Exam 2 Review

what are the 5 stages of motivational interviewing

*Moving at own pace* Precontempaltion: not considering changing their behavior, dont see it as a problem Contemplation: Aware of the consequences, not really sure I want to sure; being in the middle Preparation: Intent upon taking action; deciding to change Action: actively changing behaviors.Goal on working on problem; even if there is a lapse Maintenance: Made progress, still doing certain things to avoid falling back

What is an antecedent leading individuals with kleptomania to engage in stealing behavior?

A feeling of internal tension that is alleviated after stealing Going into the certain setting

what is differential diagnosis?

A method of analyzing a clinets history/ presenting problems/ maintaining mechanisms/ ets, to ensure an arrival at the correct diagnosis.

what is a precipitating factor?

A specific event or trigger to the onset of the current problem Immediate trigger

What is one pharmalagocial treatment for substance use disroders?

Agnoist or substitution therapy: gives some similar effect of the drug Antagonist: opposite effect Punishment: makes you sick when you drink

what is cognitive delusion

An ACT technique that helps an individual separate from their thoughts and emotions

Why is exercies addiciton conceptualized as going beyond impulsive and compulsive behavior?

Choose to exercise despite knowing the negative consequences Exercise to alleviate negative affect or gain positive affect

what are three motivational interviewing tools?

Develop discrepancy Express empathy Roll with resistance Envision Avoid classialy conditioned stimuli

what are three tools utilized with cognitive behavioral therapy?

Exposure therapy Cognitive restructering Idnetifying cognitive distortions Journaling; tracking thoughts and behaviors Coping skills; breathing exercises

How effective is DARE? What are two reasons why it works/doesnt work?

Minimal impact Uses scare tactics, oesnt work well Poor research - the goals were not well aligned with a decrease in problematic drug us

What is one critque against the conceptualization and creation of a formal diagnosis of food addiction?

Overlap with BED, an existing disorder We do not know exactly which food has addictive potential

what is the difference between primary, secondary and tertiary prevention strategies?

Primary: before it happens; never used a drug Secondary: before we have a serious problem; those whom have tried a drug Tertiary: prevent from worsening in those with a severe problems ; those with a substance use disorder (SUD)

provide an example of both positive and negative reinforcement

Reinforcement = behavior I want to see occurs Punishment = behavior I dont want to see occurs Positive: adding something; rewards negative: taking something aways; Adding desired stimulus after a behvaior and removing an undesired stimulus after a behavior to increas the behaviors occurrence

what is a false positive?

Saying a disoreder is present when it is not

What are two (of the many) components of AA?

Slogans Exposrure: sharing one's experience Getting active: sponsors, meetings, peers Abstinence 12 steps

What is an apparently irrelevant decision?

Small seemingly minor thoughts and actions that increase risk of lapse

what is compulsive behavior

Stereotyped behaviors carried out to alleviate/decrease negative affect

what is one critique of behavioral addictions?

The research is a priori The etiological and matinaitng meachnsams are not fully elucidated Wary of overpatholoizing

what is psychological dependence

The rewarding properties (emotinal, mental, psychological) of a drug use/behvaiors are a dirving force in addiction

What are three shared symptoms insubstance and behavioral addicitons?

Withdrawal Tolerance Use despitet problem Giving up important obligations

What are three factors we must consider when considering whether an individual behavior is a disgnosable mental health condition?

distress impairment culturally expected

which behavioral addictions is/are diagnosable in the DSM 5?

gambling disorder

abstinence violation

making a mistake once, and thinking I already messed up, so I might as well complete it since I started

which therapeutic approach emphasizes reflective listening?

motivational interviewing

what is one effective prevention strategy?

social skills training

What is an antecedent?

something that comes before