Exam 2

Rolls May categorized the obsessive focus on, or pursuit of, a single need as a kind of noogenic neurosis

False

According to Rogers, clients are able to overcome defenses and accept experiences that have been denied and distorted when they

experience unconditional positive regard

A pound of lead is heavier than a pound of feathers.

false

Maslow's theory is derived from:

research on independent, self-sufficient, and fulfilled adults.

Maslow's work on self-actualization began as an attempt to understand the personalities of:

anthropologist Ruth Benedict and the Gestalt psychologist Max Wertheimer.

Which of the following was NOT a contingency of worth measured in class?

approval form self

In Rogers's person-centered therapy, the responsibility for changing behavior and reevaluating relationships falls on the _____.

client

Rogers's personality theory has received wide recognition, particularly for its emphasis on _____.

the self-concept

frankl's experience in Nazi Consentration camps lead him to

Conclude that meaning can be discovered in even the most brutal situations

In the context of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following is true of lower needs They are stronger than the higher needs. They are called deficiency needs. Failure to satisfy lower needs produces a crisis.

all of these correct

In which of the following cases is approval granted regardless of a person's behavior?

Unconditional positive regard

Rogers believed that people are rational beings ruled by:

a conscious perception of themselves and their experiential world.

According to Maslow, a visible indication of children's safety needs is their preference for:

a structure or routine.

According to Maslow's needs-hierarchy theory, which of the following is true of higher needs? They are weaker than lower needs. They arise later in life. They are less necessary than lower needs for actual survival.

all of these are correct

In the context of the needs-hierarchy theory, identify an accurate statement about the conditions to achieve self-actualization. We must have a realistic knowledge of our strengths and weaknesses. We must be free of constraints imposed by society and by ourselves. We must be secure in our self-image and in our relationships with other people.

all of these are correct

You ask a person to provide a real‑self profile and an ideal‑self profile. Which correlation would you expect to find between the two profiles if the person is approaching fully functioning?

.60

According to Rogers's theory, conditions of worth evolve from:

Enhancing positive regard leading to positive self-regard

Check each statement that is correct

Existentialists all emphasize the concept of personal responsibility for every choice we make Noogenic neurosis is a form of anxiety triggered by a sense that our life is empty and lacking in meaning

Which of the following statements is true of Maslow's views on human nature?

He argued that human nature is basically good, decent, and kind.

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Kierkegaard?

He tried returning philosophy to its Greek roots and the concern for the health of the soul

Identify an accurate statement about Maslow's family.

Maslow's father was aloof and periodically abandoned his wife and children.

As proposed by Maslow, which of the following statements is true of the esteem needs?

Satisfaction of the need for self-esteem allows people to feel confident of their strength.

According to Rogers, what are the consequences of using distortion and denial?

The person will become less able to experience life fully.

According to Maslow, which of the following is a reason why people fail to self-actualize? For many people it may seem easier and safer to accept life as it is rather than seek new challenges. Inadequate education and improper child-rearing practices thwart the drive for self-actualization in adulthood. People may fear that taking action to maximize their potential will lead to new situations with which they may be unable to cope.

all of these are correct

What was Rogers view about the self? The self is our image of what we are and what we should be. The self is a consistent pattern. The self is an organized whole.

all of these are correct

Maslow proposed a second set of innate needs called the _____, which exist outside the hierarchy.

cognitive needs

According to Maslow, the need for self-actualization:

does not arise until midlife

Which explanation of lying and deception would be most consistent with the views of Rogers?

fear of being rejected by others

When high self-esteem people fail they

feel motivated to do better next time

In the context of Maslow's needs-hierarchy theory, all of the following are physiological needs except the need for _____.

friendship

By self-actualization, Maslow meant:

fullest development of the self.

Rogers's personality theory is rooted in:

humanistic psychology.

In the context of the needs-hierarchy theory, physiological and safety needs arise in _____.

infancy

In the context of Maslow's needs-hierarchy theory, satisfaction of higher needs:

leads to happiness, contentment, and fulfillment.

Rogers believed that once infants develop conditions of worth, they:

learn that parental affection has a price.

Rogers's personality was greatly shaped by his childhood experience of:

living by his parents' view of the world rather than his own.

In Rogers's view of human nature, _____.

no aspect of personality is predetermined

Maslow believed that people, in general, are driven by:

only one dominant need at any point of time

Maslow defined _____ as a moment of intense ecstasy, during which the self is transcended and the person feels supremely powerful, confident, and decisive.

peak experience

Rogers's technique of psychotherapy is called:

person-centered therapy

According to Rogers, the ultimate goal in life is:

to become a fully functioning person by actualizing the self.

According to Rogers, all of the following are characteristics of fully functioning persons except:

unconditional positive regard.

Which contingency of worth is defined as "adhering to personal ethical standards and judging ourselves as good as good and moral individuals"

virtue

What did Sartre mean when he said "Existence precedes essence"?

we provide our own meaning and purpose.