exam 1

The following are structural components of the conducting system of the heart. 1. Purkinje fibers 2. AV bundle 3. AV node 4. SA node 5. bundle branches The sequence in which excitation would move through this system is

4, 3, 2, 5, 1.

List in correct order the sequence of blood vessels that blood would travel in the systemic circuit starting at the aorta. 1. venules 5. medium veins 2. arterioles 6. large veins 3. capillaries 7. muscular arteries 4. elastic arteries

4, 7, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6

The long plateau phase of the cardiac muscle action potential is due to

calcium channels opening and remaining open.

These vessels may be continuous or fenestrated.

capillaries

Blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary circuit first enters the

left atrium

Calculate the net filtration pressure (NFP) with a blood hydrostatic pressure of 40 mm Hg and a blood colloid osmotic pressure of 25 mm Hg. Then determine if the blood gains or loses fluid.

15 mm Hg; loss

The following is a list of vessels and structures that are associated with the heart. 1. right atrium 2. left atrium 3. right ventricle 4. left ventricle 5. venae cavae 6. aorta 7. pulmonary trunk 8. pulmonary veins List the order that blood would pass as it returns to and through the heart.

5, 1, 3, 7, 8, 2, 4, 6

Intercalated discs serve to transfer ________ from cell to cell. ionic currents action potentials signals coming from the conducting system electrical signals All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct.

When a person who lives at sea level vacations in the Rocky Mountains, you would expect a drop in oxygen levels. the release of erythropoietin. an eventual rise in hematocrit. an increase in red blood cell production. All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following is a function of the blood? transport of nutrients and wastes transport of body heat transport of gases defense against toxins and pathogens All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following is true of eosinophils? granules stain with eosin dyes allergic patients have many have bilobed nucleus constitute about 2 to 4 percent of WBCs All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct.

Clinically, the term blood pressure usually refers to

arterial pressure.

What vessels hold the largest percentage of the blood supply?

artery

The heart is innervated by ________ nerves.

both parasympathetic and sympathetic

Exchange between a blood vessel and the cells that surround it can occur only in

capillaries.

Contractions of the papillary muscles

close the atrioventricular valves.

The common pathway of coagulation begins with the

conversion of Factor X to prothrombinase.

Resistance is a force that

decreases blood flow.

Some rat poisons contain a toxin that blocks the liver's ability to utilize vitamin K. Animals that consume this poison would die of

hemorrhage.

Which of these descriptions best matches the term colony stimulating factor?

hormone that regulates blood cell formation

The atrioventricular valves permit blood flow

in one direction only.

Stimulation of the aortic baroreceptors results in

increased activity by the parasympathetic nervous system.

An obstruction in blood flow to the kidneys would ultimately result in

increased erythropoiesis.

In cardiac muscle, you could achieve a faster depolarization phase of the action potential by

increased membrane permeability to sodium ions.

The coronary sulcus is a groove that

marks the border between the atria and ventricles.

Platelets are pinched off from giant multinucleated cells in the bone marrow called

megakaryocytes.

Total peripheral resistance is related to all of the following, except the

osmolarity of interstitial fluids.

Blood pressure increases with all of the following, except increased

parasympathetic innervation.

As blood travels from arteries to veins,

pressure drops.

Blood leaves the right ventricle by passing through the

pulmonary valve.

Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is

recycled to the red bone marrow

Elevated levels of the hormones ANP and BNP will produce increased

salt and water loss through the kidneys.

Which of the following changes doesn't occur during exercise?

skin blood flow is lower

Cardiac output is increased by

sympathetic stimulation.

The phase in the cardiac cycle when the mitral valve is closed and the aortic valve is open is the

systolic ejection phase.

The normal pacemaker of the heart is located in

the sinoatrial node.

If the connection between the SA node and AV node becomes partially blocked or consisted of smaller fibers,

the ventricles will beat more slowly.

Which of the following is the innermost layer of a blood vessel?

tunica intima

The muscular layer in the wall of a blood vessel is the

tunica media.

Each of the following factors would increase peripheral resistance, except

vasodilation

Blood pressure is lowest in the

veins

Which of the following are the smallest Venous vessels?

venules

The most abundant component of plasma is

water

Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera but not with the anti-B or anti-D sera (Rh). This means

Bill's plasma contains B antibodies.

________ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells.

Monocytes

Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is false?

Red cells contain a large round nucleus.

The function of red blood cells is to

The function of red blood cells is to

Which of the following statements is false concerning the movement of fluid between capillaries and interstitial space?

The net filtration pressure is usually zero throughout the capillary.

Considering the left ventricle, why does isovolumetric ventricular contraction occur during ventricular systole?

The ventricle must build up more pressure to open the aortic valve.

In which of the following situations would you expect the blood level of bilirubin to be elevated?

an alcoholic with a damaged liver