Exam 2 Practice Questions

The nurse instructs a pt with hypothyroidism who takes levothyroxin 100 mcg, dig and simvastatin. Which of the following regarding medications if effective if the pt makes which of the following statements

I will take my synthroid before breakfast and the other medications 4 hours later

What pt is at the greatest risk for UTI? a. 18 yr old sexually active female b. 23 yr old sexually active female c. 35 yr old sexually active female d. 50 yr old sexually active female

d

Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for a client with Addison's disease? a. Urinary retention b. Excessive fluid volume c. Hypothermia d. Risk for infection

d

Which of the following terms describes the involuntary flapping movements of the hands associated with metabolic liver dysfunction? a. Dialysis b. Ascites c. Paracentesis d. Asterixis

d

Which term refers to the progressive increase in blood glucose from bedtime to morning? a. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) b. Somogyi effect c. Dawn phenomenon d. Insulin waning

d

Which statements are true regarding U T I's? Select all that apply. A. Urinary tract infections are more common in women because of the close proximity of the urethra, vagina, and rectum. B. Sexual intercourse does not increase the risk for U T I's. C. It is more common for males to develop a U T I because of the length of the urethra. D. Sexual intercourse increases the risk for a U T I. E. Flank pain is a symptom of lower U T I's

A, D

A nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism about diet therapy. After discussing foods that the client should eat, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the client states which food as being appropriate? Select all that apply. a. refined white bread b. egg yolks c. Spinach d. fish e. broccoli

A, D, E

The nurse recognizes Heather's urinalysis is suspicious for a U T I by the presence of the following: Select all that apply. A. Ketones B. White blood cells C. Bacteria D. Bilirubin E. Protein

B, C

The nurse correlates which common signs to the presence a lower UTI? Select all that apply A. Fever B. Dysuria C. Frequency D. Hematuria E. Nausea

B, C, D

Which of the following physiologic processes is NOT performed in the small intestine? A. Breakdown of fats into absorbable particles B. Breakdown of carbohydrates into simple sugars C. Reabsorption of water and electrolytes D. Peristalsis

C

A pt with T1 DM is eating breakfast at 0730. The physician has ordered blood sugars to be checked q AC and HS and has prescribed sliding scale insulin. The pts BS prior to eating was 317 mg/dL. Which of the following insulins would the nurse prepare to administer

Lispro (Humalog)

Which statement best describes the scientific rationale for prescribing biguanide metformin?

Metformin will decrease the hepatic production of glucose from stored glycogen

Which medications would concern the nurse most for a pt taking sulfonureas?

Metroprolol, a beta blocker

Insulin glargine (lantus) is prescribed for a hospitalized pt who is diabetic. When will the nurse administer this drug

One daily at the same time each day

A nurse is caring for a pt with IBD and is being treated with loperamide. Which of the following would indicate to the nurse that teaching is effective

The pt reports a decrease in diarrhea stools

Which of the following indicates that the pts synthroid dose is effective

The pt reports improved temperature tolerance

The nurse should tell the pt to do which of the following when teaching the pt about taking oral glucs?

Taking NSAIDs at the same time will increase the chance of gastric ulcers

Is the following statement true or false? Serum bilirubin levels would be among the most relevant laboratory findings for a patient who has jaundice.

True

A 35-year-old female client who complains of weight gain, facial hair, absent menstruation, frequent bruising, and acne is diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome. Cushing's syndrome is most likely caused by: a. a corticotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma. b. adrenal carcinoma. c. an ectopic corticotropin-secreting tumor. d. an inborn error of metabolism.

a

A client informs the nurse that he has been having abdominal pain that is relieved when having a bowel movement. The client states that the physician told him he has irritable bowel syndrome. What does the nurse recognize as characteristic of this disorder? a. Chronic constipation with sporadic bouts of diarrhea b. Blood and mucus in the stool c. Weight loss due to malabsorption d. Client is awakened from sleep due to abdominal pain.

a

A client is scheduled for a creatinine clearance test. The nurse should explain that this test is done to assess the kidneys' ability to remove a substance from the plasma in: a. 1 minute. b. 30 minutes. c. 1 hour. d. 24 hours.

a

The nurse is assessing a patient upon admission to the hospital. What significant nursing assessment data is relevant to renal function? Select all that apply. a. The patient's occupation b. Any voiding disorders c. The presence of hypertension or diabetes d. The patient's financial status e. The ability of the patient to manage activities of daily living

a, b, c

The nurse is providing care for a patient whose cancer has metastasized to her small intestine. What does the small intestine do? Select all that apply. a. Secretion b. Movement of nutrients into the blood stream. c. Absorption d. Creation of human waste products e. Reabsorption of water to maintain blood pressure

a, b, c

A client is scheduled for a CT scan of the abdomen with contrast. The client has a baseline creatinine level of 2.3 mg/dL (203 µmol/L). In preparing this client for the procedure, the nurse anticipates what orders? a. Hemodialysis immediately prior to the CT scan b. Preprocedure hydration and administration of acetylcysteine c. Obtain a creatinine clearance by collecting a 24-hour urine specimen. d. Monitor the client's electrolyte values every hour before the procedure.

b

A client presents to the emergency department with complaints of acute GI distress, bloody diarrhea, weight loss, and fever. Which condition in the family history is most pertinent to the client's current health problem? a. Hypertension b. Ulcerative colitis c. Gastroesophageal reflux disease d. Appendicitis

b

The nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client with hyperthyroidism who has been treated with radioactive iodine at an outpatient clinic. The nurse instructs the client to a. discontinue all antithyroid medications. b. monitor for symptoms of hypothyroidism. c. continue radioactive precautions with all body secretions. d. watch for symptoms of hyperthyroidism to disappear within 1 week.

b

The nurse is teaching a client about the dietary restrictions related to his diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. What foods should the nurse encourage the client to avoid? a. Hamburger b. Milk c. Chicken livers d. Bananas

b

The nurse knows that which of the following body parts explains why cystitis is more common in women? a. The rectum b. The urethra c. The ureters d. The bladder

b

The nurse knows to advise the patient with hyperparathyroidism that he or she should be aware of signs of the common complication of: a. Gastric esophageal reflex b. Kidney Stones c. Bone fractures d. Heart palpitations

b

What intervention does the nurse anticipate providing for the patient with ascites that will help correct the decrease in effective arterial blood volume that leads to sodium retention? a. Diuretic therapy b. Albumin infusion c. Therapeutic paracentesis d. Platelet infusions

b

When thyroid hormone is administered for prolonged hypothyroidism for a patient, what should the nurse monitor for? a. Depression b. Angina c. Hypoglycemia d. Mental confusion

b

Which term refers to inflammation of the renal pelvis? a. Interstitial nephritis b. Pyelonephritis c. Cystitis d. Urethritis

b

A nurse is teaching a client recovering from addisonian crisis about the need to take fludrocortisone acetate and hydrocortisone at home. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions? a. "I'll take my hydrocortisone in the late afternoon, before dinner." b. "I'll take all of my hydrocortisone in the morning, right after I wake up." c. "I'll take two-thirds of the dose when I wake up and one-third in the late afternoon." d. "I'll take the entire dose at bedtime."

c

The nurse is reviewing the client's lab results. Which lab result requires follow up by the nurse? Select all that apply. a. Urine specific gravity 1.020 b. BUN 28 mg/dL c. Urine: RBC 20 d. Serum creatinine 0.8 mg/dL e. Urine: WBC 1

b, c

Which of the following is a proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)? Select all that apply. a. Nizatidine (Axid) b. Lansoprazole (Prevacid) c. Rabeprazole (AcipHex) d. Famotidine (Pepcid) e. Esomeprazole (Nexium

b, c, e

A 59-year-old patient is being assessed for hypoparathyroidism. The nurse should anticipate that this patient is likely to require what diagnostic test? a. CT of the abdomen b. 24-hour urine c. Bone density testing d. Cardiac stress testing

c

A nurse is caring for a client who is in the diuresis phase of acute kidney injury. The nurse should closely monitor the client for what complication during this phase? a. Acute flank pain b. Hypokalemia c. Dehydration d. Hypocalcemia

c

A nursing assessment of a client with peritonitis reveals hypotension, tachycardia, and signs and symptoms of dehydration. What else would the nurse expect to find? a. rectal bleeding and a change in bowel habits b. jaundice and vomiting c. severe abdominal pain with direct palpation or rebound tenderness d. tenderness and pain in the right upper abdominal quadrant

c

A patient is having a problem with retention of urine in the bladder. Which of the following diagnostic tests measures the amount of residual urine in the bladder? a. IV urography b. Cystography c. Bladder ultrasonography d. Nuclear scan

c

Hypophysectomy is the treatment of choice for which endocrine disorder? a. Acromegaly b. Hyperthyroidism c. Cushing syndrome d. Pheochromocytoma

c

In a client with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which assessment finding provides the best indication of urinary retention? a. Dribbling b. Hesitancy c. Frequency d. Urgency

c

Which of the following is accurate regarding regional enteritis? a. No narrowing of the colon b. Severe bleeding c. Fistulas are common d. Severe diarrhea

c

The nurse is providing care for a client whose peptic ulcer disease will be treated with a Billroth I procedure (gastroduodenostomy). The nurse should address which of the following topics when providing health education? Select all that apply. a. The client can resume a usual diet in 3 to 5 weeks b. Part of the client's stomach and colon will be removed c. The procedure carries a risk for dumping syndrome d. The client's vagus nerve may be altered e. The client is likely to require long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN)

c, d

A 59-year-old woman with a recent history of heartburn, regurgitation, and occasional dysphagia has been diagnosed with a sliding hiatal hernia following an upper GI series. The nurse is providing patient education about the management of this health problem. What should the nurse suggest as a management strategy to this patient? a. Minimizing her intake of highly spiced foods and dairy products b. Drinking one to two glasses of water before and after each meal c. Abstaining from alcohol d. Remaining upright for at least 1 hour following each meal

d

Diet therapy for clients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) includes: a. caffeinated products. b. fluids with meals. c. spicy foods. d. high-fiber diet.

d

Which condition or laboratory result supports a diagnosis of pyelonephritis? a. Ketonuria b. Low white blood cell (WBC) count c. Myoglobinuria d. Pyuria

a

Which of the following herbal remedies is used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)? a. Saw palmetto b. Green tea c. Ginkgo d. Garlic

a

A female client is undergoing a bladder training program as treatment for urinary incontinence. Which technique would be the most appropriate for the nurse to suggest? a. Performing Kegel exercises b. Taking warm sitz baths c. Reducing fluid intake d. Attempting to hold the urine for five minutes until the sensation is felt

a

A nurse has been asked to speak to a local women's group about preventing cystitis. Which of the following would the nurse include in the presentation? a. Need to urinate after engaging in sexual intercourse b. Suggestion to take tub baths instead of showers c. Need to wear underwear made from synthetic material d. Importance of urinating every 4 to 6 hours while awake

a

On assessment of a patient with early-stage hypothyroidism, the nurse practitioner assesses for a vague yet significant sign which is: a. Paresthesia b. Hypothermia c. Bradypnea d. Hypotension

a

The nurse is educating a patient about preparation for an IV urography. What should the nurse be sure to include in the preparation instructions? a. The patient may have liquids before the test. b. A liquid restriction for 8 to 10 hours before the test is required c. The patient will have enemas until the urine is clear. d. The patient is restricted from eating or drinking from midnight until after the test.

a

The nurse is reviewing the results of a urinalysis on a client with acute pyelonephritis. Which of the following would the nurse most likely expect to find? a. Pyuria b. High specific gravity c. Absent proteinuria d. Slightly acidic pH

a

The nurse is working in a diagnostic testing unit focusing on gastrointestinal studies. For which testing procedure is the nurse correct to assess the gag reflex before offering fluids? a. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy b. Colonoscopy c. Sigmoidoscopy d. Peritoneoscopy

a

A patient has been diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome. The nurse would expect which of the following features to be present upon physical examination? Select all that apply. a. Thin extremities b. "Buffalo hump" c. Truncal obesity d. "Moon face" e. Purple striae

a, b, c, d, e

Enlargement of the prostate causes which of the following to occur? Select all that apply. a. Frequency b. Oliguria c. Polyuria d. Obstruction of urine flow e. Anuria

a, b, d, e

The lowest fasting plasma glucose level suggestive of a diagnosis of diabetes is: a. 126 mg/dL b. 115 mg/dL c. 90 mg/dL d. 189 mg/dL

b

Medical management of BPH includes pharmacologic therapy. Which of the following medications would the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe for this diagnosis? a. Analgesic b. Antispasmodic c. Alpha-adrenergic blocker d. Diuretic

c

A nurse is gathering equipment and preparing to assist with a sterile bedside procedure to withdraw fluid from a client's abdomen. The procedure tray contains the following equipment: trocar, syringe, needles, and drainage tube. The client is placed in he high Fowler position and a blood pressure cuff is secured around the arm in preparation for which procedure? a. Dialysis b. Liver biopsy c. Abdominal ultrasound d. Paracentesis

d

During a colonoscopy with moderate sedation, the patient groans with obvious discomfort and begins bleeding from the rectum. The patient is diaphoretic and has an increase in abdominal girth from distention. What complication of this procedure is the nurse aware may be occurring? a. Colonic polyp b. Infection c. Rectal fissure d. Bowel perforation

d

The most common cause of hypothyroidism is which of the following? a. Antithyroid medications b. Thyroidectomy c. Radioiodine therapy d. Autoimmune thyroiditis

d

A patient has been diagnosed with postrenal failure. The nurse reviews the patient's electronic health record and notes a possible cause. Which of the following is the possible cause? a. Renal calculi b. Dysrhythmias c. Acute pyelonephritis d. Osmotic dieresis.

a

A patient with a small bowel obstruction has had a Levin tube inserted and is admitted to a medical unit. The nurse who is caring for this patient is now checking that the wall suction settings are correct and should anticipate which of the following settings? a. Intermittent low suction b. Intermittent high suction c. Continuous low suction d. Continuous high suction

a

An older adult female client has been complaining of sleeping more, increased urination, anorexia, weakness, irritability, depression, and bone pain that interferes with her going outdoors. Based on these assessment findings, the nurse should suspect which disorder? a. Hyperparathyroidism b. Diabetes insipidus c. Hypoparathyroidism d. Diabetes mellitus

a

One of a hospital patient's scheduled 08:00 medications is finasteride (Proscar), a 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor that the nurse recognizes as a treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The nurse should be aware that this drug achieves a therapeutic effect by: a. Inhibiting the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone b. Increasing the osmolality of urine, facilitating easier passage through the urethra c. Relaxing the smooth muscle of the bladder neck and prostate d. Increasing the tone of the bladder's detrusor muscle

a

The nurse is closely monitoring the blood work of a patient who has a diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. The nurse should be aware that the fluid and electrolyte disturbances associated with this disease create a significant risk of what problems? a. Renal calculi and urinary obstruction b. Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism c. Metabolic acidosis and cardiac ischemia d. Fluid volume overload and pruritus

a

A client is admitted with nephrolithiasis. What symptoms does the nurse expect the client to experience? Select all that apply. a. Hematuria b. Elevated temperature c. Difficulty starting a urine stream d. Suprapubic pain e. Constipation

a, b, c, d

The nurse is preparing to collect an ordered urine sample for urinalysis. The nurse should be aware that this test will include what assessment parameters? Select all that apply. a. Microscopic examination of urine sediment for casts b. Specific gravity of the client's urine c. Testing for the presence of glucose in the client's urine d. Testing for BUN and creatinine in the client's urine e. Microscopic examination of urine sediment for RBCs

a, b, c, e

A client with a history of hyperparathyroidism comes to the emergency department complaining of extreme muscle weakness, vomiting, and bone pain. The client is diagnosed with hypercalcemic crisis. When providing care, the nurse would most likely administer which intervention if ordered? Select all that apply. a. phosphate therapy b. large volumes of IV fluids c. calcium gluconate d. diuretics e. propylthiouracil

a, b, d

A nurse is caring for a client with Cushing's syndrome. Which interventions would the nurse include in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply. a. Report systolic BP greater than 139 mm Hg or diastolic BP greater than 89 mm Hg. b. Examine extremities for pitting edema. c. Provide a high sodium diet. d. Monitor weight. e. Administer prescribed diuretics.

a, b, d, e

A patient is having diagnostic testing for suspected hyperthyroidism. Which of the following diagnostics correlate with this endocrine disorder? Select all that apply. a. Increase in radioactive iodine uptake b. Increased T4 c. Increases in serum TSH d. Decrease in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) e. Increased T3

a, b, d, e

Thyroid storm is a severe form of hyperthyroidism that can be fatal if not treated. Medical management includes pharmacotherapy. Which of the following drugs have proved helpful? Select all that apply. a. Hydrocortisone b. Iodine c. Salicylates d. Acetaminophen e. Methimazole

a, b, d, e

Which nursing intervention can help the client prevent urinary incontinence? Select all that apply. a. Remind the client to empty the bladder every 2 to 3 hours. b. Instruct the client to increase consumption of caffeine. c. Instruct the client how to perform Kegel exercises. d. Administer hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) after 4 pm. e. Instruct the client to use a bedpan frequently.

a, c

The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of discharge teaching for a client with an oxalate urinary stone. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching by the nurse? Select all that apply. a. "I'm so glad that I don't have to make changes in my diet." b. "I need to drink 8-10 glasses of water every day." c. "I will never have another urinary stone again." d. "I need to take allopurinol" e. "Tylenol is best to control my pain"

a, c, d, e

The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease about how to make the necessary dietary changes to decrease acid secretion. The client demonstrates understanding of the information by identifying the need to avoid which substance? Select all that apply. a. creamy sauces b. water c. decaffeinated coffee d. carbonated water e. milk products

a, c, e

A client is diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease secondary to NSAID use. When preparing this client's plan of care, which medication would the nurse anticipate being prescribed? Select all that apply. a. famotidine b. sucralfate c. ampicillin d. bismuth e. omeprazole

a, e

A nurse is caring for a pt with a fluid & electrolyte imbalance. What urine specific gravity would the nurse expect to measure? a. 1.028 b. 1.000 c. 1.008 d. 1.018

a. 1.028 Rationale: Normal urine specific gravity levels are 1.005-1.025

A client with type 1 diabetes is scheduled to receive 30 units of 70/30 insulin. There is no 70/30 insulin available. As a substitution, the nurse may give the client: a. 21 units regular insulin and 9 units NPH. b. 9 units regular insulin and 21 units neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH). c. 20 units regular insulin and 10 units NPH. d. 10 units regular insulin and 20 units NPH.

b

A female patient visits her primary health care provider with a complaint of frequency of urination and incontinence when she sneezes. The health care provider suspects the patient is experiencing cystitis. The nurse knows that this is most likely due to which of the following? a. Dysfunction of the bladder neck or urethra. b. Reflux of urine from the urethra into the bladder c. Disturbance in the normal bacterial flora of the vagina d. Interruption in the protective effect of glycosaminoglycan

b

A nurse caring for a client with small-bowel obstruction should plan to implement which nursing intervention first? a. Preparing to insert a nasogastric (NG) tube b. Administering I.V. fluids c. Obtaining a blood sample for laboratory studies d. Administering pain medication

b

A patient comes to the bariatric clinic to obtain information about bariatric surgery. The nurse assesses the obese patient knowing that, in addition to meeting the criterion of morbid obesity, a candidate for bariatric surgery must also demonstrate what? a. Positive body image and high self-esteem b. Emotional stability and understanding of required lifestyle changes. c. Insight into why their past weight loss efforts failed d. Knowledge of the causes of obesity and its associated risks

b

Endoscopy of a 60-year-old woman has revealed the presence of an esophageal peptic ulcer. The nurse who is providing this woman's care is assessing for risk factors that may have contributed to the development of this disease. What question most directly addresses these risk factors? a. "Have you been prone to infections over the past few years?" b. "Have you ever been diagnosed with reflux?" c. "Do you consider yourself to have a healthy diet?" d. "Do you ever find it difficult to swallow certain foods?"

b

Health teaching for a patient with diabetes who is prescribed Humulin N, an intermediate NPH insulin, would include which of the following advice? a. "Your insulin will begin to act in 15 minutes." b. "You should take your insulin after you eat breakfast and dinner." c. "Your insulin will last 8 hours, and you will need to take it three times a day." d. "You should expect your insulin to reach its peak effectiveness by 12 noon if you take it at 8:00 AM."

b

The nurse is admitting a client with a diagnosis of diverticulitis and assesses that the client has a board-like abdomen, no bowel sounds, and reports of severe abdominal pain. What is the nurse's first action? a. Start an IV with lactated Ringer's solution. b. Notify the health care provider. c. Administer a retention enema. d. Administer an opioid analgesic.

b

The nurse is caring for a client with cirrhosis. Which assessment findings indicate that the client has deficient vitamin K absorption caused by this hepatic disease? a. Dyspnea and fatigue b. Purpura and petechiae c. Gynecomastia and testicular atrophy d. Ascites and orthopnea

b

The nurse is caring for several older clients. For which client would the nurse be especially alert for signs and symptoms of pyelonephritis? a. A female client with preexisting chronic glomerulonephritis b. A client with urinary obstruction c. A client with a urinary tumor d. A client with acute renal failure

b

A nurse is providing education to a client with GERD. The client asks what measures can be taken independently to help reduce the symptoms. Which interventions would the nurse recommend? Select all that apply. a. sleeping in a supine position b. avoiding foods that intensify symptoms c. ensuring intake of food and fluids 2 to 3 hours before bedtime d. maintaining an upright position following meals

b, d

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local community group about peptic ulcer disease and the two major types. When comparing the potential risk factors associated with duodenal and gastric ulcers, which factor would the nurse include as being associated with both types? Select all that apply. a. cirrhosis b. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection c. NSAID use d. cigarette smoking e. alcohol use

b, d, e

A client has just been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The health care provider has prescribed an oral antidiabetic agent that will inhibit the production of glucose by the liver and thereby aid in the control of blood glucose. What type of oral antidiabetic agent did the health care provider prescribe for this client? a. A thiazolidinedione b. A sulfonylurea c. A biguanide d. An alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

c

A client is admitted to the hospital with a prerenal disorder, a nonurologic condition that disrupts renal blood flow to the nephrons, affecting their filtering ability. One cause of prerenal acute kidney injury is: a. myoglobinuria secondary to burns b. ureteral stricture c. anaphylaxis d. polycystic disease

c

A client is transferred to a rehabilitation center after being treated in the hospital for a stroke. Because the client has a history of Cushing's syndrome (hypercortisolism) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of: a. Decreased cardiac output related to hypotension secondary to Cushing's syndrome. b. Risk for imbalanced fluid volume related to excessive sodium loss. c. Risk for impaired skin integrity related to tissue catabolism secondary to cortisol hypersecretion. d. Ineffective health maintenance related to frequent hypoglycemic episodes secondary to Cushing's syndrome.

c

A client with Addison's disease has a blood glucose level above 80 mg/dL 30 minutes after receiving 15 g of carbohydrates for symptoms of hypoglycemia. Which of the following would the nurse do now? a. Check the client's blood glucose level before each meal. b. Inform the physician immediately. c. Give the client milk and graham crackers. d. Instruct the client to remain in bed

c

A client with decreased urine output refractory to fluid challenges is evaluated for renal failure. Which condition may cause the intrinsic (intrarenal) form of acute renal failure? a. Poor perfusion to the kidneys b. Damage to cells in the adrenal cortex c. Nephrotoxic injury secondary to use of contrast media c. Obstruction of the urinary collecting system

c

A client with morbid obesity and a history of severe sleep apnea and severe diabetes is being considered for bariatric surgery. When reviewing the client's medical record, the nurse would identify that which body mass index (BMI) would meet the criteria for such surgery? a. 32 kg/m2 b. 30kg/m2 c. 36 kg/m2 d. 34 kg/m2

c

A client with morbid obesity is being scheduled for malabsorptive bariatric surgery. The nurse would provide teaching about which procedure? a. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass b. sleeve gastrectomy c. biliopancreatic diversion d. gastric banding

c

A client with thyroid cancer has undergone surgery and a significant amount of parathyroid tissue has been removed. The nurse caring for the client should prioritize what question when addressing potential complications? a. "Are you experiencing any dizziness or lightheadedness?" b. "Do you feel flushed or sweaty?" c. "Do you feel any muscle twitches or spasms?" d. "Are you having any pain that seems to be radiating from your bones?"

c

A nurse is assessing a client and obtains the following findings: abdominal discomfort, mild diarrhea, blood pressure of 100/80 mm Hg, pulse rate of 88 beats/minute, respiratory rate of 20 breaths/minute, temperature 100° F (37.8° C). What diagnosis will the nurse suspect for this client? a. colorectal cancer b. liver failure c. inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) d. diverticulitis

c

A patient with irritable bowel syndrome has been having more frequent symptoms lately and is not sure what lifestyle changes may have occurred. What suggestion can the nurse provide to identify a trigger for the symptoms? a. Document how much fluid is being taken to determine if the patient is overhydrating. b. Discontinue the use of any medication presently being taken to determine if medication is a trigger. c. Keep a 1- to 2-week symptom and food diary to identify food triggers. d. Begin an exercise regimen and biofeedback to determine if external stress is a trigger.

c

Nursing care for a client in addisonian crisis should include which intervention? a. Offering extra blankets and raising the heat in the room to keep the client warm b. Encouraging independence with activities of daily living (ADLs) c. Placing the client in a private room d. Allowing ambulation as tolerated

c

The nurse auscultates a bruit over the thyroid glands. What does the nurse understand is the significance of this finding? a. The patient may have hypothyroidism. b. The patient may have thyroiditis. c. The patient may have hyperthyroidism. d. The patient may have Cushing disease.

c

The nurse is preparing to perform an abdominal assessment of a newly admitted patient. When performing an abdominal assessment, what examination sequence should the nurse follow? a. Inspection, percussion, palpation, and auscultation b. Inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation c. Inspection, auscultation, palpation, and percussion d. Inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation

c

When caring for a client who's being treated for hyperthyroidism, the nurse should: a. encourage the client to be active to prevent constipation. b. provide extra blankets and clothing to keep the client warm. c. balance the client's periods of activity and rest. d. monitor the client for signs of restlessness, sweating, and excessive weight loss during thyroid replacement therapy.

c

When instructing a client diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism about diet, the nurse should stress the importance of: a. restricting potassium. b. restricting sodium. c. encouraging fluids. d. restricting fluids.

c

Which factor should be checked when evaluating the effectiveness of an alpha-adrenergic blocker given to a client with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)? a. Creatinine clearance b. Size of the prostate c. Voiding pattern d. Serum testosterone level

c

Which findings should a nurse expect to assess in client with Hashimoto's thyroiditis? a. Weight gain, increased urination, and purplish-red striae b. Weight loss, increased appetite, and hyperdefecation c. Weight gain, decreased appetite, and constipation d. Weight loss, increased urination, and increased thirst

c

Which of the following diagnostic studies definitely confirms the presence of ascites? a. Abdominal x-ray b. Colonoscopy c. Ultrasound of liver and abdomen d. Computed tomography of abdomen

c

While preparing a client for an upper GI endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy), the nurse should implement which interventions? Choose all that apply. a. Tell the client he must be on a clear liquid diet for 24 hours before the procedure. b. Administer a preparation to cleanse the GI tract, such as Golytely or Fleets Phospha-Soda. c. Tell the client he shouldn't eat or drink for 6 to 12 hours before the procedure. d. Inform the client that he will receive a sedative before the procedure. e. Tell the client that he may eat and drink immediately after the procedure.

c, d

A client is admitted for suspected GI disease. Assessment data reveal muscle wasting, a decrease in chest and axillary hair, and increased bleeding tendency. The nurse suspects the client has: a. peptic ulcer disease. b. cholelithiasis. c. appendicitis. d. cirrhosis.

d

A client is diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which statement indicates effective client teaching about hiatal hernia and its treatment? a. "I'll eat three large meals every day without any food restrictions." b. "I'll gradually increase the amount of heavy lifting I do." c. "I'll lie down immediately after a meal." d. "I'll eat frequent, small, bland meals that are high in fiber."

d

A client with a recent diagnosis of hypothyroidism is being treated for an unrelated injury. When administering medications to the client, the nurse should know that the client's diminished thyroid function may have what effect? a. Anaphylaxis b. Nausea and vomiting c. Increased risk of drug interactions d. Prolonged duration of effect

d

A client with type 1 diabetes has been on a regimen of multiple daily injection therapy. He's being converted to continuous subcutaneous insulin therapy via an insulin pump. While teaching the client about continuous subcutaneous insulin therapy, the nurse should tell him that the regimen includes the use of: a. short- and long-acting insulins. b. intermediate- and long-acting insulins. c. short- and intermediate-acting insulins. d. rapid-acting insulin only.

d

A client with type 1 diabetes reports waking up in the middle of the night feeling nervous and confused, with tremors, sweating, and a feeling of hunger. Morning fasting blood glucose readings have been 110 to 140 mg/dL. The client admits to exercising excessively and skipping meals over the past several weeks. Based on these symptoms, the nurse plans to instruct the client to a. eat a complex carbohydrate snack in the evening before bed. b. skip the evening neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin dose on days when exercising and skipping meals. c. administer an increased dose of neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin in the evening. d. check blood glucose at 3:00 a.m.

d

A client's health history is suggestive of inflammatory bowel disease. Which of the following would suggest Crohn's disease, rather than ulcerative colitis, as the cause of the client's signs and symptoms? a. Severe diarrhea b. Involvement of the rectal mucosa c. A pattern of distinct exacerbations and remissions d. An absence of blood in stool

d

A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing a diagnostic workup for a suspected gastrointestinal problem. The client reports gnawing epigastric pain following meals and heartburn. What would the nurse suspect this client has? a. appendicitis b. diverticulitis c. ulcerative colitis d. peptic ulcer disease

d

The nurse caring for a client with diverticulitis is preparing to administer the client's medications. The nurse anticipates administration of which category of medication because of the client's diverticulitis? a. Anti-inflammatory b. Antianxiety c. Antiemetic d. Antispasmodic

d

The nurse is preparing the procedure room for a client who will undergo an intravenous pyelogram. Which item(s) should the nurse include? a. Dressings and tape b. Antihypertensive agents c. Padded tongue blades d. Suction equipment

d

The nurse is providing care to a client who has had a percutaneous liver biopsy. The nurse would monitor the client for which of the following? a. Return of the gag reflex b. Intake and output c. Passage of stool d. Signs and symptoms of bleeding

d

The results of a barium enema, colonoscopy, and fecal occult blood testing have resulted in a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) for a male patient who is obese and who acknowledges an unhealthy lifestyle. What patient education should the nurse provide to this man in an effort to control his symptoms of IBS? a. "Try eating five or six small meals each day rather than three larger meals." b. "It would greatly help your IBS if you could lose some weight." c. "Using an over-the-counter stool softener each day could help stabilize your bowels." d. "I'd encourage you to cut out cigarettes and alcohol from your routine."

d