EXAM 2 COG PSYCH MCCAIN

MacKay showed that a biasing word on the unattended ear influenced processing of ___ when people were ___ of that word

ambiguous sentences; unaware

Have you ever tried to think of the words and hum the melody of one song while the radio is playing a different song? People have often noted that this is very difficult to do. This difficulty can be understood as

articulatory suppression.

Research on monkeys has shown that the part of the brain most closely associated with working memory is the

prefrontal cortex.

Suppose you (a student) are asked by a teacher to learn a poem you will recite in front of your class. Soon after, both you and a classmate, J.P., are asked by another teacher to learn the lyrics to an unfamiliar song. When you and J.P. are later asked to remember the song lyrics, you have a much more difficult time recalling them than J.P. does. This impairment of your performance is most likely attributable to

proactive interference.

The notion that faster responding occurs when enhancement spreads within an object is called

same-object advantage

A person with a reduced digit span would most likely have a problem with ________ memory.

short-term

The experiment involving simulated driving and the use of "hands-free" vs. "handheld" cell phones found that

talking on either kind of phone impairs driving performance significantly

Broadbent's model is called an early selection model because

the filter eliminates unattended information right at the beginning

The word-length effect reveals that

the phonological loop of the working memory model has a limited capacity.

Studies investigating attention as we carry out actions such as making a sandwich shows that a person's eye movements

were determined primarily by the task

Which of the following scenarios is most likely to support the early selection approach to attention and performance?

Conversing on the phone while doing a crossword puzzle

If Pat Mahomes, a professional football player, wanted to remember his 16-digit credit card number, which of the following memory techniques would you recommend?

He should think of the numbers as a sequence of football statistics.

Models designed to explain mental functioning are constantly refined and modified to explain new results. Which of the following exemplifies this concept based on the results presented in your text?

Replacing the STM component of the modal model with working memory

In the filter model of attention, the stages of information processing occur in which order?

Sensory store, filter, detector, short-term memory

According to the model of working memory, which of the following mental tasks should LEAST adversely affect people's driving performance while operating a car along an unfamiliar, winding road?

Trying to remember the definition of a word they just learned

Compared to the whole-report technique, the partial-report procedure involves

a smaller response set.

Peterson and Peterson studied how well participants can remember groups of three letters (like BRT, QSD) after various delays. They found that participants remembered an average of 80 percent of the groups after 3 seconds but only 10 percent after 18 seconds. They hypothesized that this decrease in performance was due to _____, but later research showed that it was actually due to _____.

decay; interference

Scene schema is

knowledge about what is contained in a typical scene

The stroop effect demonstrates people's inability to ignore the ____ of words

meaning

According to Treisman's feature integration theory, the first stage of perception is called the ______ stage.

preattentive