Exam 3 Ch 29
How many basidiospores per basidia?
4
How many ascospores are present in each ascus?
8
How many strains of fungi do humans typically have?
9-23
Fruiting body of an asycomycete
Ascocarp
Ringworm, athlete's foot, jock itch and yeast infections are caused by which group of fungi?
Ascomycetes
What are lichens made up of?
Ascomycetes and a photoautotroph
In these two groups of fungi, dikaryotic cells divide by mitosis to form other dikaryotic cells
Ascomycetes and basidiomycetes
What group forms ectomychorrizae
Ascomycetes and basidiomycetes
Which groups have a dikaryotic stage in their lifecycle?
Ascomycetes and basiiomycetes
What are mushrooms
Basidiocarps
List some internal infections of fungi
Childhood asthma, histoplasmosis (lung infection caused by inhaled spores)
What makes up a fungal cell wall?
Chitin
Decomposers in damp soil and ponds
Chytrids
Pathogenic fungus responsible for declining amphibian populations
Chytrids
Which is the only fungal group to possess a single posterior flagellum
Chytrids
What function do zygomycetes have
Decaying plants/animals or soil decomposers
Which group does not exhibit sexual reproduction
Glomeromycetes
Are hyphae haploid or diploid?
Haploid
Ascomycetes produce ascospores (inside/outside) asci that line the (insides/outsides) or ascocarps.
Inside; inside
What are glomeromycetes?
Live entirely underground and form endomycorrhizae
Hyphae grow by (mitosis/meiosis) from single haploid spore to form _____________
Mitosis; mycelium
Most fungi are unicellular/multicellular?
Multicellular
Microsporida
Opportunistic pathogens that infect animals (zygomycota)
Basidiomycetes produce basidiospores that hang (inside/outside) basidia or on the gills of basidiocarps.
Outside
Fungi that are used as drugs
Penicillium notatum (penicillin), statins, cyclosporine
What fungi is added to make blue cheese, Brie, an Gorgonzola (and what group does it belong to)?
Penicillium; ascomycete
Most fungi reproduce (asexually/sexually)
Sexually
Synapomorphy of fungi
Single posterior flagellum in flagellate cells
Where are spores produced in fungi
Sporangia (aerial hyphae or complex fruiting body)
TF: spores are produced by meiosis in sexual reproduction and by mitosis in asexual reproduction
T
Body structure of yeast
Unicellular
What clade do fungi belong to?
Unikont/opisthokont
How are spores dispersed in fungi?
Wind, water, animals
examples of ascomycetes
Yeasts, food molds, mildews, morels, truffles
Which fungal group contains insect parasites?
Zygomycota
In sexual reproduction, zygomycota produce ______________(name of spores) that develop in _______________.
Zygospores; zygosporagia
Blastospores
asexual fungal spore produced by budding
Thallus
body of fungus
Five major groups of fungi
chytrids, zygomycetes, glomeromycetes, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes
Mycelium
densely branched network of the hyphae of a fungus
Plasmogamy
fusion of cytoplasm
karyogamy
fusion of nuclei
Which stage is dominant in a fungal life cycle (haploid/diploid/dikaryotic)?
haploid
Examples of basidiomycetes
mushrooms, puffballs, and shelf fungi
