EXAM 3 GLOBAL HEALTH
Based on information from the "Charity Water" video, if you were planning to build a hand dug well and wanted it completed in 6 weeks, how much would it cost you? $500 $1000 $3000 $5000
$5000
What region is the largest water consumer? Asia South America Europe North America Africa
Asia
The world is not on track to meet the MDG target for access to improved water. True False
False
According to the video "The Girl Effect", a girl who marries at an early age could eventually be put at higher risk of getting and spreading: Diabetes HIV TB Poverty
HIV
Which risk factor is the 3rd highest risk factor for disease and disability and is a causal factor in more than 60 major types of disease and injuries? Unhealthy diet Physical inactivity Harmful alcohol use Tobacco use
Harmful alcohol use
Which of the following is the main cause of death for children under age 5? Neonatal period conditions Pneumonia Malaria Diarrhea HIV
Pneumonia
Match the environmental risk factors to disease. protein energy malnutrition diarrhea malaria COPD trachoma schistosomiasis lower respiratory infections cardiopulmonary disease
Water, sanitation & hygiene Water, sanitation & hygiene Water, sanitation & hygiene Indoor air pollution Indoor air pollution Outdoor air pollution Indoor air pollution
The lawsuit of Chevron in Ecuador may be considered the largest environmental lawsuit in history, according to the the transcript of the video on this case. True False
True
The basic vaccines in immunization programs in low and middle income countries include those against, EXCEPT: tuberculosis smallpox diphteria polio
Diphteria
Women can always bring enough water home to meet their family's basic daily need, even when roundtrip water collection time takes longer than 30 minutes. True False
False
You add one PUR packet to _____ of water. 2.5 gallons or 10 liters 5 gallons or 20 liters 10 gallons or 40 liters 6 galons or 12 liters
1.5 gallons or 10 liters
In the video "The Girl Effect", age ______ is identified as a turning point for a girl who lives in poverty. 2 5 12 16
12
When was the first case of AIDS reported in Thailand? 1981 1984 1991 1994
1984
Roughly what percentage of their time do women spend gathering water in rural Africa? 14% 26% 33% 45%
26%
Only ________% of reported rape cases result in prosecutions and convictions. 1 5 7 10
7
_______ children die every year before their fifth birth day 6,700,000 7,600,000 670,000 760,000
7,600,000
How many Millennium Development Goals were there? 1 2 4 8 16
8
What is the significance of the injuryrelated mortality rates in young people between the ages of 15 and 45 years, globally? Deaths due to unintentional injuries in this age group are negligible. The burden of deaths due to unintentional injuries continues to fall on the elderly. Almost half of all unintentional injury deaths occurred in this age group. These years are typically the most productive in an individual's life. Almost onethird of all unintentional injury deaths occurred in this age group. This high rate of deaths due to unintentional injury has contributed significantly to increasing numbers of orphans. Deaths due to unintentional injury for this age group are decreasing, resulting in increased rates of higher education.
Almost half of all unintentional injury deaths occurred in this age group. These years are typically the most productive in an individual's life.
All countries are required to commit to high level political action to reduce the burden of Non-Communicable Diseases. As such, which of the following is NOT what they should be doing? Reduce exposure to risk factors Strengthen health systems Scale up action worldwide Contract private companies
Contract private companies
According to the video "India: Battling Global Warming One Stove at a time", people living in millions of villages in the developing world cook using ______ for fuel. Cow dung & wood Wood & gas Gas & cow dung Electric cooker & cow dung
Cow dung & wood
Recent regulations have decreased global carbon emissions. True False
False
The following are examples of sex characteristics, EXCEPT: Men have testicles Women have developed breasts that are usually capable of lactating All options are correct, there is no except Women menstruate Men are allowed to drive cars whereas women are not in Saudi Arabia
Men are allowed to drive cars whereas women are not in Saudi Arabia
Female genital cutting is generally carried out by: Traditional practitioners Traditional birth attendants Local physicians Local school teachers
Traditional practitioners
Despite the growing epidemic, not a single new TB drug has been developed in 30 years. True False
True
Economic development and changes in land use are key factors contributing to the emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases. True False
True
Of the various serotypes of polio virus, which has been eliminated? Type 4 Type 1 Type 2 Type 3
Type 2
According to the Condom Controversy video in Uganda, what were high school students asked to sign? Consent for HIV testing Virginity pledge cards Promise to use condoms
Virginity pledge cards
The partial list of factors explaining the high prevalence of unintentional injuries in young children middle- and low-income countries include which of the following? (please select one answer) Developmental immaturity relative to the dangers these children face within their environments The influence of poverty on the families' abilities to provide adult supervision and child care Exposure to workplaces with unsafe, hazardous, and developmentally inappropriate machinery All answers are correct
All answers are correct
According to the lecture, what is the number one cause of death for women in the U.S.? None of the options is correct Cardiovascular disease Breast cancer Osteoporosis
Breast cancer
What country recently became the largest emitter of carbon? India United States China Russia
China
Great progress has been made in 1990 to 2008 in providing access to improved sources of drinking water and improved sanitation. Which two countries account for 47% and 38% of these improvements, respectively? Thailand and Pakistan China and India Norway and Nigeria Afghanistan and Iraq
China & India
The word Tutuzela means ________ in the Xhosa language Comfort Restoration Relief Nothing
Comfort
Children exposed to secondhand smoke are at increased risk for, EXCEPT: Severe asthma Diarrhea Bronchitis, pneumonia Ear infections
Diarrhea
Match the disease to its current level of disease containment. (more than one disease per containment level is possible) Polio Smallpox Malaria Measles
Elimination Eradication Control Elimination
After the smallpox warriors completed vaccination campaigns in Nigeria, what country had the largest concentration of cases & became the next challenge for the smallpox campaign? South Africa India Bangladesh China
India
Which of the following is NOT a long term problem derived from asphyxia Mental Retardation All of the options are long term problems derived from asphyxia Learning improvement Cerebral palsy None of the options are long term problems derived from asphyxia
Learning improvement
Which of the following is NOT a behavioral risk factor for cardiovascular disease? Tobacco use Physical inactivity Level of education Unhealthy diet
Level of education
Ensure environmental sustainability is which Millennium Development Goal? MDG 1 MDG 4 MDG 7 MDG 6
MDG 7
Which of the following countries is larger than the continent of Africa: United States France Germany None of the choices
None of the choices
According to the WHO, the world's standard treatment for diarrhea is: None of the options are correct ORT Antibotics Intravenous therapy
ORT
All of the following are components of the disease triangle EXCEPT: susceptible host research lab capabilities pathogen conducive environment
Research lab capabilities
According to the video "No woman should die giving birth", what proportion/percentage of Sierra Leone's population live in extreme poverty? Roughly 25% Over 50% Exactly 75% Undetermined
Roughly 25%
Which of the following statements regarding wastewater is/are true? I. In developing countries, 90% of all wastewater is treated. II. When dumped into water resources, untreated wastewater creates dead zones. III. As oxygen levels become depleted in water resources, marine life cannot survive. Statement III only. Statements II and III only. Statement I only. Statements I, II, and III.
Statements II & III only
Which region of the world had the highest number of under 5 deaths in 2010? Eastern Asia SubSaharan Africa Southern Asia Latin America and the Caribbean Southeastern Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Which of the following is NOT true regarding babies born to women smokers: They are more likely to be premature All options are true regarding babies born to women smokers They are more likely to die of sudden infant death syndrome None of the options are true regarding babies born to women smokers They are more likely to be overweighted
They are more likely to be overweighed
How many people does 1 well cover? For how many years? 250 people, 50 years 400 people, 20 years 600 people, 30 years 1,000 people, 40 years
400 people, 20 years
Research has shown that there is a _____________ relationship between antenatal care visits by mothers and perinatal deaths. Inverse Direct
Inverse
In Africa, _________________ have been cut by over 30% in the last decade HIV cases TB deaths Malaria deaths Diabetes cases
Malaria deaths
Based on what Sister Bartlett says in the video and on additional information provided in the same video, the work performed by the Tutuzela Clinic is best characterized as: Just dealing with patient after rape More than medical and nursing care, it is about empowering survivors so life can go on after rape She does not mention anything about the work at Tutuzela Expensive
More than medical and nursing care, it is about empowering survivors so life can go on after rape
According to the video "No woman should die giving birth", how many women die giving birth in developed countries? 1 in 400 1 in 4000 1 in 40000 It cannot be estimates
1 in 4000
According to the video "Rx for Survival: AIDS in Thailand", the condom use rate in brothels rose from ____% to ____%_ 10;90 20;80 30;70 20;90
10;90
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are the most common afflictions of the population's poorest individuals. How many NTDs are there? 5 8 13 21
13
According to the video "Rx for Survival:The End of Smallpox", how much of the population was vaccinated with the strategy implemented by smallpox warriors in Nigeria? 10% 15% 30% 75%
15%
According to the video (Charity Water) Water as a Luxury: in the United States, we use ______ gallons of clean water per person per day. In contrast, developing nations may not even have _______ gallons per family per day. 500:5 15:1 150:5 150:12
150:5
According to the video "Rx for Survival:The End of Smallpox", India was smallpox free by: 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980
1975
According to the "Charity Water" video, how much does a jerry can weigh when it is full? How much water does it hold? 10 pounds, 2 gallons 20 pounds, 3 gallons 40 pounds, 5 gallons 60 pounds, 7 gallons
40 pounds, 5 gallons
What is the average life expectancy in the Niassa region? 39 40 42 45
42
Child Mortality Rate is the probability that a child born live will die before reaching age: 1 year old 12 years old 5 years old None of the options are correct All options are correct
5 years old
The cholera epidemic in Peru in 1991 cost an estimated _____ dollars. (please select one answer) 771 thousand 7 thousand 771 million 7 million
771 million
According to the video Charity Water (Water as a Luxury), unsafe water and sanitation causes ___% of all sickness and disease. 50% 75% 80% 95%
80%
According to the video "Rx for Survival: An Incurable TB?", how many incurable patients were free of disease following the Partners in Health drug regimen? 50% 65% 85% 90%
85%
Why/how is child health linked with poverty? (please select one answer) If children had access to safe, clean water and sanitation, many would not succumb to diarrheal diseases. If families had more education, they would be better equipped to ensure their children receive the care they need. All answers are correct If families had more income, they would have greater access to health education, and other social services that would serve their children well.
All answers are correct
Which of the following answers is NOT a reason why women's health must be given a prominent place in the global health agenda? In several societies, women are subjected to discrimination and expected to fulfill very specific roles, both of which can be harmful to their health. All answers are reasons why women's health must be given a prominent place in the global health agenda Morbidity, disability, and premature death of women can have enormous social and economic impact on affected women, their families, and the communities they live in. Women face a number of unique health problems virtue of their gender and their place in society. Obstetric fistulas area a major source of disability in developing countries, and only women suffer from fistulas.
All answers are reasons why women's health must be given a prominent place in the global health agenda
Which of the following are responsible for the decrease in the deaths due to diarrheal disease in children? Improved nutrition of infants Better Disease recognition Improved care seeking Appropriate use of oral rehydration therapy All of the options are correct
All of the options are correct
According to the video Charity Water (Water as Luxury), which of the following diseases are associated with "dirty water"? Dysentery Diarrheal diseases Parasitic diseases Typhoid All options are correct
All options are correct
What strategy is used to eradicate polio? Supplementary Immunization Activities (SIAs) All options are correct National Immunization Days surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis cases
All options are correct
Which of the following diseases can be prevented by vaccination: None of the options are correct Poliomyelitis Pneumonia All options are correct Smallpox
All options are correct
The status of women in some societies may be lower than that of men, this is reflected by the following examples, EXCEPT (i.e. find the incorrect one): Women not being able to make reproductive decisions all options are correct, there is no except all options are incorrect, they are all excepts Women not being able to make their own health decisions Unequal distribution of food within a household (i.e males children may be given more food than female children)
All options are correct, there is no except
Nineteen conditions disproportionately affect women, which of the following is NOT an example of such conditions: Maternal conditions All options are examples of such conditions None of the options are examples of such conditions Osteoathritis Breast cancer
All options are examples of such conditions
Which of the following is NOT an example of violence against women: Trafficking for forced labor or sex Sexual harassment and abuse Dowryrelated violence All options are examples of violence against women None of the options are examples of violence against women
All options are examples of violence against women
According to the transcript for the video 'Amazon Crude' about Chevron, the ________ is the most important rainforest on earth. Congo Amazon Nile valley Borneo None of the options are correct
Amazon
According to the textbook, which region of the world has the highest direct costs attributable to road traffic injuries? Africa Europe Americans Asia
Asia
What two parts of a plastic bottle are having a negative impact on wildlife? Bottle & cap Cap & ring Ring & label Labe & bottle
Cap & ring
What subpopulations are among the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change? Sanitation and the elderly Adult men & women Individuals with HIV or malaria Republican and democrats
Children & elderly
The World Health Organization has projected that the number of cases of diabetes will ___________ between 2005 and 2030. Remain the same Double Triple Decrease
Double
According to the video "Uganda: The Condom Controversy", in the first two years since the U.S. funded Focus on Abstinence campaigns, new HIV cases in Uganda ______________. Decreased by half Doubled Stagnated Decreased by one third
Doubled
A fundamental consideration of the care provided to rape survivors in Tutuzela is that survivors should never recount what happened to them. True False
False
According to the video "MDG 2012 Countdown: Working together towards 2015": gender inequality is still rampant all over the world in primary education. True False
False
One of the disadvantages of ecological latrines is that ashes may attract insects that transmit diseases True False
False
Sanitation protects personal health, whereas hygiene protects public health. True False
False
Which of the following is NOT among the list of selected sanitation technologies/approaches to disposing of excreta? Simple pit latrine Ventilation-improved latrine Flying toilets Pour-flush toilets Septic tanks
Flying toilets
Choose the one TRUE statement regarding unintentional injuries. Men are more likely to die from injuries related to fires/burns than women. Approximately 65% of injury deaths occur in low and middleincome countries. Globally, more people die each year from injuries than malaria, TB, and HIV/AIDS combined. Deaths from falls were the leading cause of deaths from injuries in 2000.
Globally, more people die each year from injuries than malaria, TB and HIV/AIDS combined
What is a Superfund site? ecosanitation latrine green energy housing landfill hazardous waste dump
Hazardous waste dump
What two countries have major burdens of disease that relate to ambient air pollution from particulate matter? (please select two answers) pakistan India Sudan China Russia
India & China
Violence and sexual abuse against women can cause which of the following: Injuries, unwanted pregnancies, depression, permanent disability, and sometimes death Malaria and other parasitic infections Cancer and congestive heart failure The correct answer is not listed
Injuries, unwanted pregnancies, depression, permanent disability, and sometimes death
According to the video "Haiti: Congential syphilis on the way out", how is syphilis transmitted? It is a vector borne disease It is a water borne disease It is a sexually transmitted disease It is a food borne disease
It is a sexually transmitted disease
All of the following are correct about Kangaroo Mother Care (as it pertains to child health) EXCEPT The baby, wearing only a diaper is kept warm through contact with the mother's skin. The skin-to-skin contact between the mother and the baby enhances their psychological bond, which improves health and development The baby can nurse 'on demand', which helps low birth weight babies to gain weight and gain protection from infections. It is a very expensive method of keeping the baby warm.
It is a very expensive method of keeping the baby warm.
(Women's Health) Decreasing the prevalence of obstetric fistulas is challenging because It requires altering culture practices and it requires strengthening a very weak health care system It is a pre-condition for marriage in some African communities It is extremely difficult to repair an obstetric fistula It cannot be prevented
It requires altering culture practices and it requires strengthening a very weak health care system
Which of the following statements regarding income and chronic diseases is true? Low and lower middle income countries carry the majority of the burden of disease due to chronic disease. CVD are the leading cause of death in SubSaharan Africa. High income countries have a low burden of diseases caused by chronic diseases. The countries with the highest projected foregone national income due to chronic disease are Canada and the United Kingdom.
Low & lower middle income countries carry the majority of the burden of disease due to chronic illness
All of the following are major Neglected Tropical Diseases EXCEPT (please choose one answer): Ascariasis Buruli Ulcer Chagas Disease Dracunculiasis Leprosy Malaria Human African Trypanosomiasis
Malaria
According to the video "The End of Smallpox", what brought Poliomyelitis to brink of eradication? Massive antibiotic treatment campaigns Massive vaccination campaigns Massive improvements in water & sanitation
Massive vaccination campaigns
According to the lecture, poor health of women has especially negative consequences on, EXCEPT: None of the options are correct Children Families All options are correct Nations
Nations
In which country, Vitamin A prophilatyc supplementation given twice a year decreased under5 mortaligy by almost 48 death per 1000 births, on average? India Nigeria DRC Nepal
Nepal
Why was achieving vaccination target (% of population) in Nigeria impossible? too many people & rumors fearing vaccine safety rumors fearing vaccine safety & not enough vaccine not enough vaccine & too many people all options are correct none of the options are correct
Not enough vaccine & too many people
The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has joined forces to eradicate polio by 2013 with all of the following EXCEPT: CDC WHO Partners in health Rotary international UNICEF
Partners in health
Babies who are diagnosed with syphilis are given _______ to clear the infection. Penicillin Tomaxifin Zithromax Immune Globulin
Penicillin
All of the following are examples of conditions that have a higher burden among females than males, EXCEPT: Cancer Perinatal conditions STIss HIV/AIDS
Perinatal conditions
What disease was reportable under International Health Regulations in 1969? None of the options are correct Novel influenza virus Polio Plague
Plague
Which of the following are NOT considered Non-Communicable Diseases Heart disease Stroke Diabetes Poliomyelitis Chronic respiratory diseases
Poliomyelitis
Which of the following is NOT an obstacle to disease elimination? weak health systems drug resistance political support asymptomatic cases
Political support
Which of the following statements about cancer is true? Risk factors for cancer include tobacco use, harmful alcohol use, poor diet, and physical inactivity. Certain infections, such as malaria, increase the individual's chance of developing cancer. More than 90% of all cancer deaths are preventable. Becuase genetic predisposition plays a large role, cancer is not preventable.
Risk factors for cancer include tobacco use, harmful alcohol use, poor diet, and physical inactivity.
According to the global hunger index of 2011, which of the following countries do not have 'serious hunger' (i.e. global hunger index of 9.9 or lower): Bolivia Chad India Angola Russia
Russia
The following challenge(s) compound(s) the AIDS epidemics in Cape Town, South Africa (select the one right answer): Maternal mortality Infant mortality Sexual violence Sexual abstinence
Sexual violence
Which of the following statements is/are true regarding low birth weight? I. It is defined as less than 2500 grams at birth. II. The majority of low birth weight babies are born in China. III. Almost 60% of babies born in developing countries are not weighed at birth. Statements I, II, and III. Statement I only Statements I and III only. Statements II and III only
Statements I & III only
Which of the following statements regarding noncommunicable diseases and global public health is/are true? I. The impact of cardiovascular disease is approaching or equal to the impact from communicable diseases. II. Communicable diseases have a higher disease burden in low and middle income countries than noncommunicable diseases. III. The majority of deaths due to chronic diseases occur in high income countries. IV. Four out of five deaths due to noncommunicable diseases occur in low and middle income countries. Statements I and IV only. Statements II and III only. Statement I, II and III only. Statement III only.
Statements I & IV only
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the eradication of polio? (Chose the one false statement). The World Health Assembly adopted eradication as a goal in 1978. The last case of polio in the United States occurred in 1979. The Western Hemisphere was certified poliofree in 1994. There has been a significant decline in paralytic polio cases worldwide since 1988.
The World Health Assembly adopted eradication as a goal in 1978
Environment' in environmental health is largely defined as external physical, chemical, and microbiological exposures and processes that can impinge upon an individual and groups, and are beyond the immediate control of individuals. True False
True
Obstetric fistula is a preventable condition and was eliminated in the U.S. and Europe over a century ago due to the quality and availability of healthcare for mothers during childbirth. True False
True
The increased use of two wheeled vehicles and disregard for traffic laws contribute to the higher number of deaths from road accidents in low- and middle-income countries. True False
True
There have been a number of conflicts around the world in which rape has been used systematically as a tool of war. True False
True
To wipe out polio completely, every child in every region where the virus still lives must be vaccinated. True False
True
True or False: Sri Lanka's success in reducing maternal deaths can be attributed to widespread access to maternal health care, including emergency obstetric care, built upon a strong health system that provides free services to the entire population. True False
True
When discussing how to improve prehospital care in areas without such services, it is important to investigate ways to ensure emergency services could be hailed quickly even in areas most people would not have a telephone. True False
True
In 2005, the WHO conducted a 10 country study on women's health and domestic violence, which of the following countries is NOT one of the countries the study was conducted? All options are countries where the study was conducted Peru The study was not conducted in any of the countries listed in the options Bangladesh USA
USA
According to the video "India: Battling Global Warming One Stove at a time", what would be the most effective means to properly communicate the benefits of the stoves or awareness of indoor air pollution in rural India: Newspapers TV Radio Village to village visits
Village to village visits
According to the textbook, measures to prevent HIV infection among women and mothers-to-be are the most ______ ways to ensure that HIV is not transmitted from mothers to their children. However, if a mother is HIV-infected, the providing __________ to prevent transmission can also be cost-effective cost-effective, abstinence education expensive; drug therapy cost-effective; drug therapy expensive; abstinence education
cost-effective; drug therapy
The greatest reduction in diarrhea morbidity comes from investing in which of the following? (please select one answer) water quantity only without investment in hygiene or sanitation air quality only without investment in hygiene or sanitation sanitation only, water and sanitation, or hygiene only combination of water quality and quantity without investment in hygiene or sanitation
sanitation only, water and sanitation, or hygiene only
