Exam 3 Ch 29

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How many basidiospores per basidia?

4

How many ascospores are present in each ascus?

8

How many strains of fungi do humans typically have?

9-23

Fruiting body of an asycomycete

Ascocarp

Ringworm, athlete's foot, jock itch and yeast infections are caused by which group of fungi?

Ascomycetes

What are lichens made up of?

Ascomycetes and a photoautotroph

In these two groups of fungi, dikaryotic cells divide by mitosis to form other dikaryotic cells

Ascomycetes and basidiomycetes

What group forms ectomychorrizae

Ascomycetes and basidiomycetes

Which groups have a dikaryotic stage in their lifecycle?

Ascomycetes and basiiomycetes

What are mushrooms

Basidiocarps

List some internal infections of fungi

Childhood asthma, histoplasmosis (lung infection caused by inhaled spores)

What makes up a fungal cell wall?

Chitin

Decomposers in damp soil and ponds

Chytrids

Pathogenic fungus responsible for declining amphibian populations

Chytrids

Which is the only fungal group to possess a single posterior flagellum

Chytrids

What function do zygomycetes have

Decaying plants/animals or soil decomposers

Which group does not exhibit sexual reproduction

Glomeromycetes

Are hyphae haploid or diploid?

Haploid

Ascomycetes produce ascospores (inside/outside) asci that line the (insides/outsides) or ascocarps.

Inside; inside

What are glomeromycetes?

Live entirely underground and form endomycorrhizae

Hyphae grow by (mitosis/meiosis) from single haploid spore to form _____________

Mitosis; mycelium

Most fungi are unicellular/multicellular?

Multicellular

Microsporida

Opportunistic pathogens that infect animals (zygomycota)

Basidiomycetes produce basidiospores that hang (inside/outside) basidia or on the gills of basidiocarps.

Outside

Fungi that are used as drugs

Penicillium notatum (penicillin), statins, cyclosporine

What fungi is added to make blue cheese, Brie, an Gorgonzola (and what group does it belong to)?

Penicillium; ascomycete

Most fungi reproduce (asexually/sexually)

Sexually

Synapomorphy of fungi

Single posterior flagellum in flagellate cells

Where are spores produced in fungi

Sporangia (aerial hyphae or complex fruiting body)

TF: spores are produced by meiosis in sexual reproduction and by mitosis in asexual reproduction

T

Body structure of yeast

Unicellular

What clade do fungi belong to?

Unikont/opisthokont

How are spores dispersed in fungi?

Wind, water, animals

examples of ascomycetes

Yeasts, food molds, mildews, morels, truffles

Which fungal group contains insect parasites?

Zygomycota

In sexual reproduction, zygomycota produce ______________(name of spores) that develop in _______________.

Zygospores; zygosporagia

Blastospores

asexual fungal spore produced by budding

Thallus

body of fungus

Five major groups of fungi

chytrids, zygomycetes, glomeromycetes, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes

Mycelium

densely branched network of the hyphae of a fungus

Plasmogamy

fusion of cytoplasm

karyogamy

fusion of nuclei

Which stage is dominant in a fungal life cycle (haploid/diploid/dikaryotic)?

haploid

Examples of basidiomycetes

mushrooms, puffballs, and shelf fungi


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