Exam 2 Immunology Ch. 6 - Cytokines - Quiz

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IL-2 is produced by one cell, and the same IL-2 stimulates that same cell. This type of cytokine activity is called: -autocrine -paracrine -pleiotropic -endocrine

Autocrine

Which cytokine might be given therapeutically to a patient with severe anemia? -Erythropoietin -IL-4 -TGF-beta -Interferon-alpha

Erythropoietin

What is a main function of chemokines? -Enhance synthesis of acute-phase reactants -Establish a concentration gradient to guide cell movement -Protect cells from viral invasion -Inhibit the immune response

Establish a concentration gradient to guide cell movement

IL-3, IL-7, and GM-CSF are all involved in: -macrophage killing -hematopoiesis -T-cell cytotoxicity -suppressing inflammation

Hematopoiesis

A patient is receiving anti-IL-1 therapy to reduce inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Based on what you know about IL-1, what potential side effects would be associated with this treatment? -increased numbers of B cells -hypotension -elevated body temperature -increased risk of infection

Increased risk of infection

Select the statement that best describes the action of IL-1. -Increases production of IgE -Increases synthesis of acute-phase reactants -Increases proliferation of Th2 cells. -Inhibits antigen presentation by macrophages

Increases synthesis of acute-phase reactants

Which cells are primary producers of IL-1? -T helper cells -Macrophages -Cytotoxic T cells -B cells

Macrophages

When IL-2 acts on T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells, this is an example of: -pleiotropy -antagonism -redundancy -synergy

Pleiotropy

What is the function of IL-17 in the innate immune response? -Producing IFN-g to stimulate C8+ T cells -Recruiting neutrophils to the site of infection -Inducing expression of IL-2 by Th1 cells -Stimulating Th2 cells to produce IL-4

Recruiting neutrophils to the site of infection

Multiple cytokines are activated to cause similar biological effects. What is this process called? -Redundancy -Pleiotropy -Synergism -Antagonism

Redundancy

Which type of cytokine acts as the best defense against gram-negative bacteria? -TGF-beta -IL-2 -TNF -IL-5

TNF

Characteristics of cytokines include which of the following? -They are polysaccharides. -They are produced primarily by the liver. -They are directly cytotoxic to bacteria. -They are chemical messengers that regulate the immune system.

They are chemical messengers that regulate the immune system.

Erythropoietin regulates: -bone marrow cell differentiation. -proinflammatory cytokine synthesis. -the acute-phase response. -T-cell function.

bone marrow cell differentiation.

Acute cardiovascular shock, multi-organ failure, and death are sometimes not directly mediated by bacterial toxins but rather by: -excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines. -IL-10. -complement deficiency. -hyperactive Th2 cells.

excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines.

The primary function of colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) is to promote: -apoptosis. -diapedesis. -hematopoiesis. -lysis.

hematopoiesis.

A protein released from a virally infected cell that protects other cells from viral invasion best describes: -interferon-alpha. -IL-4. -IL-3. -TNF.

interferon-alpha.

A cytokine "storm" is a: -cytokine-mediated invasion of an infected wound by leukocytes. -systemic transfer of reactive macrophages induced by cytokines. -massive, pathological overproduction of cytokines that contributes to pathogenesis. -psychological response to cytokines that bind hypothalamic receptors.

massive, pathological overproduction of cytokines that contributes to pathogenesis.

Cytokines exhibit pleiotropy, which refers to: -one cytokine inhibiting the activity of another cytokine. -multiple cytokines affecting the same cell. -one cytokine affecting multiple cells. -cytokines acting together to affect a cell

one cytokine affecting multiple cells.

The main target of IL-3 is: -macrophages. -stem cells. -antigen-activated B cells. -antigen-activated T cells.

stem cells.


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