Exam 1
Often synonymous with the Renaissance, the ____ were great art patrons.
Medici family
Reflecting the influence of ____, Raphael included his portrait in the reflection in his painting of Pope Leo X.
Netherlandish art
In the Creation of Adam, Michelangelo fashioned the conception of God after ____.
Olympian deities
The chief architect of the Venetian Republic from 1570 until his death was ____.
Palladio
The dome Bramante designed for Saint Peter's in Rome would have resembled which of the following?
Pantheon, Rome
____ was one of the first Renaissance buildings conceived as a central-plan structure.
Pazzi Chapel
____ influenced Raphael's perspective system in his Marriage of the Virgin.
Perugino
During the second half of the 16th century, ____ controlled the Netherlands.
Philip II
Which artist painted a series of six paintings showing seasonal changes?
Pieter Bruegel
Which of the following artists traveled to Italy yet chose not to incorporate classical elements into his work?
Pieter Bruegel
In London at the age of 25, Christopher Wren was appointed to which of the following positions?
Professor of astronomy
Poussin chose to emulate the artist ____ rather than depicting dynamic movement and intense emotions.
Raphael
Paul III convened the Council of Trent in 1545. It was part of which of the following?
The Counter-Reformation
Albrecht Altdorfer derived his landscape depiction in the Battle of Issus from ____.
a map in the Nuremberg Chronicle
In El Greco's View of Toledo, the artist departed from Renaissance painters by not painting ____.
buildings in detail
In Dürer's Melencolia I, the ____ is an optimistic note suggesting that the artist can overcome depression.
burst of light on the horizon
In his representation of Pope Leo X, Raphael did not portray him as head of state, but rather as a ____.
man of learning and a collector
Caravaggio's Calling of Saint Matthew is representative of his mature work in which he injects ____ into the depictions of sacred subjects.
naturalism
In Money-Changer and His Wife by Quentin Massys, the artist warns that ____ are a distraction from religious life.
financial transactions
Nanni di Banco achieved a unified spatial composition by placing the figures ____ and in relation to one another.
in a semicircle
Rembrandt's mature works, such as the Return of the Prodigal Son, differ from the religious art of Italy and Flanders in their ______________.
inward-turning contemplation
Which of the following architects wrote influential treatises on painting and architecture?
Alberti
In Leonardo's Last Supper, how did the artist break with traditional iconography?
By the placement of Judas on the same side as Christ and the other disciples
Georges de la Tour's dramatic use of light in Adoration of the Shepherds suggests his familiarity with the Italian artist ____.
Caravaggio
José de Ribera influenced the style of ____ to Spain.
Caravaggio
The first known northern European self-portrait by a woman is purportedly by which of the following?
Caterina van Hemessen
Poussin was responsible for establishing ____ as a key component of 17th-century French art.
Classical painting
The Roman Catholic response to the Reformation was formulated at which of the following?
Council of Trent
Which of the following artists excelled in portraiture?
Hans Holbein
What anamorphic symbol appears in Holbein's The French Ambassadors?
Skull
In Leonardo's Last Supper, the curved pediment above the head of Christ represents which of the following?
A halo
Inigo Jones adopted the design principles of the Venetian architect ____ to his architecture.
Andrea Palladio
____ was the most renowned female painter of the 17th century.
Artemisia Gentileschi
In Masaccio's Trinity the vanishing point can be found at which of the following?
At the foot of the cross
The depiction of different months from ____ influenced Bruegel's Hunters in the Snow.
Books of Hours
The development of linear perspective is generally credited to ____.
Brunelleschi
In Leonardo's Last Supper, the numerous preparatory sketches and studies he made for the work indicate how carefully he thought about this work as a complete entity representing the entire story and its theme. Based on this, which of the following would describe Leonardo's conceptualization of the figures from his Last Supper?
Each figure was individualized.
Which of the following was the Dominican painter-friar who combined elements of the new style of art with traditional religious devotional works that did not conflict with the content of the works?
Fra Angelico
The 15th-century Italian artist whose work showed the most influence of the International style was ____.
Gentile da Fabriano
Which of the following artists was the winner of the famous competition for the bronze doors of the Florence baptistery?
Ghiberti
In the ____, a band of Calvinists destroyed art works in Catholic churches in the Netherlands.
Great Iconoclasm
The robust and monumental figures of the Virgin and Child in Leonardo's Madonna and Child with Saint Anne and the Infant Saint John are reminiscent of ____.
Greek pedimental sculpture
In Raphael's Stanza della Segnatura, he reconciled the philosophies and teachings of Plato and Aristotle. Which of the following have also been reconciled?
Humanism and Christianity
Which of the following was the mother church for the Jesuits in Rome?
Il Gesù
____ was the most influential church building in the later cinquecento.
Il Gesù
Which of the following Renaissance churches influenced Maderno's design for Santa Susanna in Rome?
Il Gesù, Rome
In the 16th century, Spain supported which of the following?
Interests of the Catholic Church
Although women had many limitations as artists, ____ demonstrated the important role women played as art patrons.
Isabella d'Este
In Masaccio's Trinity he embodies two principal Renaissance interests. One is realism based on observation. Which of the following is the other?
It is the application of the new science of perspective.
In Masaccio's Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden, Adam's feet clearly come into contact with the ground. Which of the following is the interpretation for this?
It marks the human presence on earth.
In the grouping of the orders and bays, Hardouin-Mansart's Church of the Invalides in Paris is reminiscent of which of the following?
Italian Baroque
Jacob van Ruisdael specialized in which of the following genres?
Landscapes
The German artist who was dubbed with the title "painter of the Reformation" is ____.
Lucas Cranach the Elder
____ was the style that appealed to the French king, Francis I, because of its elegant, erotic, and unorthodox features.
Mannerism
Attributes of El Greco's style, such as elongated figures in an undefined space, are often characterized as ____.
Mannerist
The aim of much Italian Baroque art was to restore the predominance of ____.
Roman Catholicism
The major center for artistic development in the High Renaissance was ____.
Rome
In the church of ____, Christopher Wren harmonized Palladian, French, and Italian Baroque features
Saint Paul's, London
____ was the Dominican monk who denounced the secular humanism of the Medici and others.
Savonarola
Why did Judith Leyster appear as elegantly attired, rather than in an artist's smock as Rembrandt did, in her own Self-Portrait?
She wanted to indicate her social prominence.
Which of the following artists was most interested in depicting the human body in violent action?
Signorelli
The Sistine Chapel ceiling represents which of the following themes?
The chronology of Christianity
Ghiberti's competitive panel for the baptistery doors of the Florence Cathedral shows classical references that reflect influences of humanism. Which of the following is a classical reference seen on Ghiberti's panel?
The naked figure of Isaac
In Perugino's Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to Saint Peter, the artist has reminded the viewer of the link among Constantine, Saint Peter, and the basilica of Saint Peter. Which of the following is the vehicle used as that reminder?
The triumphal arches in the background
How did Masaccio create a sense of bulk for his figures in the Tribute Money?
Through modeling with a specific light source outside the picture
Who was the Venetian painter who created dynamic compositions, often by means of swirling clouds and fitful light?
Tintoretto
In the Triumph of the Barberini by Pietro da Cortona, the papal tiara and keys announce the accomplishments of ____.
Urban VIII
____ is a Dutch artist who featured as the subject of his art neat interiors of Dutch middle-class dwellings.
Vermeer
The term Accadian landscape, as seen in Bellini's Feast of the Gods, refers to ____.
an idyllic place
Art historians believe that Vermeer used tools, such as the ____, to aid in his virtuoso depiction of light.
camera obscura
Pope Paul V converted Saint Peter's from a central-plan church into a basilican-plan church because ____.
central-plan buildings evoked pagan temples
The Spanish painter Velásquez held the titles of first painter to the king and ____.
chief steward of the palace
Rembrandt deviated from typical group portraits in the Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp by portraying members of the guild ____.
clustered to one side
José de Ribera's brutal themes, such as the Martyrdom of Saint Philip, appealed to the Spanish taste for ____.
courage and devotion
In Ghiberti's Isaac and His Sons, the artist's study of ancient art is especially apparent in the ____.
figure of Rebecca
Saints Anthony and Sebastian appear in Grünewald's Isenheim Altarpiece because of their association with ____.
disease and miraculous cures
In Dürer's print of the Fall of Man, the idealization of Adam and Eve is tempered by the ____ of the background.
naturalism
To create the illusion of Heaven opening up in the Glorification of Saint Ignatius, Fra Andrea Pozzo ____.
painted the church's actual architecture into the vault so the roof seems to be lifting off
In the treatment of space and narrative, Ghiberti's Isaac and his Sons recall ____.
painting techniques
Visible in his David, rather than concentrating his efforts on ideal beauty, the artist Michelangelo focused on ____.
pent-up emotion
Titian's altarpiece, the Madonna of the Pesaro Family, differed from High Renaissance compositions in central Italy in the ____.
placement of the figures on a steep diagonal
The simulation of easel painting for ceiling design is termed ____.
quadro riportato
In Jan Steen's The Feast of Saint Nicolas, he alluded to ____ by using children's activities to comment on adult behavior.
selfishness
The orb and the cross surmounting Bernini's Baldacchino symbolize ____.
the Church's triumph
In his Self-Portrait, Durer's hand position may be a reference to ____.
the artist's hand as a creative instrument
Michelangelo deviated from earlier representations of David in his rendition by portraying ____.
the encounter before the battle
Michelangelo went beyond self-contained statues in his David by ____.
turning his head
The ____ of Francesco Borromini's architecture, visible in the facade of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, opposed ancient ideas about architecture.
undulating motion and enhanced three-dimensional effect
In his Assumption of the Virgin, Titian used ____ to create intensity and drama.
vibrant color
The cleaning of Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling initially shocked art historians because it revealed ____.
vivid colors
Jean Clouet presented Francis I as a ____.
worldly leader
____ took a fundamental step forward in his representation of Saint Mark by the contrapposto pose.
Donatello
The influence of ____ is evident in Rubens's heroic figures and foreshortened anatomy in his Elevation of the Cross.
Michelangelo
Bernini's statue of David differed from his predecessors by showing David ____.
in the moment of combat
In 1401, Ghiberti's entry won the competition for the design of the baptistery doors for the Florence Cathedral partially based stylistically on its ____.
new spatial illusionism