
hypothesis
a(n) __________ is a specific statement about behavior or mental processes that is tested through research
several feet
an axon's length can range from a few millimeters to
sympathetic division on her autonomic nervous system
an editor gets so upset that she is late in working on a manuscript that she throws up her lunch. this probably occurred because of the activity of the
develop when two ova are fertilized
dizygotic twins
thyroxin
ellen loses weight and becomes somewhat agitated. her doctor is most likely to theorize that she is suffering from a deficiency of
control
ideal experiments use experimental groups and __________ groups
afferent neurons transmit the sensation of pain to the spinal cord and to the brain followed by efferent neurons sending the message to your foot to move
if someone steps on your toes, resulting in pain and the movement of your foot, which of the following describes this process?
schizophrenia
it is theorized that people with the psychological disorder called __________ apparently over utilize the neurotransmitter dopamine
axon
neurons have a cell body, or soma; dendrites, which receive "messages"; and a(n) __________, which extends from the cell body and transmits messages
neurotransmitters
neurons transmit messages to other neurons by means of chemical substances called __________
ethical
psychologists adhere to __________ standards that help promote the dignity of the individual, maintain scientific integrity, and protect research participants and clinical clients from harm
behavior and mental processes
psychology is defined as the scientific study of
behavior
psychology is defined as the study of __________ and mental processes
population
samples must accurately represent the target __________
identify and assist students who have problems that interfere with their learning
school psychologists are employed by school districts to
instincts
stereotypical behavior patterns that have evolved within a species are called __________
autonomic
the __________ nervous system regulates the glands and involuntary activities such as heartbeat and digestion
myelin
the axons of many neurons have a fatty insulating sheath called __________
monozygotic (identical)
the behavior of __________ twins is of special interest to psychologists because of their genetic endowment is the same
cerebellum
the brain structure called the __________ is involved in balance and coordination
existence
the concept of a struggle for __________ lies at the core of the theory of evolution
Mary Whiton Calkins
the first female president of the American Psychological Association was
psychoanalysis
the school of psychology that places unconscious impulses and desires at the center of human behavior is
autonomic nervous system
when charlotte hears something embarrassing, she blushes. being a student of psychology, she knows that this condition is controlled by the
the correlation method
you design a test of intelligence. on the theory that intelligence is related to academic performance, you use __________ to test the relationship between performance on your new test and grades in school