exam 4

Heartburn incidence increases during pregnancy because of ________.

(due to the growth of the fetus)

A toddler is a child between the ages of ________.

1 to 3 years

Before you prepare food or after you use the bathroom, wash your hands with hot soapy water for at least ________ seconds to cleanse them thoroughly.

20

Which of the following statements is true?

A centenarian is a person who has lived for 100 years or more.

When serving a food for the first time to an infant, ________.

All of these responses are correct.

Elena recently found out that she is pregnant and wants to know if she can continue her regular daily physical activity routine. Which of the following recommendations might you make to Elena in terms of physical activity during pregnancy?

Avoid maximal load strength training

Which of the following is not a typical sign or symptom of food-borne illness?

Chest Pain

To reduce the risk of food-borne illness, which of these guidelines should you follow?

Do not buy food in dented cans.

Which of the following foods is not a likely source of food-borne pathogens?

Dried apricots

Which federal agency is responsible for overseeing the quality of drinking water?

EPA

________ is a direct (intentional) food additive.

FD&C Red No. 40

Which of the following food preservation techniques involves adding certain types of bacteria or yeast to foods, producing probiotic foods.

Fermentation

What is linked with poor diet quality in adolescents?

May lead to a poor diet in adulthood

What is the importance of growth charts for children?

May provide an early warning for potential medical problems

________ is a normal physiological change associated with aging.

Reduced estrogen production

Which of the following vitamins is often lacking in the diets of older adults, especially elderly women?

Vitamin D

________ is a federal program that provides funds to state governments to help specific populations obtain certain supplemental foods and nutrition education.

WIC

Which of the following is not considered a risk factor for preeclampsia?

Woman age 28 years at time of conception

What factor(s) contributes to childhood obesity?

all answers are correct

Age-related dementia includes ________.

all of these are correct

Which infants have special vitamin needs?

all of these choices are accurate

Which of the following practices is the most reliable way of sanitizing impure water?

boiling water

Most infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they ________.

can sit up with some back support

Fetal alcohol syndrome is characterized by severe birth defects that occur in infants whose mothers ________.

drank alcohol excessively during pregnancy

Which of the following food preservation methods draws water from cells, reducing the likelihood many pathogens can survive?

drying

During her 7th month of pregnancy, Sari developed a life-threatening complication of pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension and convulsions. Based on this information, Sari developed ________.

eclampsia

Growth plates at the end of long bones are called ________.

epiphyses

________ often transmit pathogens to food.

flies

The process of pasteurization involves the use of ________.

heat to kill pathogens

Compared to preschoolers, older children tend to eat ________.

more foods away from home

Which hormone increases in secretion during pregnancy?

more than one answer is correct

Pregnant women are advised to drink ________.

no more than 2 cups of coffee per day

Some women crave nonfood items during pregnancy. This behavior is called ________.

pica

The common practice of taking several prescribed medication daily to treat a variety of health conditions is called ________.

polypharmacy

Introducing solid foods to an infant's diet before the infant needs them can ________.

potentially strain the young infant's organs

Intake of which of the following macronutrients is most likely to be below recommendations in older adults?

protein

Bernard is 83 years of age. His ________ is likely to have a negative influence on his nutritional status.

social isolation

In the United States, the diets of many toddler and preschool-age children supply too much ________.

sodium

The fetus accumulates most of its body fat and mineral stores ________.

third trimester

Reduced ________ is a normal physiological change associated with aging.

thirst sensation

Which of the following nutrients can cause birth defects in the fetus when taken in large amounts during the first trimester?

vitamin A

On average, a full-term infant at birth ________.

weighs 7 to 8 pounds and is about 20 inches long

A maternal practice that can be harmful to the fetus is ________.

All of these choices are accurate.

Adolescence is considered what?

Period of time that begins at puberty and ends at adulthood

Anna enjoys grilling hamburgers, but she wants to reduce the chances that her food preparation practices result in food-borne illness. Which of the following steps should she avoid?

Thawing the frozen ground meat on the kitchen counter.

To avoid possible exposure to mercury, pregnant women should avoid what food?

fish

Mario is a 7-year-old boy whose BMI-for-age is in the 75th percentile. According to this information, Mario's weight is ________.

healthy for his age

The following substances were detected in a can of food. Which of the substances is an unintentional food additive?

insect parts

According to scientific research involving animals, ________ may extend one's life.

restricting energy intake

After Ariel gave birth to a healthy baby boy, the physician immediately placed the baby next to Ariel's breast so the infant could begin breastfeeding. This practice ________.

stimulates Ariel's uterus to contract, reducing her risk of bleeding excessively

One should have at least a _______ days supply of food for emergency use.

3

A low birth weight infant weighs less than _______ pounds at birth.

5.5

A high birth weight infant weighs more than _______ pounds at birth.

8.8

________ are poisonous substances produced by certain molds that can cause liver damage and death.

Aflatoxins

Forty-year old Kent has a family history of Alzheimer's disease. What recommendations do you have for Kent to reduce his risk for Alzheimer's disease?

All of the choices are correct.

________ is a physiological change associated with aging.

Hardening of the arteries

________ is a common nutrition-related sign of pregnancy that occurs in many healthy pregnant women.

Heartburn

is the production of milk by cells that line the mammary alveoli in breast tissue.

Lactation

Nyala is 20 weeks pregnant and has read online about the potential benefits of taking a particular over-the-counter medication to help with management of some of the symptoms she has been experiencing during her pregnancy. Which of the following statements about medication use during pregnancy is FALSE?

Most medications have been tested in pregnant women and have been deemed safe by the FDA.

Which cereal is least likely to cause allergies in infants?

Rice

Infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they ________.

lose the extrusion reflex

A major nutrition-related concern of adolescent females is ________ intake.

low iron

According to the damage or error theory of aging, ________.

organs simply wear out with use and abuse

As a person ages their risk of ________ increases. This condition results in loss of muscle function, shaking, stiffness, and poor balance.

Parkinsons

The primary carbohydrate in the diet of most infants is ________.

lactose

Margaret is 87 years of age. Compared to when she was 27 years of age, her ________ now.

stomach secretes less intrinsic factor

The medical specialty that focuses on the healthcare needs of older adults is called _______.

geriatrics

________ is a foodborne roundworm that cause parasitic infections from infected pork.

Trichinella spiralis