Exam 2

Graphical Mode

gdm

Which devices will be checked by fsck during the boot time? A. /dev/sda1 and /dev/sda2 B. /dev/sda2 and /dev/sda3 C. /dev/sda3 and /dev/sdb1 D. None of the above

A. /dev/sda1 and /dev/sda2

Which of the following files is always executed immediately after any user logs in to a Linux system and receives a BASH shell? A. /etc/profile B. ~/.bash_profile C. ~/.bash_login D. ~/.profile

A. /etc/profile

Which of the following RAID levels is not fault tolerant? A. RAID 0 B. RAID 1 C. RAID 4 D. RAID 5

A. RAID 0

Suppose file1 exists but dir1 does not. Which command will write stdout and stderr to the same file? (Select two) A. $ cat file1 dir1 2>file B. $ cat file1 dir1 >file 2>&1 C. $ cat file1 dir1 2>&1 >file D. $ cat file1 dir1 &>file

B. $ cat file1 dir1 >file 2>&1 D. $ cat file1 dir1 &>file

Which one is NOT a component of LVM? A. Physical Volume B. Group Volume C. Volume Group D. Logical Volume

B. Group Volume

Which statements are true for LVM Logical Volume? (Select two) A. LV must be unmounted before it can be extended B. Multiple LVs can exist on a single VG C. Each LV maps to a PV D. Each LV can have a different filesystem

B. Multiple LVs can exist on a single VG and D. Each LV can have a different filesystem

What do subdirectories whose names are numbers under /proc directory represent? A. Installed hardware B. Processes C. Lost+Found files D. Logs

B. Processes

Consider the following shell script:echo -e "What is your favorite color?--> \c"read REPLYif [ $REPLY = "red" -o $REPLY = "blue" ]thenecho "The answer is red or blue."elseecho "The answer is not red nor blue."fi What would be displayed if a user executes this shell script and answers Blue when prompted? A. The answer is red or blue. B. The answer is not red nor blue. C. The code would cause an error. D. The answer is red or blue. The answer is not red nor blue.

B. The answer is not red nor blue.

What is Git? A. Another name for Gigabit B. Version control software C. Configuration management software D. Open source malware

B. Version control software

Which type of RAID can be entirely configured during the Linux installation process? A. hardware RAID B. software RAID C. firmware RAID D. serial RAID

B. software RAID

Which of the following variables could access the value "/etc" within the sample shell script, if the sample shell script was executed using the bash sample /var /etc /bin command? A. $0 B. $1 C. $2 D. $3

C. $2

Which command do you use to display the total disk space consumed under /home/user1? A. du /home/user1 B. du -T /home/user1 C. du -h /home/user1 D. du -s /home/user1

D. du -s /home/user1

GRUB2 can support both MBR and GPT. True or False?

True

The sed and awk commands are filter commands commonly used to format data within a pipe. True or False? True or False?

True

You can use X Windows on one computer to send graphical images to an X client on another computer. True or False?

True

Which are typically loaded into the Linux kernel as a module? (Select three) A. Graphics card B. NIC C. SATA drives D. Motherboard chipset

A. Graphics card B. NIC D. Motherboard chipset

Which of the following will set VAL to 0? (Choose all that apply) A. VAL=0 B. VAL = 0 C. VAL="0" D. VAL = "0"

A. VAL=0 C. VAL="0"

Which of the following lines can be used to perform command substitution within a shell script? (Choose all that apply.) A. `command` B. ${command} C. ${!command} D. $(command)

A. `command` D. $(command)

What does the command dumpe2fs -h do? A. backs up an ext2 filesystem B. displays the number of used and available inodes for an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem C. dumps an ext2 filesystem D. nothing; it is not a valid command

B. displays the number of used and available inodes for an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem

The current value for the HOME variable is displayed by which of the following commands? (Choose all that apply.) A. echo HOME= B. echo ~ C. echo $HOME D. echo ls HOME

B. echo ~ C. echo $HOME

Which command mounts all existing filesystems in /etc/fstab? A. mount -f B. mount -a C. mount /etc/fstab D. mount /etc/mtab

B. mount -a

Which of the following will display the message welcome home if the cd /home/user1 command is successfully executed? A. cd /home/user1 && echo "welcome home" B. cat "welcome home" || cd /home/user1 C. cd /home/user1 || cat "welcome home" D. echo "welcome home" && cd /home/user1

A. cd /home/user1 && echo "welcome home"

Where is the /proc filesystem stored? A. in RAM B. on the hard disk drive in the / directory C. on the hard disk drive in the /etc directory D. on the hard disk drive in the /var directory

A. in RAM

Which construct can be used in a shell script to read stdin and place it in a variable? A. read B. sum C. verify D. test

A. read

You want to see the filesystems that are in use on the system. What command could you use? (Choose all that apply.) A. cat /etc/fstab B. df -T C. cat /etc/mtab D. ls /sys/block

B. df -T and C. cat /etc/mtab

Before a user-defined variable can be used by processes that run in subshells, that variable must be __________. A. imported B. Falsevalidated by running the env command C. exported D. redirected to the BASH shell

C. exported

Which of the following describes a computer that is used to access an iSCSI hard disk across the network? A. iSCSI target B. iSCSI requestor C. iSCSI initiator D. iSCSI terminator

C. iSCSI initiator

Which command will display the following information? The number of different shells being used on a Linux system A. $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | uniq | sort | wc -l B. $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | wc -l | sort | uniq C. $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | sort | wc -l | uniq D. $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | sort | uniq | wc -l

D. $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | sort | uniq | wc -l

To which directory will the test ZFS volume be mounted by the ZFS system? zpool create test raidz /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd /dev/sde A. /mnt/test B. /media/test C. /zfs/test D. /test

D. /test

Today, web, mail, print, and other services are run on physically separate enterprise servers. True or False?

False

umount and eject commands perform the same operation. True or False?

False

DM-MPIO can be configured to provide multiple, redundant connections to data stored on a SAN. True or False?

True

Where is Grub2 bootloader executable file located at on a Fedora Linux system with UEFI and GPT? A. /boot/grub2/grubx64.efi B. /etc/grub2/grubx64.efi C. /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grubx64.efi D. /etc/efi/EFI/FEDORA/GRUBX64.EFI

C. /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grubx64.efi

What type of redundant storage configuration is most common for hosting the operating system and applications on a server? A. RAID 5 B. ZFS C. RAID 1 D. SAN + DM-MPIO

C. RAID 1

A user mounts a device to a mount point directory and realizes afterward she needs files previously found within the mount point directory. What should this user do? A. Nothing; the files are lost and cannot ever be accessed. B. Nothing; the files could not have been there because you can only mount to empty directories. C. Unmount the device from the directory. D. Run the fsck command to recover the file. E. Look in the lost+found directory for the file.

C. Unmount the device from the directory.

Which of the following commands can quickly determine whether your network hardware was detected properly following a Linux installation? A. cat /proc/modules/network B. lspci C. lshw -class network D. dmesg

C. lshw -class network

Which command is used to format a partition on a hard disk drive with the ext4 filesystem? A. format_ext4 device B. ext4mkfs device C. mke2fs -t ext4 device D. makeext4FS device

C. mke2fs -t ext4 device

Which command could you use to see a list of all environment and user-defined shell variables as well as their current values? A. ls /var B. env C. set D. echo

C. set

When configuring a virtual hard disk file, which term refers to the feature that allows the virtual hard disk file to expand dynamically as space is requested by the guest operating system? A. thick provisioning B. Type 1 C. thin provisioning D. Type 2

C. thin provisioning

RAID 1

Complete replica of another disk

Which of the following operators reverses the meaning of a test statement? A. #! B. -o C. -a D. !

D. !

Which command will display the following information? The number of users who use BASH shell A. $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | sort | grep bash B. $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | sort | wc -l C. $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | wc -l | grep bash D. $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | grep bash | wc -l

D. $ cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f7 | grep bash | wc -l

Character devices typically transfer data more quickly than block devices. True or False?

False

RAID 5

Withstand up to one disk loss

RAID 6

Withstand up to two disk losses

What will be displayed? Assume the script has the execution bit set. $ cat myscript.sh #! /bin/bash function print_positional_params () { echo "$3 $1 $2" } print_positional_params "$3" "$2" "$1" #./myscript.sh one two three A. one two three B. one three two C. two three two D. three one two

B. one three two

Which statements are true regarding the output below? (Select two) A. sda1 is a character device B. sda2 is a block device C. sda1 uses a device file identified by the major number 1 D. sda2 uses a device file identified by the major number 8

B. sda2 is a block device and D. sda2 uses a device file identified by the major number 8

You want to view log files to get information about a problem that occurred during a Linux installation. In which directory will you likely find the log files? A. /root/log B. /sys/log C. /var/log D. /etc/log

C. /var/log

What is the most common cause for a disk failure? A. Bugs in the disk controller module B. Poor manufacturing process C. Improper shut down D. Not running defrag tool

C. Improper shut down

What must you do to successfully run the fsck command on a filesystem? A. Run the fsck command with the -u option to automatically unmount the filesystem first. B. Choose yes when warned that running fsck on a mounted filesystem can cause damage. C. Unmount the filesystem. D. Ensure that the filesystem is mounted.

C. Unmount the filesystem.

Which of the following statements regarding LVM structure is correct? A. PVs are collections of VGs B. LVs are created from the free space available within PVs C. VGs are comprised of one or more PVs D. PVs use the space within LVs to create VGs

C. VGs are comprised of one or more PVs

Which of the hypervisors below are type 2? (Select two) A. Citrix Xen B. Microsoft Hyper-Drive C. VMware Workstation D. VMware ESXi E. Oracle Virtual Box

C. VMware Workstation E. Oracle Virtual Box

What would be the effect of using the alias command to make an alias for the date command named cat in honor of your favorite pet? A. It cannot be done as there already is an environment variable cat associated with the cat command. B. It cannot be done because there already is a command cat on the system. C. When you use the cat command at the command prompt with the intention of viewing a text file, the date appears instead. D. There is no effect until the alias is imported because it is a user-declared variable.

C. When you use the cat command at the command prompt with the intention of viewing a text file, the date appears instead.

Which of the following could result in a segmentation fault (fatal signal 11) during a Fedora installation? A. RAM problems B. overclocked CPU C. faulty hardware components D. all of the above

D. all of the above

Which command is used to display the amount of free space that exists on a filesystem? A. fsck B. quota C. du D. df

D. df

What does the du -s /var command do? A. shows the users connected to the /var directory B. shows the size of all directories within the /var directory C. dumps the /var directory D. displays the total size of the /var directory

D. displays the total size of the /var directory

Every if construct begins with if and must be terminated with? A. end B. endif C. stop D. fi

D. fi

After a partition on a hard disk is formatted with a filesystem, all partitions on that hard disk drive must use the same filesystem. True or False

False

BTRFS can detect and repair data errors automatically as data is read and written. True or False?

False

BTRFS filesystems do not need to be checked for errors as they are resilient to data corruption. True or False?

False

ZFS volumes are mounted at boot time from entries within /etc/fstab by default. True or False?

False

RAID 0

Performance improvement but no protection

What does the dmesg command do? A. Analyzes core dump files B. Delete log files C. Displays messages generated by device drivers D. Detaches message

C. Displays messages generated by device drivers

Because stderr and stdout represent the results of a command and stdin represents the input required for a command, only stderr and stdout can be redirected to/from a file. True or False?

False

Single User Mode

The root user only

Which of the following statements are true? (Choose all that apply.) A. Quotas can only limit user space. B. Quotas can only limit the number of files a user can own. C. Quotas can limit both user space and the number of files a user can own. D. Hard limits can never be exceeded. E. Hard limits allow a user to exceed them for a certain period of time. F. Soft limits can never be exceeded. G. Soft limits allow a user to exceed them for a certain period of time. H. Either a hard limit or a soft limit can be set, but not both concurrently.

C. Quotas can limit both user space and the number of files a user can own. D. Hard limits can never be exceeded. and G. Soft limits allow a user to exceed them for a certain period of time.

Which of the following is not a type of RAID? A. hardware RAID B. software RAID C. firmware RAID D. serial RAID

D. serial RAID

A for construct is a loop construct that processes a specified list of objects. As a result, it is executed as long as there are remaining objects to process. True or False?

True

Both aliases and functions can be used to store commands that can be executed, but functions can also accept positional parameters. True or False?

True

Standard partition can be extended only if an unallocated partition exists after it in contiguous manner. True or False?

True

The lvextend command can be used to add unused space within a volume group to an existing logical volume. True or False?

True

What does &> accomplish when entered on the command line after a command? A. It redirects both stderr and stdout to the same location. B. It does not accomplish anything. C. It redirects both stderr and stdin to the same location. D. It appends stdout to a file.

A. It redirects both stderr and stdout to the same location.

How do you indicate a comment line in a shell script? A. There are no comment lines in a shell script. B. Begin the line with #!. C. Begin the line with !. D. Begin the line with #.

D. Begin the line with #.

Mounting associates a __________ file with a __________ point. A. binary, mount B. block, character C. mount, device D. device, mount

D. device, mount

Which of the following commands can be used on a modern Linux system to view the same information show by the dmesg command? A. less /var/log/boot.log B. less /var/log/messages C. journalctl -b D. journalctl -k

D. journalctl -k

Which command can be used to repair an XFS filesystem? A. fsck -t xfs /dev/sdb1 B. e2fsck /dev/sdb1 C. fsck.xfs /dev/sdb1 D. xfs_repair /dev/sdb1

D. xfs_repair /dev/sdb1

When viewing the output of the lsmod command, you notice several modules that start with vmw. What does this indicate? A. Linux is running as a guest operating system. B. Device drivers need to be installed on your system. C. There is no virtual memory in your system. D. The system is running the KVM hypervisor.

A. Linux is running as a guest operating system.

Which statements describe a server installation process? (Select three) A. No GUI interface B. IP address is dynamically assigned C. System service configuration offered during installation D. Provided with a choice of packages and only the necessary ones are selected and installed

A. No GUI interface C. System service configuration offered during installation D. Provided with a choice of packages and only the necessary ones are selected and installed

You attempt to perform the git commit -m "Added listdir function" but the command fails. What are possible reasons for the failure? (Choose all that apply.) A. The user performing the commit has not set their Git user information. B. No files were added to the Git index beforehand. C. The user performing the commit is not running the command from within the Git repo directory. D. The master branch was not specified within the command itself.

A. The user performing the commit has not set their Git user information. B. No files were added to the Git index beforehand. C. The user performing the commit is not running the command from within the Git repo directory.

How do you export a variable? (Choose all that apply) A. VAL="My val"; export VAL B. VAL="My val"; export $VAL C. export VAL="My val" D. export $VAL="My val"

A. VAL="My val"; export VAL C. export VAL="My val"

What is system rescue? A. The process of using a live OS to repair problems associated with the live OS. B. The process of using a live OS to repair problems on another Linux system installed on a separate disk. C. The process of using the installed tools on the current system to repair problems associated with the current system. D. The process of saving power on the current system.

B. The process of using a live OS to repair problems on another Linux system installed on a separate disk.

A device file _______________________. (Choose all that apply.) A. has no inode section B. has no data section C. displays a major and minor number in place of a file size D. has a fixed size of 300 kilobytes

B. has no data section and C. displays a major and minor number in place of a file size

What command can be used to create a ZFS volume called test from the space on /dev/sdb and /dev/sdc that functions like RAID level 1? A. zpool create test /dev/sdb /dev/sdc B. zpool create test mirror /dev/sdb /dev/sdc C. zpool create test raidz /dev/sdb /dev/sdc D. zpool create test raidz2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc

B. zpool create test mirror /dev/sdb /dev/sdc

Given the following output from /etc/fstab, which filesystems will be automatically checked on boot by the fsck command? /dev/sda1 / ext4 defaults 1 1none /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 1 0none /proc proc defaults 0 1none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 1 0/dev/sdc2 swap swap defaults 0 1/dev/dvd /media/dvd iso9660 noauto,ro 0 0 A. none, as fsck must be run manually for each filesystem B. /, /dev/pts, and /dev/shm C. /, /proc, and swap D. all of them, as fsck is run automatically at boot for all filesystems

C. /, /proc, and swap

Jim has just installed two new SAS SSDs in his system. He properly installs the hardware in his machine. Before he can use them for data storage and retrieval, what must he do? (Choose all that apply.) A. Mount the two SSDs so they are accessible by the operating system. B. Mount a filesystem to each of SSDs. C. Create one or more partitions on each of the SSDs. D. Use the vi editor to edit /etc/mtab and create an entry for the SSDs. E. Mount any partitions created on the two SSDs such that they are accessible by the operating system. F. Format any partitions created on the SSDs with a valid filesystem recognized by Linux.

C. Create one or more partitions on each of the SSDs. Use the vi editor to edit /etc/mtab and create an entry for the SSDs. E. Mount any partitions created on the two SSDs such that they are accessible by the operating system. and F. Format any partitions created on the SSDs with a valid filesystem recognized by Linux.

A user runs the fsck command with the -f option on an ext4 filesystem that is showing signs of corruption. How would that user locate any files the system was unable to repair? A. Look in the root of the filesystem. B. The system prompts the user for a target location when it comes across a file it cannot repair. C. Mount the filesystem and check the lost+found directory underneath the mount point. D. View the contents of the directory /lost+found.

C. Mount the filesystem and check the lost+found directory underneath the mount point.

You have redirected stderr to a file called Errors. You view the contents of this file afterward and notice that there are six error messages. After repeating the procedure, you notice that there are only two error messages in this file. Why? A. After you open the file and view the contents, the contents are lost. B. The system generated different stdout. C. You did not append the stderr to the Error file, and, as a result, it was overwritten when the command was run a second time. D. You must specify a new file each time you redirect as the system creates the specified file by default.

C. You did not append the stderr to the Error file, and, as a result, it was overwritten when the command was run a second time.

Which command can you use during a system rescue to switch from the root of the live OS to the root of the Linux system installed on the hard disk? A. mount B. sysimage C. chroot D. rescue

C. chroot

You plug a USB flash memory drive into a system that has two SATA hard disks. How will the partition on this USB flash memory drive be identified by Linux? A. /dev/sda1 B. /dev/sda2 C. /dev/sdb1 D. /dev/sdc1

D. /dev/sdc1

Reorder the steps to install a new disk drive on a Linux workstation. 1. Install a device driver if not present 2. Mount the device 3. Create a partition 4. Install a filesystem 5. Attach a physical device 6. Create a mount point if it doesn't exist A. 5, 6, 2, 4, 1, 3 B. 5, 6, 4, 2, 3, 1 C. 5, 1, 2, 6, 4, 3 D. 5, 1, 3, 6, 2, 4

D. 5, 1, 3, 6, 2, 4

What component of a Linux server is used to connect to a Fibre Channel SAN? A. FC initiator B. FC target C. FC HBA D. WWPN

C. FC HBA

Halt

No Daemons

Multiuser Mode

Server's default mode

Which commands will work? (Select two) A. $ ls > file1 B. $ file1 > file2 C. $ wc < file1 D. $ wc | file1

A. $ ls > file1 C. $ wc < file1

Which numeric variable test expressions work? (Select two) A. (($A == $B)) B. ((! $A -eq $D)) C. (($A != $C)) D. ((! $A = $D))

A. (($A == $B)) C. (($A != $C))

Linux servers are typically installed in a rack using rackmount server hardware. Which of the following describes the minimum height of a rackmount server? A. 1U B. Series A C. Type A D. Level 5

A. 1U

Which statement describes ZFS? A. Can detect and repair data errors automatically as data is read and written B. Mounted through /etc/fstab C. Designed for ease of administration with simplicity and minimal capabilities D. Will become the replacement for Ext4

A. Can detect and repair data errors automatically as data is read and written

Which outputs are a result of the following command? (Choose all that apply) Assume each original name started with a capitalized letter followed by lower-case letters. $ tr [h-z][H-Z] < names A. DONaLd DUcK B. MIcKeY MOUSe C. WaLT DiSNey D. WiNNie THe POOH

A. DONaLd DUcK B. MIcKeY MOUSe

Which of the following commands can only be used to create partitions on a GPT hard disk? A. gdisk B. cfdisk C. fdisk D. parted

A. gdisk