Exam 4 - Bio 2130 Anatomy - Voytek ECU

Small proteins known as __ are secreted by virus

infected cells to help defend cells that have not yet been infected -Interferons

Hormone that promotes water retention and prevents dehydration

ADH

One of the main functions of small intestine

Absorption of nutrients

Redness, heat, swelling and pain are the four most common indicators of

Acute inflammation

The blood vessel directly feeding the glomerulus with blood from the cortical radiate artery is the

Afferent arteriole

What structure carries lymph into a lymph node

Afferent lymphatic vessel

The clusters of specific glands that produce milk when a woman is lactating are called

Alveolar glands

Chronically inflamed, hypersensitive bronchial passages that repose to many irritants are characteristics of

Asthma

The submucosal and myenteric nerve plexuses that help regulate the mobility and secretory activity of the GI tract organs are both part of the

Autonomic nervous system

Lymph is largely composed of water that has escaped from _______

Blood

The division of the trachea produces two tubes called the right and left main (primary)

Bronchi

Thick, clear mucus that cleanses the urethra of acidic urine is produced by the

Bulbo urethral glands

The most important stimulus for breathing in a healthy person is the body's need to rid itself of the blood gas called

Carbon dioxide

The tiny white cords that anchor the cusps or flaps of endocardium to the walls of the ventricles are called the

Chordae tendinae

The inspiratory muscles that connect so we can inspire air are the

Diaphragm and external intercostals

Glands (like the thyroid) secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as

Endocrine

The flap of elastic cartilage that protects food from entering the larynx when swallowing is the

Epiglottis

The respiratory conducting passageways perform all of the following functions except

Exchange gases

Air flowing out of the lungs is known as

Expiration

Alpha cells produce what hormone

Glucagon

AIDS cripples the immune system by interfering with the activity of cells called

Helper t cells

Nutrients detour through the liver via the

Hepatic portal circulation

T cells or B cells that are capable of responding to a specific antigen by binding to it w antigen specific receptors that appear on the lymphocytes surface are considered

Immunocompetent

T or B cells that are capable of responding to a specific antigen by binding to it with antigen specific receptors that appear on the lymphocytes surface are considered

Immunocompetent

The involuntary sphincter that keeps the urethra closed when urine is not being passed is called the

Internal urethral sphincter

What organs release secretions into the duodenum of the small intestine

Liver and pancreas

Starting from the glomerular capsule, the correct order of the renal tubule regions is

Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Distal convoluted tubule

The process of chewing is known as

Mastication

Control of visceral activities such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing and vomiting are located where

Medulla oblongata

The vital centers for the control of visceral activities sun as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, and vomiting are located in the

Medulla oblongata

Order that food passes in the alimentary canal

Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine

Which one of the following represents the correct order through which food passes in the alimentary canal

Mouth, Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine

Due to a recent respiratory illness from a viral infection, jennifer has no developed ___

Naturally acquired active immunity

The functional unit of the kidney that filters blood and forms urine is the Nephron

Nephron

What forms urine

Nephron

Air flows through respiratory system in what order

Nose PHARynx LARynx Main bronchi

The correct pathway air flows through respiratory system

Nose Pharynx Larynx Trachea Main bronchi

What lymphatic tissue in the submucosa of the small intestine prevents bacteria from entering the blood

Peyer's patches

The serous membrane that surrounds each lung is created by a parietal and visceral

Pleura

The __ sphincter or valve controls food movement from the stomach into the small intestine

Pyloric

What describe the location of the kidneys

Retroperitoneal

The __ duct drains lymph from the right arm and the right side of the head and thorax

Right lymphatic

Large wrinkle like folds in the stomach lining, present when the stomach is empty, that allow for expansion when the stomach is filling are called

Rugae

Two hormones that promote the release of bile and pancreatic juice into the small intestine are

Secretin and CCK

The process by which food within the small intestine is mixed with digestive juices by backward and forward movement across the internal wall of the organ is called

Segmentation

Exchange of both oxygen and carbon dioxide through the respiratory membrane occurs by

Simple diffusion

The correct signal to and from the brain is __

Spinal nerve Dorsal root Dorsal horn of the gray matter then to dorsal white matter Brain for processing Ventral white matter then to ventral horn of the gray matter, Ventral root

Expiration occurs when

The diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax

The process that removes ions such as potassium and hydrogen from the blood and places them into the nephron for removal from the body as urine is known as

Tubular secretion

Which one of the following is NOT a substance typically reabsorbed by the tubules under normal healthy conditions

Urea

The tube connecting each kidney to the urinary bladder is the

Ureter

The total amount of exchangeable air is known as

Vital capacity

Tissue grafts harvested from a different animal species are known as

Xenographs

Blood

brain​ barrier is effective against Metabolic waste such as -Urea